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Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Review

Immunoregulatory functions and the therapeutic implications of GARP-TGF-β in inflammation and cancer

Authors: Alessandra Metelli, Mohammad Salem, Caroline H. Wallace, Bill X. Wu, Anqi Li, Xue Li, Zihai Li

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

GARP (glycoprotein-A repetitions predominant) is a type I transmembrane cell surface docking receptor for latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) that is abundantly expressed on regulatory T lymphocytes and platelets. GARP regulates the availability of membrane-bound latent TGF-β and modulates its activation. For this reason, GARP expression on immune and non-immune cells is involved in maintaining peripheral tolerance. It plays an important role in preventing inflammatory diseases such as allergy and graft versus host disease (GvHD). GARP is also frequently hijacked by cancer cells to promote oncogenesis. This review summarizes the most important features of GARP biology described to date including gene regulation, protein expression and mechanism in activating latent TGF-β, and the function of GARP in regulatory T cell biology and peripheral tolerance, as well as GARP’s increasingly recognized roles in platelet-mediated cancer immune evasion. The promise for GARP-targeted strategy as a novel immunotherapy of cancer is also highlighted.
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Metadata
Title
Immunoregulatory functions and the therapeutic implications of GARP-TGF-β in inflammation and cancer
Authors
Alessandra Metelli
Mohammad Salem
Caroline H. Wallace
Bill X. Wu
Anqi Li
Xue Li
Zihai Li
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-018-0570-z

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