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Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research

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01-12-2020 | Review

Mimicking tumor hypoxia and tumor-immune interactions employing three-dimensional in vitro models

Authors: Somshuvra Bhattacharya, Kristin Calar, Pilar de la Puente

Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

The heterogeneous tumor microenvironment (TME) is highly complex and not entirely understood. These complex configurations lead to the generation of oxygen-deprived conditions within the tumor niche, which modulate several intrinsic TME elements to promote immunosuppressive outcomes. Decoding these communications is necessary for designing effective therapeutic strategies that can effectively reduce tumor-associated chemotherapy resistance by employing the inherent potential of the immune system.

While classic two-dimensional in vitro research models reveal critical hypoxia-driven biochemical cues, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models more accurately replicate the TME-immune manifestations. In this study, we review various 3D cell culture models currently being utilized to foster an oxygen-deprived TME, those that assess the dynamics associated with TME–immune cell penetrability within the tumor-like spatial structure, and discuss state of the art 3D systems that attempt recreating hypoxia-driven TME-immune outcomes. We also highlight the importance of integrating various hallmarks, which collectively might influence the functionality of these 3D models.

This review strives to supplement perspectives to the quickly-evolving discipline that endeavors to mimic tumor hypoxia and tumor-immune interactions using 3D in vitro models.

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Title: Mimicking tumor hypoxia and tumor-immune interactions employing three-dimensional in vitro models
Authors: Somshuvra Bhattacharya
Kristin Calar
Pilar de la Puente
Publication date: 01-12-2020
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1756-9966
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-020-01583-1

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