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Journal of Ovarian Research
Published in: Journal of Ovarian Research 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Kallikrein family proteases KLK6 and KLK7 are potential early detection and diagnostic biomarkers for serous and papillary serous ovarian cancer subtypes

Authors: Ayala Tamir, Ushma Jag, Sreeja Sarojini, Craig Schindewolf, Takemi Tanaka, Rajendra Gharbaran, Hiren Patel, Anil Sood, Wei Hu, Ruzeen Patwa, Patrick Blake, Polina Chirina, Jin Oh Jeong, Heejin Lim, Andre Goy, Andrew Pecora, K Stephen Suh

Published in: Journal of Ovarian Research | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

Early detection of ovarian cancer remains a challenge due to widespread metastases and a lack of biomarkers for early-stage disease. This study was conducted to identify relevant biomarkers for both laparoscopic and serum diagnostics in ovarian cancer.

Methods

Bioinformatics analysis and expression screening in ovarian cancer cell lines were employed. Selected biomarkers were further validated in bio-specimens of diverse cancer types and ovarian cancer subtypes. For non-invasive detection, biomarker proteins were evaluated in serum samples from ovarian cancer patients.

Results

Two kallikrein (KLK) serine protease family members (KLK6 and KLK7) were found to be significantly overexpressed relative to normal controls in most of the ovarian cancer cell lines examined. Overexpression of KLK6 and KLK7 mRNA was specific to ovarian cancer, in particular to serous and papillary serous subtypes. In situ hybridization and histopathology further confirmed significantly elevated levels of KLK6 and KLK7 mRNA and proteins in tissue epithelium and a lack of expression in neighboring stroma. Lastly, KLK6 and KLK7 protein levels were significantly elevated in serum samples from serous and papillary serous subtypes in the early stages of ovarian cancer, and therefore could potentially decrease the high “false negative” rates found in the same patients with the common ovarian cancer biomarkers human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and cancer antigen 125 (CA-125).

Conclusion

KLK6 and KLK7 mRNA and protein overexpression is directly associated with early-stage ovarian tumors and can be measured in patient tissue and serum samples. Assays based on KLK6 and KLK7 expression may provide specific and sensitive information for early detection of ovarian cancer.
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Metadata
Title
Kallikrein family proteases KLK6 and KLK7 are potential early detection and diagnostic biomarkers for serous and papillary serous ovarian cancer subtypes
Authors
Ayala Tamir
Ushma Jag
Sreeja Sarojini
Craig Schindewolf
Takemi Tanaka
Rajendra Gharbaran
Hiren Patel
Anil Sood
Wei Hu
Ruzeen Patwa
Patrick Blake
Polina Chirina
Jin Oh Jeong
Heejin Lim
Andre Goy
Andrew Pecora
K Stephen Suh
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Ovarian Research / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1757-2215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-014-0109-z

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