Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Trials 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Stroke | Study protocol

Effectiveness of LiuZiJue Qigong versus traditional core stability training for poststroke patients complicated with abnormal trunk postural control: study protocol for a single-center randomized controlled trial

Authors: Chen Wang, Long Yu, Jian Yang, Ren Wei Wang, Ya Nan Zheng, Ying Zhang

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2020

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Trunk function in stroke patients with hemiplegia is associated with respiration and core stability and is also found to be associated with balance and postural control and activities of daily living. LiuZiJue Qigong (LQG) is a traditional Chinese method of fitness based on breath pronunciation. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy of LQG and traditional core stability training in the treatment of stroke patients with abnormal trunk posture. This protocol is written according to the SPIRIT 2013 statement.

Methods/design

This study is a single-center randomized controlled trial in which 160 stroke patients are randomly divided into a study group and a control group. Patients in the study group will receive LQG combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy, and patients in the control group will receive traditional core stability training combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy. All treatments will be done for 45 min/day, five times per week, for 2 weeks. The primary outcome (Trunk Impairment Scale) and secondary outcomes (Berg Balance Scale, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Modified Barthel Index, Maximum Phonation Time, Dynamic and Static balance testing, and thickness and the mobile degrees of diaphragm) will be measured at baseline, 2 weeks, and the end of the rehabilitation course.

Discussion

The aim purpose of this research study is to compare the clinical efficacy of LQG and traditional core stability exercise in the treatment of stroke patients with abnormal trunk posture.

Trial registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Register, ChiCTR1800014864​. Registered on 24 November 2018.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Kligyte I, Lundy-Ekman L, Medeiros JM. Relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and dynamic balance in people post-stroke [in Lithuanian]. Medicina (Kaunas). 2003;39(2):122–8. Kligyte I, Lundy-Ekman L, Medeiros JM. Relationship between lower extremity muscle strength and dynamic balance in people post-stroke [in Lithuanian]. Medicina (Kaunas). 2003;39(2):122–8.
2.
go back to reference Ryerson S, Byl NN, Brown DA, Wong RA, Hidler JM. Altered trunk position sense and its relation to balance functions in people post-stroke. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2008;32(1):14–20.CrossRef Ryerson S, Byl NN, Brown DA, Wong RA, Hidler JM. Altered trunk position sense and its relation to balance functions in people post-stroke. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2008;32(1):14–20.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Garland SJ, Gray VL, Knorr S. Muscle activation patterns and postural control following stroke. Motor Control. 2009;13(4):387–411.CrossRef Garland SJ, Gray VL, Knorr S. Muscle activation patterns and postural control following stroke. Motor Control. 2009;13(4):387–411.CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Yu SH, Park SD. The effects of core stability strength exercise on muscle activity and Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. J Exerc Rehabil. 2013;9(3):362–7.CrossRef Yu SH, Park SD. The effects of core stability strength exercise on muscle activity and Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. J Exerc Rehabil. 2013;9(3):362–7.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Marcucci FCI, Cardoso NS, de Souza Berteli K, Garanhani MR, Cardoso JR. Electromyographic alterations of trunk muscle of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis [in Portuguese]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2007;65(3B):900–5.CrossRef Marcucci FCI, Cardoso NS, de Souza Berteli K, Garanhani MR, Cardoso JR. Electromyographic alterations of trunk muscle of patients with post-stroke hemiparesis [in Portuguese]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2007;65(3B):900–5.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Wang CH, Hsueh IP, Sheu CF, Hsieh CL. Discriminative, predictive, and evaluative properties of a trunk control measure in patients with stroke. Phys Ther. 2005;85(9):887–94.CrossRef Wang CH, Hsueh IP, Sheu CF, Hsieh CL. Discriminative, predictive, and evaluative properties of a trunk control measure in patients with stroke. Phys Ther. 2005;85(9):887–94.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Winslow C, Bode RK, Felton D, Chen D, Meyer PR Jr. Impact of respiratory complications on length of stay and hospital costs in acute cervical spine injury. Chest. 2002;121(5):1548–54.CrossRef Winslow C, Bode RK, Felton D, Chen D, Meyer PR Jr. Impact of respiratory complications on length of stay and hospital costs in acute cervical spine injury. Chest. 2002;121(5):1548–54.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference de Sèze M, Wiart L, Bon-Saint-Côme A, Debelleix X, de Sèze M, Joseph PA, et al. Rehabilitation of postural disturbances of hemiplegic patients by using trunk control retraining during exploratory exercises. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(6):793–800.CrossRef de Sèze M, Wiart L, Bon-Saint-Côme A, Debelleix X, de Sèze M, Joseph PA, et al. Rehabilitation of postural disturbances of hemiplegic patients by using trunk control retraining during exploratory exercises. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001;82(6):793–800.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Fugl-Meyer AR, Grimby G. Respiration in tetraplegia and in hemiplegia: a review. Int Rehabil Med. 1984;6(4):186–90.CrossRef Fugl-Meyer AR, Grimby G. Respiration in tetraplegia and in hemiplegia: a review. Int Rehabil Med. 1984;6(4):186–90.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Fugl-Meyer AR, Linderholm H, Wilson AF. Restrictive ventilatory dysfunction in stroke: its relation to locomotor function. Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1983;9:118–24.PubMed Fugl-Meyer AR, Linderholm H, Wilson AF. Restrictive ventilatory dysfunction in stroke: its relation to locomotor function. Scand J Rehabil Med Suppl. 1983;9:118–24.PubMed
11.
go back to reference Woo SD, Kim TH, Lim JY. The effects of breathing with mainly inspiration or expiration on pulmonary function and chest expansion. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(3):927–31.CrossRef Woo SD, Kim TH, Lim JY. The effects of breathing with mainly inspiration or expiration on pulmonary function and chest expansion. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(3):927–31.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Song GB, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients' respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef Song GB, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients' respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Peng Z, Zhang J, Li X, editors. Efficacy of integrative respiratory rehabilitation in exercise ability and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase: a Randomized controlled trials. 2010;8(5):432. Peng Z, Zhang J, Li X, editors. Efficacy of integrative respiratory rehabilitation in exercise ability and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase: a Randomized controlled trials. 2010;8(5):432.
14.
go back to reference Wu W, Liu X, Liu J, Li P, Wang Z. Effectiveness of water-based Liuzijue exercise on respiratory muscle strength and peripheral skeletal muscle function in patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1713–26.CrossRef Wu W, Liu X, Liu J, Li P, Wang Z. Effectiveness of water-based Liuzijue exercise on respiratory muscle strength and peripheral skeletal muscle function in patients with COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2018;13:1713–26.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Wu W, Liu X, Li P, Li N, Wang Z. Effect of Liuzijue exercise combined with elastic band resistance exercise on patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018;2018:2361962.PubMedPubMedCentral Wu W, Liu X, Li P, Li N, Wang Z. Effect of Liuzijue exercise combined with elastic band resistance exercise on patients with COPD: a randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018;2018:2361962.PubMedPubMedCentral
16.
go back to reference Zhou G, Yao X, Hua LI, Qiao LI. Discussion on internal relations between Liuzijue and core stability training of lumbar spine. Rehabil Med. 2016;26(4):47.CrossRef Zhou G, Yao X, Hua LI, Qiao LI. Discussion on internal relations between Liuzijue and core stability training of lumbar spine. Rehabil Med. 2016;26(4):47.CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Zheng L, zhang C, Xian-Kui WU, et al. Effects of fitness qigong six-character formula on cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure. Chinese journal of evidence-based cardiovascular medicine [in chinese]. 2017;9(6):659–62. Zheng L, zhang C, Xian-Kui WU, et al. Effects of fitness qigong six-character formula on cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure. Chinese journal of evidence-based cardiovascular medicine [in chinese]. 2017;9(6):659–62.
18.
go back to reference Liu XL, Chen S, Wang Y. Effects of health Qigong exercises on relieving symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5935782.PubMedPubMedCentral Liu XL, Chen S, Wang Y. Effects of health Qigong exercises on relieving symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5935782.PubMedPubMedCentral
19.
go back to reference Seong-Hun Y, Seong-Doo P. The effects of core stability strength exercise on muscle activity and Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. J Exerc Rehabil. 2013;9(3):362–7.CrossRef Seong-Hun Y, Seong-Doo P. The effects of core stability strength exercise on muscle activity and Trunk Impairment Scale in stroke patients. J Exerc Rehabil. 2013;9(3):362–7.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Hsieh YW, Lee YY, Wu CY, Lin KC. Use Fugl-Meyer assessment to determine appropriate and effective rehabilitation interventions for patients with stroke [abstract]. Physiotherapy. 2015;101(Suppl 1):e593–4.CrossRef Hsieh YW, Lee YY, Wu CY, Lin KC. Use Fugl-Meyer assessment to determine appropriate and effective rehabilitation interventions for patients with stroke [abstract]. Physiotherapy. 2015;101(Suppl 1):e593–4.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Takekawa T, Kakuda W, Uchiyama M, Ikegaya M, Abo M. Brain perfusion and upper limb motor function: a pilot study on the correlation between evolution of asymmetry in cerebral blood flow and improvement in Fugl-Meyer Assessment score after rTMS in chronic post-stroke patients. J Neuroradiol. 2014;41(3):177–83.CrossRef Takekawa T, Kakuda W, Uchiyama M, Ikegaya M, Abo M. Brain perfusion and upper limb motor function: a pilot study on the correlation between evolution of asymmetry in cerebral blood flow and improvement in Fugl-Meyer Assessment score after rTMS in chronic post-stroke patients. J Neuroradiol. 2014;41(3):177–83.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Ohura T, Hase K, Nakajima Y, Nakayama T. Validity and reliability of a performance evaluation tool based on the modified Barthel Index for stroke patients. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2017;17:131.CrossRef Ohura T, Hase K, Nakajima Y, Nakayama T. Validity and reliability of a performance evaluation tool based on the modified Barthel Index for stroke patients. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2017;17:131.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Blum L, Korner-Bitensky N. Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale in stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review. Phys Ther. 2008;88(5):559–66.CrossRef Blum L, Korner-Bitensky N. Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale in stroke rehabilitation: a systematic review. Phys Ther. 2008;88(5):559–66.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Liang JB, Zhang YL, Hui FF, Wan Q. Study on the acoustic characteristics of maximum length /a/ sound in common adults [in chinese]. Chin Sci J Hear Speech Rehabil. 2015(3):210–3. Liang JB, Zhang YL, Hui FF, Wan Q. Study on the acoustic characteristics of maximum length /a/ sound in common adults [in chinese]. Chin Sci J Hear Speech Rehabil. 2015(3):210–3.
25.
go back to reference Kim SJ, Jo U. Study of accent-based music speech protocol development for improving voice problems in stroke patients with mixed dysarthria. Neurorehabilitation. 2013;32(1):185–90.CrossRef Kim SJ, Jo U. Study of accent-based music speech protocol development for improving voice problems in stroke patients with mixed dysarthria. Neurorehabilitation. 2013;32(1):185–90.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Cho K, Lee K, Lee B, Lee H, Lee W. Relationship between postural sway and dynamic balance in stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014;26(12):1989–92.CrossRef Cho K, Lee K, Lee B, Lee H, Lee W. Relationship between postural sway and dynamic balance in stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2014;26(12):1989–92.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Lim HS, You LK, Lee SM. The effects of Pilates exercise training on static and dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(6):1819–24.CrossRef Lim HS, You LK, Lee SM. The effects of Pilates exercise training on static and dynamic balance in chronic stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(6):1819–24.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Pirompanich P, Romsaiyut S. Use of diaphragm thickening fraction combined with rapid shallow breathing index for predicting success of weaning from mechanical ventilator in medical patients. J Intensive Care. 2018;6:6.CrossRef Pirompanich P, Romsaiyut S. Use of diaphragm thickening fraction combined with rapid shallow breathing index for predicting success of weaning from mechanical ventilator in medical patients. J Intensive Care. 2018;6:6.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Ortega R, Téllez A, Leija L, Vera A. Measurement of ultrasonic properties of muscle and blood biological phantoms. Phys Procedia. 2010;3(1):627–34.CrossRef Ortega R, Téllez A, Leija L, Vera A. Measurement of ultrasonic properties of muscle and blood biological phantoms. Phys Procedia. 2010;3(1):627–34.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Jiang Y, Zou J. Analysis of the TCM theory of traditional Chinese health exercise. J Sport Health Sci. 2013;2(4):204–8.CrossRef Jiang Y, Zou J. Analysis of the TCM theory of traditional Chinese health exercise. J Sport Health Sci. 2013;2(4):204–8.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Mo LI. Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine health management system based on the theory of Chinese medicine [in chinese]. China Health Ind. 2016;13(01):91–3. Mo LI. Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine health management system based on the theory of Chinese medicine [in chinese]. China Health Ind. 2016;13(01):91–3.
32.
go back to reference Yang Y. On the Fitness Value of Chinese Fitness Qigong and the Requirements of the Times. Wushu Science. 2010;7(07):80–1. Yang Y. On the Fitness Value of Chinese Fitness Qigong and the Requirements of the Times. Wushu Science. 2010;7(07):80–1.
33.
go back to reference Ranganathan P, Pramesh CS, Aggarwal R. Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Intention-to-treat versus per-protocol analysis. Perspect Clin Res. 2016;7(3):144–6.CrossRef Ranganathan P, Pramesh CS, Aggarwal R. Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Intention-to-treat versus per-protocol analysis. Perspect Clin Res. 2016;7(3):144–6.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Hoffman JI, Guz A, Charlier AA, Wilcken DE. Stroke volume in conscious dogs; effect of respiration, posture, and vascular occlusion. J Appl Physiol. 1965;20(5):865–77.CrossRef Hoffman JI, Guz A, Charlier AA, Wilcken DE. Stroke volume in conscious dogs; effect of respiration, posture, and vascular occlusion. J Appl Physiol. 1965;20(5):865–77.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Lee DK, Kim SH. The effect of respiratory exercise on trunk control, pulmonary function, and trunk muscle activity in chronic stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2018;30(5):700–3.CrossRef Lee DK, Kim SH. The effect of respiratory exercise on trunk control, pulmonary function, and trunk muscle activity in chronic stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2018;30(5):700–3.CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Lee KB, Kim MK, Jeong JR, Lee WH. Reliability of an electronic inspiratory loading device for assessing pulmonary function in post-stroke patients. Med Sci Monit. 2016;22:191–6.CrossRef Lee KB, Kim MK, Jeong JR, Lee WH. Reliability of an electronic inspiratory loading device for assessing pulmonary function in post-stroke patients. Med Sci Monit. 2016;22:191–6.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Gui BS, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients’ respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef Gui BS, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients’ respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Song GB, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients’ respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef Song GB, Park EC. Effects of chest resistance exercise and chest expansion exercise on stroke patients’ respiratory function and trunk control ability. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27(6):1655–8.CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Nelson N. Diaphragmatic breathing: the foundation of core stability. Strength Cond J. 2012;34(5):34–40. Nelson N. Diaphragmatic breathing: the foundation of core stability. Strength Cond J. 2012;34(5):34–40.
40.
go back to reference Jandt SR, Caballero RM, Junior LA, Dias AS. Correlation between trunk control, respiratory muscle strength and spirometry in patients with stroke: an observational study. Physiother Res Int. 2011;16(4):218–24.CrossRef Jandt SR, Caballero RM, Junior LA, Dias AS. Correlation between trunk control, respiratory muscle strength and spirometry in patients with stroke: an observational study. Physiother Res Int. 2011;16(4):218–24.CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Li H, Li G, Liu G, Zhang Y. Liuzijue Qigong vs traditional breathing training for patients with post-stroke dysarthria complicated with abnormal respiratory control: study protocol of a single center randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2018;19:335.CrossRef Li H, Li G, Liu G, Zhang Y. Liuzijue Qigong vs traditional breathing training for patients with post-stroke dysarthria complicated with abnormal respiratory control: study protocol of a single center randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2018;19:335.CrossRef
42.
go back to reference Haruyama K, Kawakami M, Otsuka T. Effect of core stability training on trunk function, standing balance, and mobility in stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2017;31(3):240–9.CrossRef Haruyama K, Kawakami M, Otsuka T. Effect of core stability training on trunk function, standing balance, and mobility in stroke patients. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2017;31(3):240–9.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Effectiveness of LiuZiJue Qigong versus traditional core stability training for poststroke patients complicated with abnormal trunk postural control: study protocol for a single-center randomized controlled trial
Authors
Chen Wang
Long Yu
Jian Yang
Ren Wei Wang
Ya Nan Zheng
Ying Zhang
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Stroke
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-4117-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

Trials 1/2020 Go to the issue