How does the length of cardiopulmonary resuscitation affect brain damage in patients surviving cardiac arrest? A systematic review

go back to reference Martin E, McFerran T. Dictionary of nursing. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008. Martin E, McFerran T. Dictionary of nursing. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008.

go back to reference Berdowski J, Berg RA, Tijssen JGP, et al. Global incidences of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: systematic review of 67 prospective studies. Resuscitation 2010;81:1479-87 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.08.006.CrossRef Berdowski J, Berg RA, Tijssen JGP, et al. Global incidences of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: systematic review of 67 prospective studies. Resuscitation 2010;81:1479-87 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2010.​08.​006.CrossRef

go back to reference Safar P, Elam JO, Jude JR, et al. Resuscitative principles for sudden cardiopulmonary collapse. Chest. 1963;43:34–49. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.43.1.34.CrossRef Safar P, Elam JO, Jude JR, et al. Resuscitative principles for sudden cardiopulmonary collapse. Chest. 1963;43:34–49. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1378/​chest.​43.​1.​34.CrossRef

go back to reference Grubb NR. Managing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: 1. Neurological perspective. Heart. 2001;85:6–8. https://doi.org/10.1136/heart.85.1.6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Grubb NR. Managing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: 1. Neurological perspective. Heart. 2001;85:6–8. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1136/​heart.​85.​1.​6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference O'Neil BJ, Koehler RC, Neumar RW, et al. Global brain ischaemia and reperfusion. In: Paradis NA, Halperin HR, Kern KB, editors. Cardiac arrest: the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007. p. 236–81.CrossRef O'Neil BJ, Koehler RC, Neumar RW, et al. Global brain ischaemia and reperfusion. In: Paradis NA, Halperin HR, Kern KB, editors. Cardiac arrest: the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007. p. 236–81.CrossRef

go back to reference Hamann K, Beiser T, Vanden Hock TL. Global cellular ischaemia/reperfusion during cardiac arrest: critical stress responses and the postresuscitation syndrome. In: Paradis NA, Halperin HR, Kern KB, editors. Cardiac arrest: the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007. p. 51–69.CrossRef Hamann K, Beiser T, Vanden Hock TL. Global cellular ischaemia/reperfusion during cardiac arrest: critical stress responses and the postresuscitation syndrome. In: Paradis NA, Halperin HR, Kern KB, editors. Cardiac arrest: the science and practice of resuscitation medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2007. p. 51–69.CrossRef

go back to reference Nolan JP, Neumar RW, Adrie C, et al. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication: A Scientific Statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; the Council on Stroke. Resuscitation 2008;79:350–79 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.09.017.CrossRef Nolan JP, Neumar RW, Adrie C, et al. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication: A Scientific Statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; the Council on Stroke. Resuscitation 2008;79:350–79 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2008.​09.​017.CrossRef

go back to reference Wilson M, Staniforth A, Till R, et al. The psychosocial outcomes of anoxic brain injury following cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2014;85:795–800 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.02.008.CrossRef Wilson M, Staniforth A, Till R, et al. The psychosocial outcomes of anoxic brain injury following cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2014;85:795–800 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2014.​02.​008.CrossRef

go back to reference Moulaert VRMP, Wachelder EM, Verbunt JA, et al. Determinants of quality of life in survivors of cardiac arrest. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42:553–8. https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-0547.CrossRefPubMed Moulaert VRMP, Wachelder EM, Verbunt JA, et al. Determinants of quality of life in survivors of cardiac arrest. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42:553–8. https://​doi.​org/​10.​2340/​16501977-0547.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference van Alem AP, de Vos R, Schmand B, et al. Cognitive impairment in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Am Heart J 2004;148:416–21 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2004.01.031.CrossRef van Alem AP, de Vos R, Schmand B, et al. Cognitive impairment in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Am Heart J 2004;148:416–21 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​ahj.​2004.​01.​031.CrossRef

go back to reference Goto Y, Maeda T, Goto YN. Termination-of-resuscitation rule for emergency department physicians treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: an observational cohort study. Crit Care. 2013;17:R235. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc13058.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Goto Y, Maeda T, Goto YN. Termination-of-resuscitation rule for emergency department physicians treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: an observational cohort study. Crit Care. 2013;17:R235. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1186/​cc13058.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Soar J, Nolan JP, Böttiger BW, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 3. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation 2015;95:100–47 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.07.016.CrossRef Soar J, Nolan JP, Böttiger BW, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 3. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation 2015;95:100–47 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2015.​07.​016.CrossRef

go back to reference Adult advanced Life Support. 2015. Available at: https://www.resus.org.uk/resuscitation-guidelines/adult-advanced-life-support/. Accessed 29 Jan 2016. Adult advanced Life Support. 2015. Available at: https://​www.​resus.​org.​uk/​resuscitation-guidelines/​adult-advanced-life-support/​. Accessed 29 Jan 2016.

go back to reference Mancini ME, Diekema DS, Hoadley TA, et al. Part 3: ethical issues: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2015;132:S383–96. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000254.CrossRefPubMed Mancini ME, Diekema DS, Hoadley TA, et al. Part 3: ethical issues: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2015;132:S383–96. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1161/​CIR.​0000000000000254​.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Int. J. Surg. 2010;8:336–41 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007.CrossRef Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Int. J. Surg. 2010;8:336–41 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​ijsu.​2010.​02.​007.CrossRef

go back to reference Donoghue AJ, Nadkarni V, Berg RA, et al. Out-of-Hospital Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: An Epidemiologic Review and Assessment of Current Knowledge. Ann Emerg Med 2005;46:512–22 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.05.028.CrossRef Donoghue AJ, Nadkarni V, Berg RA, et al. Out-of-Hospital Pediatric Cardiac Arrest: An Epidemiologic Review and Assessment of Current Knowledge. Ann Emerg Med 2005;46:512–22 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​annemergmed.​2005.​05.​028.CrossRef

go back to reference Zwingmann J, Mehlhorn AT, Hammer T, et al. Survival and neurologic outcome after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest in a pediatric and adult population: a systematic review. Crit Care. 2012;16:R117. https://doi.org/10.1186/cc11410.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Zwingmann J, Mehlhorn AT, Hammer T, et al. Survival and neurologic outcome after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest in a pediatric and adult population: a systematic review. Crit Care. 2012;16:R117. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1186/​cc11410.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference National Institutes of Health. Quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. 2014. Available at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-pro/guidelines/in-develop/cardiovascular-risk-reduction/tools/cohort. Accessed 18 Feb 2016. National Institutes of Health. Quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies. 2014. Available at: http://​www.​nhlbi.​nih.​gov/​health-pro/​guidelines/​in-develop/​cardiovascular-risk-reduction/​tools/​cohort. Accessed 18 Feb 2016.

go back to reference Boland A, Cherry MG, Dickson R. Doing a systematic review: a student's guide. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2013. Boland A, Cherry MG, Dickson R. Doing a systematic review: a student's guide. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2013.

go back to reference Chan PS, Spertus JA, Krumholz HM, et al. A validated prediction tool for initial survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrest. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:947–53. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.2050.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Chan PS, Spertus JA, Krumholz HM, et al. A validated prediction tool for initial survivors of in-hospital cardiac arrest. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172:947–53. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1001/​archinternmed.​2012.​2050.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Constant A, Montlahuc C, Grimaldi D, et al. Predictors of functional outcome after intraoperative cardiac arrest. Anesthesiology. 2014;121:482–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000000313.CrossRefPubMed Constant A, Montlahuc C, Grimaldi D, et al. Predictors of functional outcome after intraoperative cardiac arrest. Anesthesiology. 2014;121:482–91. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1097/​ALN.​0000000000000313​.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Goldberger ZD, Chan PS, Berg RA, et al. Duration of resuscitation efforts and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study. Lancet 2012;380 North American Edition:1473,1481 9p https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60862-9.CrossRef Goldberger ZD, Chan PS, Berg RA, et al. Duration of resuscitation efforts and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study. Lancet 2012;380 North American Edition:1473,1481 9p https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​S0140-6736(12)60862-9.CrossRef

go back to reference Iqbal MB, Al-Hussaini A, Rosser G, et al. Predictors of survival and favourable functional outcomes after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients systematically brought to a dedicated heart attack center (from the Harefield cardiac arrest study). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:730–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.12.033.CrossRefPubMed Iqbal MB, Al-Hussaini A, Rosser G, et al. Predictors of survival and favourable functional outcomes after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients systematically brought to a dedicated heart attack center (from the Harefield cardiac arrest study). Am J Cardiol. 2015;115:730–7. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​amjcard.​2014.​12.​033.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Reynolds JC, Frisch A, Rittenberger JC, et al. Duration of resuscitation efforts and functional outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when should we change to novel therapies? Circulation. 2013;128:2488–94. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002408.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Reynolds JC, Frisch A, Rittenberger JC, et al. Duration of resuscitation efforts and functional outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when should we change to novel therapies? Circulation. 2013;128:2488–94. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1161/​CIRCULATIONAHA.​113.​002408.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Vancini-Campanharo CR, Vancini RL, de Lira CA, et al. One-year follow-up of neurological status of patients after cardiac arrest seen at the emergency room of a teaching hospital. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2015;13:183–8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082015AO3286.CrossRef Vancini-Campanharo CR, Vancini RL, de Lira CA, et al. One-year follow-up of neurological status of patients after cardiac arrest seen at the emergency room of a teaching hospital. Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2015;13:183–8. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1590/​S1679-45082015AO3286.CrossRef

go back to reference Xue JK, Leng QY, Gao YZ, et al. Factors influencing outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency department. World J Emerg Med. 2013;4:183–9. https://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2013.03.005.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Xue JK, Leng QY, Gao YZ, et al. Factors influencing outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency department. World J Emerg Med. 2013;4:183–9. https://​doi.​org/​10.​5847/​wjem.​j.​1920-8642.​2013.​03.​005.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Kaye P. Early prediction of individual outcome following cardiopulmonary resuscitation: systematic review. Emerg Med J. 2005;22:700–5. https://doi.org/10.1136/emj.2004.016253.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kaye P. Early prediction of individual outcome following cardiopulmonary resuscitation: systematic review. Emerg Med J. 2005;22:700–5. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1136/​emj.​2004.​016253.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Abe T, Tokuda Y, Cook EF. Time-based partitioning model for predicting neurologically favorable outcome among adults with witnessed bystander out-of-hospital CPA. PLoS One. 2011;6:e28581. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028581.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Abe T, Tokuda Y, Cook EF. Time-based partitioning model for predicting neurologically favorable outcome among adults with witnessed bystander out-of-hospital CPA. PLoS One. 2011;6:e28581. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1371/​journal.​pone.​0028581.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

go back to reference Grunau B, Reynolds JC, Scheuermeyer FX, et al. Comparing the prognosis of those with initial shockable and non-shockable rhythms with increasing durations of CPR: Informing minimum durations of resuscitation. Resuscitation 2016;101:50–6 doi:S0300–9572(16)00047–2. Grunau B, Reynolds JC, Scheuermeyer FX, et al. Comparing the prognosis of those with initial shockable and non-shockable rhythms with increasing durations of CPR: Informing minimum durations of resuscitation. Resuscitation 2016;101:50–6 doi:S0300–9572(16)00047–2.

go back to reference Matsuyama T, Kitamura T, Kiyohara K, Nishiyama C, Nishiuchi T, Hayashi Y, Kawamura T, Ohta B, Iwami T. Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration on neurologically favourable outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a population-based study in Japan. Resuscitation. 2017;113:1–7.CrossRef Matsuyama T, Kitamura T, Kiyohara K, Nishiyama C, Nishiuchi T, Hayashi Y, Kawamura T, Ohta B, Iwami T. Impact of cardiopulmonary resuscitation duration on neurologically favourable outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a population-based study in Japan. Resuscitation. 2017;113:1–7.CrossRef

go back to reference Storm C, Wutzler A, Trenkmann L, Krannich A, von Rheinbarben S, Luckenbach F, Nee J, Otto N, Schroeder T, Leithner C: Good neurological outcome despite very low regional cerebral oxygen saturation during resuscitation—a prospective preclinical trial in 29 patients. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2016, 24. Storm C, Wutzler A, Trenkmann L, Krannich A, von Rheinbarben S, Luckenbach F, Nee J, Otto N, Schroeder T, Leithner C: Good neurological outcome despite very low regional cerebral oxygen saturation during resuscitation—a prospective preclinical trial in 29 patients. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2016, 24.

go back to reference Parnia S, Yang J, Nguyen R, Ahn A, Zhu J, Inigo-Santiago L, Nasir A, Golder K, Ravishankar S, Bartlett P, Xu J, Pogson D, Cooke S, Walker C, Spearpoint K, Kitson D, Melody T, Chilwan M, Schoenfeld E, Richman P, Mills B, Wichtendahl N, Nolan J, Singer A, Brett S, Perkins G, Deakin C. Cerebral Oximetry during cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2016;44:1663–74.CrossRef Parnia S, Yang J, Nguyen R, Ahn A, Zhu J, Inigo-Santiago L, Nasir A, Golder K, Ravishankar S, Bartlett P, Xu J, Pogson D, Cooke S, Walker C, Spearpoint K, Kitson D, Melody T, Chilwan M, Schoenfeld E, Richman P, Mills B, Wichtendahl N, Nolan J, Singer A, Brett S, Perkins G, Deakin C. Cerebral Oximetry during cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med. 2016;44:1663–74.CrossRef

go back to reference Youness H, Al Halabi T, Hussein H, et al. Review and Outcome of Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Critical Care Research and Practice 2016. Youness H, Al Halabi T, Hussein H, et al. Review and Outcome of Prolonged Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Critical Care Research and Practice 2016.

go back to reference Resuscitation Council (UK). Comments on the duration of CPR following the publication of 'Duration of resuscitation efforts and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study' Goldberger ZD et al. Lancet. 2012. Available at: https://www.resus.org.uk/research/other-research/duration-of-resuscitation-efforts-and-survival-after-in-hospital/. Accessed 15 Feb 2016. Resuscitation Council (UK). Comments on the duration of CPR following the publication of 'Duration of resuscitation efforts and survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study' Goldberger ZD et al. Lancet. 2012. Available at: https://​www.​resus.​org.​uk/​research/​other-research/​duration-of-resuscitation-efforts-and-survival-after-in-hospital/​. Accessed 15 Feb 2016.

go back to reference Khan AM, Kirkpatrick JN, Yang L, et al. Age, sex, and hospital factors are associated with the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospitalized patients who do not experience sustained return of spontaneous circulation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e001044.CrossRef Khan AM, Kirkpatrick JN, Yang L, et al. Age, sex, and hospital factors are associated with the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in hospitalized patients who do not experience sustained return of spontaneous circulation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e001044.CrossRef

go back to reference Cha WC, Lee EJ, Hwang S. The duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency departments after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with the outcome: A nationwide observational study. Resuscitation 2015;96:323–7 doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.05.005.CrossRef Cha WC, Lee EJ, Hwang S. The duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency departments after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with the outcome: A nationwide observational study. Resuscitation 2015;96:323–7 doi:https://​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2015.​05.​005.CrossRef

go back to reference Perkins GD, Jacobs IG, Nadkarni VM, et al. Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcome Reports: Update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From a Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015;132:1286–300. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000144.CrossRefPubMed Perkins GD, Jacobs IG, Nadkarni VM, et al. Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcome Reports: Update of the Utstein Resuscitation Registry Templates for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From a Task Force of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, European Resuscitation Council, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa, Resuscitation Council of Asia); and the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee and the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Critical Care, Perioperative and Resuscitation. Circulation. 2015;132:1286–300. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1161/​CIR.​0000000000000144​.CrossRefPubMed

go back to reference Mak M, Moulaert VRM, Pijls RW, et al. Measuring outcome after cardiac arrest: construct validity of Cerebral Performance Category. Resuscitation 2016;100:6–10 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.12.005.CrossRef Mak M, Moulaert VRM, Pijls RW, et al. Measuring outcome after cardiac arrest: construct validity of Cerebral Performance Category. Resuscitation 2016;100:6–10 doi:http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2015.​12.​005.​CrossRef

go back to reference Rittenberger JC, Raina K, Holm MB, et al. Association between Cerebral Performance Category, Modified Rankin Scale, and discharge disposition after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2011;82:1036–1040 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.03.034.CrossRef Rittenberger JC, Raina K, Holm MB, et al. Association between Cerebral Performance Category, Modified Rankin Scale, and discharge disposition after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2011;82:1036–1040 doi:http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2011.​03.​034.​CrossRef

go back to reference Raina KD, Callaway C, Rittenberger JC, et al. Neurological and functional status following cardiac arrest: Method and tool utility. Resuscitation 2008;79:249–56 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.06.005.CrossRef Raina KD, Callaway C, Rittenberger JC, et al. Neurological and functional status following cardiac arrest: Method and tool utility. Resuscitation 2008;79:249–56 doi:http://​dx.​doi.​org/​10.​1016/​j.​resuscitation.​2008.​06.​005.​CrossRef

go back to reference Tan S, Leong B. Cardiac arrests within the emergency department: an Utstein style report, causation and survival factors. Eur J Emerg Med. 2018;25(1):12–17.PubMed Tan S, Leong B. Cardiac arrests within the emergency department: an Utstein style report, causation and survival factors. Eur J Emerg Med. 2018;25(1):12–17.PubMed

go back to reference Kim J, Kim K, Callaway C, Doh K, Choi J, Park J, Jo Y, Lee J. Dynamic prediction of patient outcomes during ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2017;111:127–33.CrossRef Kim J, Kim K, Callaway C, Doh K, Choi J, Park J, Jo Y, Lee J. Dynamic prediction of patient outcomes during ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation. 2017;111:127–33.CrossRef

go back to reference Balcı K, Balcı M, Şen F, Akboğa M, Kalender E, Yılmaz S: Predictors of neurologically Favourable survival among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a tertiary referral hospital experience. Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology 2017. Balcı K, Balcı M, Şen F, Akboğa M, Kalender E, Yılmaz S: Predictors of neurologically Favourable survival among patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a tertiary referral hospital experience. Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi Arsivi-Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology 2017.

go back to reference Chokengarmwong N, Ortiz L, Raja A, Goldstein J, Huang F, Yeh D. Outcome of patients receiving CPR in the ED of an urban academic hospital. Am J Emerg Med. 2016;34:1595–9.CrossRef Chokengarmwong N, Ortiz L, Raja A, Goldstein J, Huang F, Yeh D. Outcome of patients receiving CPR in the ED of an urban academic hospital. Am J Emerg Med. 2016;34:1595–9.CrossRef

go back to reference Wang C, Huang C, Chang W, Tsai M, Yu P, Wu Y, Chen W. Outcomes of adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest after implementation of the 2010 resuscitation guidelines. Int J Cardiol. 2017;11:11. Wang C, Huang C, Chang W, Tsai M, Yu P, Wu Y, Chen W. Outcomes of adults with in-hospital cardiac arrest after implementation of the 2010 resuscitation guidelines. Int J Cardiol. 2017;11:11.