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Systematic Reviews
Published in: Systematic Reviews 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Protocol

How can pharmacists develop patient-pharmacist communication skills? A realist review protocol

Authors: Aisling Kerr, Judith Strawbridge, Caroline Kelleher, Fien Mertens, Peter Pype, Myriam Deveugele, Teresa Pawlikowska

Published in: Systematic Reviews | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Good patient-pharmacist communication improves health outcomes. There is, however, room for improving pharmacists’ communication skills. These develop through complex interactions during undergraduate pharmacy education, practice-based learning and continuing professional development. Research is needed to determine how best to approach teaching patient-pharmacist communication.

Methods

The aim of the research is to understand how educational interventions develop patient-pharmacist interpersonal communication skills produce their effects. A realist review approach will be used to synthesise the literature to make sense of the complexities of educational interventions. Our review will iteratively progress through the various stages of clarifying scope, locating existing theories, searching for evidence, appraisal of papers, data extraction and synthesis. A scoping review revealed a number of substantive theories, which will be used to build an initial programme theory. This will be explored through available published evidence, which we will find by searching databases such as Medline, EMBASE, PsychInfo, ERIC, Scopus and Web of Science. Judgements will be made on the relevance and rigour of the retrieved literature and will be taken into consideration during analysis and synthesis. Synthesis, testing and refinement of the theories will describe and explain the links between contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of educational interventions for communication development in pharmacy.

Discussion

The realist review will provide an analysis of what works when, for whom, how and why, for educational interventions for interpersonal patient-pharmacist communication development. We will also explore barriers to successful communications training and acknowledge any limitations. Ultimately, we plan to provide pharmacy educators with evidence for how best to incorporate educational interventions for communications skills development into pharmacy curricula and for life-long learning opportunities for pharmacists.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Glossary
CMO configurations
Outcomes and their associated mechanisms and contexts
Middle-range theories
These are theories that are used to explain the interaction between mechanisms and context to influence outcomes. They are explanations for observed patterns in the data and can be tested and refined against empirical data.
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Metadata
Title
How can pharmacists develop patient-pharmacist communication skills? A realist review protocol
Authors
Aisling Kerr
Judith Strawbridge
Caroline Kelleher
Fien Mertens
Peter Pype
Myriam Deveugele
Teresa Pawlikowska
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Systematic Reviews / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2046-4053
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0396-0

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