Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics
Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Mini review

Fructose malabsorption

Authors: Karolin Ebert, Heiko Witt

Published in: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Incomplete intestinal absorption of fructose might lead to abdominal complaints such as pain, flatulence and diarrhoea. Whether defect fructose transporters such as GLUT5 or GLUT2 are involved in the pathogenesis of fructose malabsorption is a matter of debate. The hydrogen production by colonic bacteria is used for diagnosis with the hydrogen breath test. However, the appropriate fructose test dose for correct diagnosis is unclear. Subjects with fructose malabsorption show increased breath hydrogen levels and abdominal symptoms after fructose administration but do not report any symptoms when fructose is given together with glucose. This beneficial effect of glucose, however, cannot be explained yet but might be used for clinical care of these subjects.
Literature
1.
Enattah NS, Sahi T, Savilahti E, Terwilliger JD, Peltonen L, Järvelä I (2002) Identification of a variant associated with adult-type hypolactasia. Nat Genet 30:233–237CrossRefPubMed
2.
Wright EM, Turk E, Martin MG (2002) Molecular basis for glucose-galactose malabsorption. Cell Biochem Biophys 36:115–121CrossRefPubMed
3.
Barone S, Fussell SL, Singh AK, Lucas F, Xu J, Kim C, Wu X, Yu Y, Amlal H, Seidler U, Zuo J, Soleimani M (2009) Slc2a5 (Glut5) is essential for the absorption of fructose in the intestine and generation of fructose-induced hypertension. J Biol Chem 284:5056–5066PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
4.
Wasserman D, Hoekstra JH, Tolia V, Taylor CJ, Kirschner BS, Takeda J, Bell GI, Taub R, Rand EB (1996) Molecular analysis of the fructose transporter gene (GLUT5) in isolated fructose malabsorption. J Clin Invest 98:2398–2402PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
5.
Gould GW, Thomas HM, Jess TJ, Bell GI (1991) Expression of human glucose transporters in Xenopus oocytes: kinetic characterization and substrate specificities of the erythrocyte, liver, and brain isoforms. Biochemistry 30:5139–5145CrossRefPubMed
6.
Tazawa S, Yamato T, Fujikura H, Hiratochi M, Itoh F, Tomae M, Takemura Y, Maruyama H, Sugiyama T, Wakamatsu A, Isogai T, Isaji M (2005) SLC5A9/SGLT4, a new Na+-dependent glucose transporter, is an essential transporter for mannose, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, and fructose. Life Sci 76:1039–1050CrossRefPubMed
7.
Blakemore SJ, Aledo JC, James J, Campbell FC, Lucocq JM, Hundal HS (1995) The GLUT5 hexose transporter is also localized to the basolateral membrane of the human jejunum. Biochem J 309:7–12PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
8.
Kellett GL, Helliwell PA (2000) The diffusive component of intestinal glucose absorption is mediated by the glucose-induced recruitment of GLUT2 to the brush-border membrane. Biochem J 350:155–162PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
9.
10.
Santer R, Groth S, Kinner M, Dombrowski A, Berry GT, Brodehl J, Leonard JV, Moses S, Norgren S, Skovby F, Schneppenheim R, Steinmann B, Schaub J (2002) The mutation spectrum of the facilitative glucose transporter gene SLC2A2 (GLUT2) in patients with Fanconi-Bickel syndrome. Hum Genet 110:21–29CrossRefPubMed
11.
Wilder-Smith CH, Li X, Ho SS, Leong SM, Wong RK, Koay ES, Ferraris RP (2014) Fructose transporters GLUT5 and GLUT2 expression in adult patients with fructose intolerance. United European Gastroenterol J 2:14–21PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
12.
Truswell AS, Seach JM, Thorburn AW (1988) Incomplete absorption of pure fructose in healthy subjects and the facilitating effect of glucose. Am J Clin Nutr 48:1424–1430PubMed
13.
Rao SSC, Attaluri A, Anderson L, Stumbo P (2007) Ability of the normal human small intestine to absorb fructose: evaluation by breath testing. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 5:959–963PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
14.
15.
Jones HF, Butler RN, Moore DJ, Brooks DA (2013) Developmental changes and fructose absorption in children: effect on malabsorption testing and dietary management. Nutr Rev 71:300–309CrossRefPubMed
16.
17.
Jones HF, Burt E, Dowling K, Davidson G, Brooks DA, Butler RN (2011) Effect of age on fructose malabsorption in children presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 52:581–584CrossRefPubMed
18.
Rasinperä H, Kuokkanen M, Kolho K, Lindahl H, Enattah NS, Savilahti E, Orpana A, Järvelä I (2005) Transcriptional downregulation of the lactase (LCT) gene during childhood. Gut 54:1660–1661PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
19.
Rumessen JJ, Gudmand-Høyer E (1986) Absorption capacity of fructose in healthy adults. Comparison with sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides. Gut 27:1161–1168PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
20.
Hoekstra JH, van den Aker JH (1996) Facilitating effect of amino acids on fructose and sorbitol absorption in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 23:118–124CrossRefPubMed
21.
Elias E, Gibson GJ, Greenwood LF, Hunt JN, Tripp JH (1968) The slowing of gastric emptying by monosaccharides and disaccharides in test meals. J Physiol 194:317–326PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
22.
Beaugerie L, Flourié B, Lémann M, Achour L, Franchisseur C, Rambaud JC (1995) Sorbitol absorption in the healthy human small intestine is increased by the concomitant ingestion of glucose or lipids. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 7:125–128PubMed
23.
24.
Melchior C, Gourcerol G, Déchelotte P, Leroi AM, Ducrotté P (2014) Symptomatic fructose malabsorption in irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective study. United European Gastroenterol J 2:131–137PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
25.
de Roest RH, Dobbs BR, Chapman BA, Batman B, O’Brian LA, Leeper JA, Hebblethwaite CR, Gearry RB (2013) The low FODMAP diet improves gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective study. Int J Clin Pract 67:895–903CrossRefPubMed
26.
Böhn L, Störsrud S, Liljebo T, Collin L, Lindfors P, Törnblom H, Simrén M (2015) Diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome as well as traditional dietary advice: a randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology 149:1399–1407,e2CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Fructose malabsorption
Authors
Karolin Ebert
Heiko Witt
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2194-7791
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40348-016-0035-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 1/2016 Go to the issue

Short Communication

Transient spontaneous remission in congenital MLL-AF10 rearranged acute myeloid leukemia presenting with cardiorespiratory failure and meconium ileus

Research

Wilms’ tumor susceptibility: possible involvement of FOXP3 and CXCL12 genes

Editorial

Molecular biology of the gut

Mini review

Leukocyte recruitment in preterm and term infants

Research

Severe changes in colon epithelium in the Mecp2-null mouse model of Rett syndrome

Review

Neutrophil plasticity enables the development of pathological microenvironments: implications for cystic fibrosis airway disease