Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Review

The role of B cell antigen receptors in mantle cell lymphoma

Authors: Michael Fichtner, Martin Dreyling, Mascha Binder, Martin Trepel

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by an aggressive clinical course and secondary resistance to currently available therapies in most cases. Therefore, despite recent advances in the treatment of this disease, it is still considered to be incurable in the majority of cases. MCL B cells retain their B cell antigen receptor (BCR) expression during and after neoplastic transformation. BCRs in MCL show distinct patterns of antigen selection and ongoing BCR signaling. However, little is known about the involved antigens and the mechanisms leading to lymphomagenesis and lymphoma progression in MCL. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have established a crucial role of the BCR and the potential of inhibiting its signaling in this disease. This has established the B cell antigen receptor signaling cascade as a very promising therapeutic target to improve outcome in MCL alone or in combination with chemo-immunotherapy in recent years.
Literature
6.
7.
go back to reference Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, et al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016;127:2375–90.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, et al. The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Blood. 2016;127:2375–90.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Nogai H, Dörken B, Lenz G. Pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:1803–11.PubMedCrossRef Nogai H, Dörken B, Lenz G. Pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:1803–11.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference The Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Classification Project. A clinical evaluation of the international lymphoma study group classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood. 1997;89:3909–18. The Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Classification Project. A clinical evaluation of the international lymphoma study group classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood. 1997;89:3909–18.
10.
go back to reference Vose JM. Mantle cell lymphoma: 2015 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and clinical management: mantle cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol. 2015;90:739–45.PubMedCrossRef Vose JM. Mantle cell lymphoma: 2015 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and clinical management: mantle cell lymphoma. Am J Hematol. 2015;90:739–45.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Tiemann M, Schrader C, Klapper W, Dreyling MH, Campo E, Norton A, et al. Histopathology, cell proliferation indices and clinical outcome in 304 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL): a clinicopathological study from the European MCL network. Br J Haematol. 2005;131:29–38.PubMedCrossRef Tiemann M, Schrader C, Klapper W, Dreyling MH, Campo E, Norton A, et al. Histopathology, cell proliferation indices and clinical outcome in 304 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL): a clinicopathological study from the European MCL network. Br J Haematol. 2005;131:29–38.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Dreyling M, Campo E, Hermine O, Jerkeman M, Le Gouill S, Rule S, et al. Newly diagnosed and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017;28:iv62–71.PubMedCrossRef Dreyling M, Campo E, Hermine O, Jerkeman M, Le Gouill S, Rule S, et al. Newly diagnosed and relapsed mantle cell lymphoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017;28:iv62–71.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Geisler CH, Kolstad A, Laurell A, Jerkeman M, Räty R, Andersen NS, et al. Nordic MCL2 trial update: six-year follow-up after intensive immunochemotherapy for untreated mantle cell lymphoma followed by BEAM or BEAC + autologous stem-cell support: still very long survival but late relapses do occur. Br J Haematol. 2012;158:355–62.PubMedCrossRef Geisler CH, Kolstad A, Laurell A, Jerkeman M, Räty R, Andersen NS, et al. Nordic MCL2 trial update: six-year follow-up after intensive immunochemotherapy for untreated mantle cell lymphoma followed by BEAM or BEAC + autologous stem-cell support: still very long survival but late relapses do occur. Br J Haematol. 2012;158:355–62.PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Hermine O, Hoster E, Walewski J, Bosly A, Stilgenbauer S, Thieblemont C, et al. Addition of high-dose cytarabine to immunochemotherapy before autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients aged 65 years or younger with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL younger): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial of the European mantle cell lymphoma network. Lancet Lond. Engl. 2016;388:565–75.CrossRef Hermine O, Hoster E, Walewski J, Bosly A, Stilgenbauer S, Thieblemont C, et al. Addition of high-dose cytarabine to immunochemotherapy before autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients aged 65 years or younger with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL younger): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial of the European mantle cell lymphoma network. Lancet Lond. Engl. 2016;388:565–75.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Romaguera JE, Khouri IF, Kantarjian HM, Hagemeister FB, Rodriguez MA, McLaughlin P, et al. Untreated aggressive mantle cell lymphoma: results with intensive chemotherapy without stem cell transplant in elderly patients. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2000;39:77–85.PubMedCrossRef Romaguera JE, Khouri IF, Kantarjian HM, Hagemeister FB, Rodriguez MA, McLaughlin P, et al. Untreated aggressive mantle cell lymphoma: results with intensive chemotherapy without stem cell transplant in elderly patients. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2000;39:77–85.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Dreyling M, Lenz G, Hoster E, Van Hoof A, Gisselbrecht C, Schmits R, et al. Early consolidation by myeloablative radiochemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission significantly prolongs progression-free survival in mantle-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the European MCL network. Blood. 2005;105:2677–84.PubMedCrossRef Dreyling M, Lenz G, Hoster E, Van Hoof A, Gisselbrecht C, Schmits R, et al. Early consolidation by myeloablative radiochemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in first remission significantly prolongs progression-free survival in mantle-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the European MCL network. Blood. 2005;105:2677–84.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Le Gouill S, Thieblemont C, Oberic L, Moreau A, Bouabdallah K, Dartigeas C, et al. Rituximab after autologous stem-cell transplantation in mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:1250–60.PubMedCrossRef Le Gouill S, Thieblemont C, Oberic L, Moreau A, Bouabdallah K, Dartigeas C, et al. Rituximab after autologous stem-cell transplantation in mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:1250–60.PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Lipsky A, Martin P. Bendamustine-rituximab in mantle cell lymphoma. Lancet Haematol. 2017;4:e2–3.PubMedCrossRef Lipsky A, Martin P. Bendamustine-rituximab in mantle cell lymphoma. Lancet Haematol. 2017;4:e2–3.PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Tam CS, Khouri IF. Autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation: rising therapeutic promise for mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2009;50:1239–48.PubMedCrossRef Tam CS, Khouri IF. Autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation: rising therapeutic promise for mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2009;50:1239–48.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Hombach J, Tsubata T, Leclercq L, Stappert H, Reth M. Molecular components of the B-cell antigen receptor complex of the IgM class. Nature. 1990;343:760–2.PubMedCrossRef Hombach J, Tsubata T, Leclercq L, Stappert H, Reth M. Molecular components of the B-cell antigen receptor complex of the IgM class. Nature. 1990;343:760–2.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Flaswinkel H, Reth M. Dual role of the tyrosine activation motif of the Ig-alpha protein during signal transduction via the B cell antigen receptor. EMBO J. 1994;13:83–9.PubMedCentralPubMed Flaswinkel H, Reth M. Dual role of the tyrosine activation motif of the Ig-alpha protein during signal transduction via the B cell antigen receptor. EMBO J. 1994;13:83–9.PubMedCentralPubMed
25.
go back to reference Tinguely A, Chemin G, Péron S, Sirac C, Reynaud S, Cogné M, et al. Cross talk between immunoglobulin heavy-chain transcription and RNA surveillance during B cell development. Mol Cell Biol. 2012;32:107–17.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Tinguely A, Chemin G, Péron S, Sirac C, Reynaud S, Cogné M, et al. Cross talk between immunoglobulin heavy-chain transcription and RNA surveillance during B cell development. Mol Cell Biol. 2012;32:107–17.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
26.
28.
go back to reference Ondrejka SL, Hsi ED. Pathology of B-cell lymphomas: diagnosis and biomarker discovery. Cancer Treat Res. 2015;165:27–50.PubMedCrossRef Ondrejka SL, Hsi ED. Pathology of B-cell lymphomas: diagnosis and biomarker discovery. Cancer Treat Res. 2015;165:27–50.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Uchimaru K, Taniguchi T, Yoshikawa M, Asano S, Arnold A, Fujita T, et al. Detection of Cyclin D1 (bcl-1, PRAD1) overexpression by a simple competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay in t(11; 14)(q13; q32)-bearing B-cell malignancies and/or mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 1997;89:965–74.PubMed Uchimaru K, Taniguchi T, Yoshikawa M, Asano S, Arnold A, Fujita T, et al. Detection of Cyclin D1 (bcl-1, PRAD1) overexpression by a simple competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay in t(11; 14)(q13; q32)-bearing B-cell malignancies and/or mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 1997;89:965–74.PubMed
31.
go back to reference Salaverria I, Zettl A, Beà S, Moreno V, Valls J, Hartmann E, et al. Specific secondary genetic alterations in mantle cell lymphoma provide prognostic information independent of the gene expression-based proliferation signature. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1216–22.CrossRef Salaverria I, Zettl A, Beà S, Moreno V, Valls J, Hartmann E, et al. Specific secondary genetic alterations in mantle cell lymphoma provide prognostic information independent of the gene expression-based proliferation signature. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1216–22.CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Fu K, Weisenburger DD, Greiner TC, Dave S, Wright G, Rosenwald A, et al. Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study based on gene expression profiling. Blood. 2005;106:4315–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Fu K, Weisenburger DD, Greiner TC, Dave S, Wright G, Rosenwald A, et al. Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study based on gene expression profiling. Blood. 2005;106:4315–21.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Salaverria I, Royo C, Carvajal-Cuenca A, Clot G, Navarro A, Valera A, et al. CCND2 rearrangements are the most frequent genetic events in cyclin D1(−) mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013;121:1394–402.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Salaverria I, Royo C, Carvajal-Cuenca A, Clot G, Navarro A, Valera A, et al. CCND2 rearrangements are the most frequent genetic events in cyclin D1(−) mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2013;121:1394–402.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Herens C, Lambert F, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Bisig B, Deusings C, de Leval L. Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma with cryptic t(12;14)(p13;q32) and cyclin D2 overexpression. Blood. 2008;111:1745–6.PubMedCrossRef Herens C, Lambert F, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Bisig B, Deusings C, de Leval L. Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma with cryptic t(12;14)(p13;q32) and cyclin D2 overexpression. Blood. 2008;111:1745–6.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Dölken G, Illerhaus G, Hirt C, Mertelsmann R. BCL-2/JH rearrangements in circulating B cells of healthy blood donors and patients with nonmalignant diseases. . J. Clin. Oncol. Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin Oncologia 1996;14:1333–1344. Dölken G, Illerhaus G, Hirt C, Mertelsmann R. BCL-2/JH rearrangements in circulating B cells of healthy blood donors and patients with nonmalignant diseases. . J. Clin. Oncol. Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin Oncologia 1996;14:1333–1344.
37.
go back to reference Limpens J, Stad R, Vos C, de Vlaam C, de Jong D, van Ommen GJ, et al. Lymphoma-associated translocation t(14;18) in blood B cells of normal individuals. Blood. 1995;85:2528–36.PubMed Limpens J, Stad R, Vos C, de Vlaam C, de Jong D, van Ommen GJ, et al. Lymphoma-associated translocation t(14;18) in blood B cells of normal individuals. Blood. 1995;85:2528–36.PubMed
39.
go back to reference Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, et al. Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000;403:503–11.PubMedCrossRef Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, et al. Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Nature. 2000;403:503–11.PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Davis RE, Brown KD, Siebenlist U, Staudt LM. Constitutive nuclear factor κB activity is required for survival of activated B cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphoma cells. J Exp Med. 2001;194:1861–74.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Davis RE, Brown KD, Siebenlist U, Staudt LM. Constitutive nuclear factor κB activity is required for survival of activated B cell-like diffuse large B cell lymphoma cells. J Exp Med. 2001;194:1861–74.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Davis RE, Ngo VN, Lenz G, Tolar P, Young R, Romesser PB, et al. Chronic active B cell receptor signaling in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Nature. 2010;463:88–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Davis RE, Ngo VN, Lenz G, Tolar P, Young R, Romesser PB, et al. Chronic active B cell receptor signaling in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Nature. 2010;463:88–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Hamblin TJ, Davis Z, Gardiner A, Oscier DG, Stevenson FK. Unmutated Ig VH genes are associated with a more aggressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1999;94:1848–54.PubMed Hamblin TJ, Davis Z, Gardiner A, Oscier DG, Stevenson FK. Unmutated Ig VH genes are associated with a more aggressive form of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1999;94:1848–54.PubMed
44.
go back to reference Agathangelidis A, Darzentas N, Hadzidimitriou A, Brochet X, Murray F, Yan X-J, et al. Stereotyped B-cell receptors in one-third of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a molecular classification with implications for targeted therapies. Blood. 2012;119:4467–75.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Agathangelidis A, Darzentas N, Hadzidimitriou A, Brochet X, Murray F, Yan X-J, et al. Stereotyped B-cell receptors in one-third of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a molecular classification with implications for targeted therapies. Blood. 2012;119:4467–75.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Binder M, Léchenne B, Ummanni R, Scharf C, Balabanov S, Trusch M, et al. Stereotypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell receptors recognize survival promoting antigens on stromal cells. PLoS One. 2010;5:e1e5992.CrossRef Binder M, Léchenne B, Ummanni R, Scharf C, Balabanov S, Trusch M, et al. Stereotypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia B-cell receptors recognize survival promoting antigens on stromal cells. PLoS One. 2010;5:e1e5992.CrossRef
46.
go back to reference Hadzidimitriou A, Agathangelidis A, Darzentas N, Murray F, Delfau-Larue M-H, Pedersen LB, et al. Is there a role for antigen selection in mantle cell lymphoma? Immunogenetic support from a series of 807 cases. Blood. 2011;118:3088–95.PubMedCrossRef Hadzidimitriou A, Agathangelidis A, Darzentas N, Murray F, Delfau-Larue M-H, Pedersen LB, et al. Is there a role for antigen selection in mantle cell lymphoma? Immunogenetic support from a series of 807 cases. Blood. 2011;118:3088–95.PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Catera R, Silverman GJ, Hatzi K, Seiler T, Didier S, Zhang L, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells recognize conserved epitopes associated with apoptosis and oxidation. Mol Med Camb Mass. 2008;14:665–74.PubMedCentralPubMed Catera R, Silverman GJ, Hatzi K, Seiler T, Didier S, Zhang L, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells recognize conserved epitopes associated with apoptosis and oxidation. Mol Med Camb Mass. 2008;14:665–74.PubMedCentralPubMed
48.
go back to reference Hervé M, Xu K, Ng Y-S, Wardemann H, Albesiano E, Messmer BT, et al. Unmutated and mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemias derive from self-reactive B cell precursors despite expressing different antibody reactivity. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:1636–43.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Hervé M, Xu K, Ng Y-S, Wardemann H, Albesiano E, Messmer BT, et al. Unmutated and mutated chronic lymphocytic leukemias derive from self-reactive B cell precursors despite expressing different antibody reactivity. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:1636–43.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Cha S-C, Qin H, Kannan S, Rawal S, Watkins LS, Baio FE, et al. Nonstereotyped lymphoma B cell receptors recognize vimentin as a shared autoantigen. J Immunol Baltim Md 1950. 2013;190:4887–98. Cha S-C, Qin H, Kannan S, Rawal S, Watkins LS, Baio FE, et al. Nonstereotyped lymphoma B cell receptors recognize vimentin as a shared autoantigen. J Immunol Baltim Md 1950. 2013;190:4887–98.
50.
go back to reference Chu CC, Catera R, Zhang L, Didier S, Agagnina BM, Damle RN, et al. Many chronic lymphocytic leukemia antibodies recognize apoptotic cells with exposed nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA: implications for patient outcome and cell of origin. Blood. 2010;115:3907–15.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Chu CC, Catera R, Zhang L, Didier S, Agagnina BM, Damle RN, et al. Many chronic lymphocytic leukemia antibodies recognize apoptotic cells with exposed nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA: implications for patient outcome and cell of origin. Blood. 2010;115:3907–15.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Myhrinder AL, Hellqvist E, Sidorova E, Söderberg A, Baxendale H, Dahle C, et al. A new perspective: molecular motifs on oxidized LDL, apoptotic cells, and bacteria are targets for chronic lymphocytic leukemia antibodies. Blood. 2008;111:3838–48.CrossRef Myhrinder AL, Hellqvist E, Sidorova E, Söderberg A, Baxendale H, Dahle C, et al. A new perspective: molecular motifs on oxidized LDL, apoptotic cells, and bacteria are targets for chronic lymphocytic leukemia antibodies. Blood. 2008;111:3838–48.CrossRef
52.
go back to reference Minden MD, Übelhart R, Schneider D, Wossning T, Bach MP, Buchner M, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is driven by antigen-independent cell-autonomous signalling. Nature. 2012;489:309–12.CrossRef Minden MD, Übelhart R, Schneider D, Wossning T, Bach MP, Buchner M, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is driven by antigen-independent cell-autonomous signalling. Nature. 2012;489:309–12.CrossRef
53.
go back to reference Binder M, Müller F, Frick M, Wehr C, Simon F, Leistler B, et al. CLL B-cell receptors can recognize themselves: alternative epitopes and structural clues for autostimulatory mechanisms in CLL. Blood. 2013;121:239–41.PubMedCrossRef Binder M, Müller F, Frick M, Wehr C, Simon F, Leistler B, et al. CLL B-cell receptors can recognize themselves: alternative epitopes and structural clues for autostimulatory mechanisms in CLL. Blood. 2013;121:239–41.PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Zhang J, Jima D, Moffitt AB, Liu Q, Czader M, Hsi ED, et al. The genomic landscape of mantle cell lymphoma is related to the epigenetically determined chromatin state of normal B cells. Blood. 2014;123:2988–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Zhang J, Jima D, Moffitt AB, Liu Q, Czader M, Hsi ED, et al. The genomic landscape of mantle cell lymphoma is related to the epigenetically determined chromatin state of normal B cells. Blood. 2014;123:2988–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Zhu D, McCarthy H, Ottensmeier CH, Johnson P, Hamblin TJ, Stevenson FK. Acquisition of potential N-glycosylation sites in the immunoglobulin variable region by somatic mutation is a distinctive feature of follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2002;99:2562–8.PubMedCrossRef Zhu D, McCarthy H, Ottensmeier CH, Johnson P, Hamblin TJ, Stevenson FK. Acquisition of potential N-glycosylation sites in the immunoglobulin variable region by somatic mutation is a distinctive feature of follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2002;99:2562–8.PubMedCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Radcliffe CM, Arnold JN, Suter DM, Wormald MR, Harvey DJ, Royle L, et al. Human follicular lymphoma cells contain oligomannose glycans in the antigen-binding site of the B-cell receptor. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:7405–15.PubMedCrossRef Radcliffe CM, Arnold JN, Suter DM, Wormald MR, Harvey DJ, Royle L, et al. Human follicular lymphoma cells contain oligomannose glycans in the antigen-binding site of the B-cell receptor. J Biol Chem. 2007;282:7405–15.PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Coelho V, Krysov S, Ghaemmaghami AM, Emara M, Potter KN, Johnson P, et al. Glycosylation of surface Ig creates a functional bridge between human follicular lymphoma and microenvironmental lectins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:18587–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Coelho V, Krysov S, Ghaemmaghami AM, Emara M, Potter KN, Johnson P, et al. Glycosylation of surface Ig creates a functional bridge between human follicular lymphoma and microenvironmental lectins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:18587–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Sabouri Z, Schofield P, Horikawa K, Spierings E, Kipling D, Randall KL, et al. Redemption of autoantibodies on anergic B cells by variable-region glycosylation and mutation away from self-reactivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:E2567–75.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Sabouri Z, Schofield P, Horikawa K, Spierings E, Kipling D, Randall KL, et al. Redemption of autoantibodies on anergic B cells by variable-region glycosylation and mutation away from self-reactivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:E2567–75.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Schneider D, Dühren-von Minden M, Alkhatib A, Setz C, van Bergen CAM, Benkißer-Petersen M, et al. Lectins from opportunistic bacteria interact with acquired variable-region glycans of surface immunoglobulin in follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2015;125:3287–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Schneider D, Dühren-von Minden M, Alkhatib A, Setz C, van Bergen CAM, Benkißer-Petersen M, et al. Lectins from opportunistic bacteria interact with acquired variable-region glycans of surface immunoglobulin in follicular lymphoma. Blood. 2015;125:3287–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Anderson LA, Landgren O, Engels EA. Common community acquired infections and subsequent risk of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2009;147:444–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Anderson LA, Landgren O, Engels EA. Common community acquired infections and subsequent risk of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2009;147:444–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Landgren O, Gridley G, Check D, Caporaso NE, Morris BL. Acquired immune-related and inflammatory conditions and subsequent chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2007;139:791–8.PubMedCrossRef Landgren O, Gridley G, Check D, Caporaso NE, Morris BL. Acquired immune-related and inflammatory conditions and subsequent chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2007;139:791–8.PubMedCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Landgren O, Rapkin JS, Caporaso NE, Mellemkjaer L, Gridley G, Goldin LR, et al. Respiratory tract infections and subsequent risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2007;109:2198–201.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Landgren O, Rapkin JS, Caporaso NE, Mellemkjaer L, Gridley G, Goldin LR, et al. Respiratory tract infections and subsequent risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2007;109:2198–201.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Pighi C, Gu T-L, Dalai I, Barbi S, Parolini C, Bertolaso A, et al. Phospho-proteomic analysis of mantle cell lymphoma cells suggests a pro-survival role of B-cell receptor signaling. Cell Oncol Dordr. 2011;34:141–53.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Pighi C, Gu T-L, Dalai I, Barbi S, Parolini C, Bertolaso A, et al. Phospho-proteomic analysis of mantle cell lymphoma cells suggests a pro-survival role of B-cell receptor signaling. Cell Oncol Dordr. 2011;34:141–53.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
64.
go back to reference Saba NS, Liu D, Herman SEM, Underbayev C, Tian X, Behrend D, et al. Pathogenic role of B-cell receptor signaling and canonical NF-κB activation in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2016;128:82–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Saba NS, Liu D, Herman SEM, Underbayev C, Tian X, Behrend D, et al. Pathogenic role of B-cell receptor signaling and canonical NF-κB activation in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2016;128:82–92.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Jerkeman M, Hallek M, Dreyling M, Thieblemont C, Kimby E, Staudt L. Targeting of B-cell receptor signalling in B-cell malignancies. J Intern Med. 2017. doi:10.1111/joim.12600 Jerkeman M, Hallek M, Dreyling M, Thieblemont C, Kimby E, Staudt L. Targeting of B-cell receptor signalling in B-cell malignancies. J Intern Med. 2017. doi:10.​1111/​joim.​12600
66.
go back to reference Rudelius M, Pittaluga S, Nishizuka S, Pham TH-T, Fend F, Jaffe ES, et al. Constitutive activation of Akt contributes to the pathogenesis and survival of mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2006;108:1668–76.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Rudelius M, Pittaluga S, Nishizuka S, Pham TH-T, Fend F, Jaffe ES, et al. Constitutive activation of Akt contributes to the pathogenesis and survival of mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2006;108:1668–76.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Myklebust JH, Brody J, Kohrt HE, Kolstad A, Czerwinski DK, Wälchli S, et al. Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in non-Hodgkin lymphomas identified by single-cell profiling. Blood. 2017;129:759–70.PubMedCrossRef Myklebust JH, Brody J, Kohrt HE, Kolstad A, Czerwinski DK, Wälchli S, et al. Distinct patterns of B-cell receptor signaling in non-Hodgkin lymphomas identified by single-cell profiling. Blood. 2017;129:759–70.PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Bertoni F, Ponzoni M. The cellular origin of mantle cell lymphoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39:1747–53.PubMedCrossRef Bertoni F, Ponzoni M. The cellular origin of mantle cell lymphoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39:1747–53.PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Bertoni F, Zucca E, Genini D, Cazzaniga G, Roggero E, Ghielmini M, et al. Immunoglobulin light chain kappa deletion rearrangement as a marker of clonality in mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 1999;36:147–50.PubMedCrossRef Bertoni F, Zucca E, Genini D, Cazzaniga G, Roggero E, Ghielmini M, et al. Immunoglobulin light chain kappa deletion rearrangement as a marker of clonality in mantle cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 1999;36:147–50.PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Schraders M, Oeschger S, Kluin PM, Hebeda K, Schuuring E, Groenen PJTA, et al. Hypermutation in mantle cell lymphoma does not indicate a clinical or biological subentity. Mod Pathol. 2009;22:416–25.PubMedCrossRef Schraders M, Oeschger S, Kluin PM, Hebeda K, Schuuring E, Groenen PJTA, et al. Hypermutation in mantle cell lymphoma does not indicate a clinical or biological subentity. Mod Pathol. 2009;22:416–25.PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Walsh SH, Thorsélius M, Johnson A, Söderberg O, Jerkeman M, Björck E, et al. Mutated VH genes and preferential VH3-21 use define new subsets of mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2003;101:4047–54.PubMedCrossRef Walsh SH, Thorsélius M, Johnson A, Söderberg O, Jerkeman M, Björck E, et al. Mutated VH genes and preferential VH3-21 use define new subsets of mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2003;101:4047–54.PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Navarro A, Clot G, Royo C, Jares P, Hadzidimitriou A, Agathangelidis A, et al. Molecular subsets of mantle cell lymphoma defined by the IGHV mutational status and SOX11 expression have distinct biologic and clinical features. Cancer Res. 2012;72:5307–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Navarro A, Clot G, Royo C, Jares P, Hadzidimitriou A, Agathangelidis A, et al. Molecular subsets of mantle cell lymphoma defined by the IGHV mutational status and SOX11 expression have distinct biologic and clinical features. Cancer Res. 2012;72:5307–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
73.
go back to reference Thorsélius M, Walsh S, Eriksson I, Thunberg U, Johnson A, Backlin C, et al. Somatic hypermutation and VH gene usage in mantle cell lymphoma. Eur J Haematol. 2002;68:217–24.PubMedCrossRef Thorsélius M, Walsh S, Eriksson I, Thunberg U, Johnson A, Backlin C, et al. Somatic hypermutation and VH gene usage in mantle cell lymphoma. Eur J Haematol. 2002;68:217–24.PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Camacho FI, Algara P, Rodrı́guez A, Ruı́z-Ballesteros E, Mollejo M, Martı́nez N, et al. Molecular heterogeneity in MCL defined by the use of specificV H genes and the frequency of somatic mutations. Blood. 2003;101:4042–6.PubMedCrossRef Camacho FI, Algara P, Rodrı́guez A, Ruı́z-Ballesteros E, Mollejo M, Martı́nez N, et al. Molecular heterogeneity in MCL defined by the use of specificV H genes and the frequency of somatic mutations. Blood. 2003;101:4042–6.PubMedCrossRef
75.
go back to reference Damle RN, Wasil T, Fais F, Ghiotto F, Valetto A, Allen SL, et al. Ig V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1999;94:1840–7.PubMed Damle RN, Wasil T, Fais F, Ghiotto F, Valetto A, Allen SL, et al. Ig V gene mutation status and CD38 expression as novel prognostic indicators in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 1999;94:1840–7.PubMed
76.
go back to reference Fichtner M, Spies E, Seismann H, Riecken K, Engels N, Gosch B, et al. Complementarity determining region-independent recognition of a superantigen by B-cell antigen receptors of mantle cell lymphoma. Haematologica. 2016;101:e378–81.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Fichtner M, Spies E, Seismann H, Riecken K, Engels N, Gosch B, et al. Complementarity determining region-independent recognition of a superantigen by B-cell antigen receptors of mantle cell lymphoma. Haematologica. 2016;101:e378–81.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
77.
go back to reference Loeffler M, Kreuz M, Haake A, Hasenclever D, Trautmann H, Arnold C, et al. Genomic and epigenomic co-evolution in follicular lymphomas. Leukemia. 2015;29:456–63.PubMedCrossRef Loeffler M, Kreuz M, Haake A, Hasenclever D, Trautmann H, Arnold C, et al. Genomic and epigenomic co-evolution in follicular lymphomas. Leukemia. 2015;29:456–63.PubMedCrossRef
78.
go back to reference Wardemann H, Yurasov S, Schaefer A, Young JW, Meffre E, Nussenzweig MC. Predominant autoantibody production by early human B cell precursors. Science. 2003;301:1374–7.PubMedCrossRef Wardemann H, Yurasov S, Schaefer A, Young JW, Meffre E, Nussenzweig MC. Predominant autoantibody production by early human B cell precursors. Science. 2003;301:1374–7.PubMedCrossRef
79.
go back to reference Xochelli A, Sutton L-A, Agathangelidis A, Stalika E, Karypidou M, Marantidou F, et al. Molecular evidence for antigen drive in the natural history of mantle cell lymphoma. Am J Pathol. 2015;185:1740–8.PubMedCrossRef Xochelli A, Sutton L-A, Agathangelidis A, Stalika E, Karypidou M, Marantidou F, et al. Molecular evidence for antigen drive in the natural history of mantle cell lymphoma. Am J Pathol. 2015;185:1740–8.PubMedCrossRef
80.
go back to reference Pouliou E, Xochelli A, Kanellis G, Stalika E, Sutton L-A, Navarro A, et al. Numerous ontogenetic roads to mantle cell lymphoma: Immunogenetic and Immunohistochemical evidence. Am J Pathol. 2017;187(7):1454–8.PubMedCrossRef Pouliou E, Xochelli A, Kanellis G, Stalika E, Sutton L-A, Navarro A, et al. Numerous ontogenetic roads to mantle cell lymphoma: Immunogenetic and Immunohistochemical evidence. Am J Pathol. 2017;187(7):1454–8.PubMedCrossRef
82.
go back to reference Silverman GJ, Goodyear CS. Confounding B-cell defences: lessons from a staphylococcal superantigen. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2006;6:465–75.PubMedCrossRef Silverman GJ, Goodyear CS. Confounding B-cell defences: lessons from a staphylococcal superantigen. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2006;6:465–75.PubMedCrossRef
83.
go back to reference Graille M, Stura EA, Corper AL, Sutton BJ, Taussig MJ, Charbonnier JB, et al. Crystal structure of a Staphylococcus aureus protein a domain complexed with the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody: structural basis for recognition of B-cell receptors and superantigen activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:5399–404.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Graille M, Stura EA, Corper AL, Sutton BJ, Taussig MJ, Charbonnier JB, et al. Crystal structure of a Staphylococcus aureus protein a domain complexed with the Fab fragment of a human IgM antibody: structural basis for recognition of B-cell receptors and superantigen activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:5399–404.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
84.
go back to reference Tashiro M, Montelione GT. Structures of bacterial immunoglobulin-binding domains and their complexes with immunoglobulins. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1995;5:471–81.PubMedCrossRef Tashiro M, Montelione GT. Structures of bacterial immunoglobulin-binding domains and their complexes with immunoglobulins. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 1995;5:471–81.PubMedCrossRef
86.
go back to reference van Belkum A, Melles DC, Nouwen J, van Leeuwen WB, van Wamel W, Vos MC, et al. Co-evolutionary aspects of human colonisation and infection by Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Genet Evol. 2009;9:32–47.PubMedCrossRef van Belkum A, Melles DC, Nouwen J, van Leeuwen WB, van Wamel W, Vos MC, et al. Co-evolutionary aspects of human colonisation and infection by Staphylococcus aureus. Infect Genet Evol. 2009;9:32–47.PubMedCrossRef
87.
go back to reference Kristiansen SV, Pascual V, Lipsky PE. Staphylococcal protein A induces biased production of Ig by VH3-expressing B lymphocytes. J. Immunol. Baltim. Md 1950. 1994;153:2974–82. Kristiansen SV, Pascual V, Lipsky PE. Staphylococcal protein A induces biased production of Ig by VH3-expressing B lymphocytes. J. Immunol. Baltim. Md 1950. 1994;153:2974–82.
88.
go back to reference Baptista MJ, Calpe E, Fernandez E, Colomo L, Cardesa-Salzmann TM, Abrisqueta P, et al. Analysis of the IGHV region in Burkitt’s lymphomas supports a germinal center origin and a role for superantigens in lymphomagenesis. Leuk Res. 2014;38:509–15.PubMedCrossRef Baptista MJ, Calpe E, Fernandez E, Colomo L, Cardesa-Salzmann TM, Abrisqueta P, et al. Analysis of the IGHV region in Burkitt’s lymphomas supports a germinal center origin and a role for superantigens in lymphomagenesis. Leuk Res. 2014;38:509–15.PubMedCrossRef
89.
go back to reference Murray F, Darzentas N, Hadzidimitriou A, Tobin G, Boudjogra M, Scielzo C, et al. Stereotyped patterns of somatic hypermutation in subsets of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for the role of antigen selection in leukemogenesis. Blood. 2008;111:1524–33.PubMedCrossRef Murray F, Darzentas N, Hadzidimitriou A, Tobin G, Boudjogra M, Scielzo C, et al. Stereotyped patterns of somatic hypermutation in subsets of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for the role of antigen selection in leukemogenesis. Blood. 2008;111:1524–33.PubMedCrossRef
90.
go back to reference Goodyear CS, Silverman GJ. Death by a B cell superantigen: in vivo VH-targeted apoptotic supraclonal B cell deletion by a staphylococcal toxin. J Exp Med. 2003;197:1125–39.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Goodyear CS, Silverman GJ. Death by a B cell superantigen: in vivo VH-targeted apoptotic supraclonal B cell deletion by a staphylococcal toxin. J Exp Med. 2003;197:1125–39.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
91.
go back to reference Graille M, Stura EA, Housden NG, Beckingham JA, Bottomley SP, Beale D, et al. Complex between Peptostreptococcus magnus protein L and a human antibody reveals structural convergence in the interaction modes of Fab binding proteins. Struct Lond Engl 1993. 2001;9:679–87. Graille M, Stura EA, Housden NG, Beckingham JA, Bottomley SP, Beale D, et al. Complex between Peptostreptococcus magnus protein L and a human antibody reveals structural convergence in the interaction modes of Fab binding proteins. Struct Lond Engl 1993. 2001;9:679–87.
92.
go back to reference Potter KN, Hobby P, Klijn S, Stevenson FK, Sutton BJ. Evidence for involvement of a hydrophobic patch in framework region 1 of human V4-34-encoded Igs in recognition of the red blood cell I antigen. J Immunol. 2002;169:3777–82. Potter KN, Hobby P, Klijn S, Stevenson FK, Sutton BJ. Evidence for involvement of a hydrophobic patch in framework region 1 of human V4-34-encoded Igs in recognition of the red blood cell I antigen. J Immunol. 2002;169:3777–82.
93.
go back to reference Maloney DG, Grillo-López AJ, White CA, Bodkin D, Schilder RJ, Neidhart JA, et al. IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low-grade non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma. Blood. 1997;90:2188–95.PubMed Maloney DG, Grillo-López AJ, White CA, Bodkin D, Schilder RJ, Neidhart JA, et al. IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low-grade non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma. Blood. 1997;90:2188–95.PubMed
94.
go back to reference Dotan E, Aggarwal C, Smith MR. Impact of Rituximab (Rituxan) on the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Pharm Ther. 2010;35:148–57. Dotan E, Aggarwal C, Smith MR. Impact of Rituximab (Rituxan) on the treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Pharm Ther. 2010;35:148–57.
95.
go back to reference Lenz G, Dreyling M, Hoster E, Wörmann B, Dührsen U, Metzner B, et al. Immunochemotherapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone significantly improves response and time to treatment failure, but not long-term outcome in patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the German low grade lymphoma study group (GLSG). J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2005;23:1984–92.CrossRef Lenz G, Dreyling M, Hoster E, Wörmann B, Dührsen U, Metzner B, et al. Immunochemotherapy with rituximab and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone significantly improves response and time to treatment failure, but not long-term outcome in patients with previously untreated mantle cell lymphoma: results of a prospective randomized trial of the German low grade lymphoma study group (GLSG). J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2005;23:1984–92.CrossRef
96.
go back to reference Burger JA, Tedeschi A, Barr PM, Robak T, Owen C, Ghia P, et al. Ibrutinib as initial therapy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2425–37.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Burger JA, Tedeschi A, Barr PM, Robak T, Owen C, Ghia P, et al. Ibrutinib as initial therapy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:2425–37.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
97.
go back to reference Wilson WH, Young RM, Schmitz R, Yang Y, Pittaluga S, Wright G, et al. Targeting B cell receptor signaling with ibrutinib in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Nat Med. 2015;21:922–6.PubMedCrossRef Wilson WH, Young RM, Schmitz R, Yang Y, Pittaluga S, Wright G, et al. Targeting B cell receptor signaling with ibrutinib in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Nat Med. 2015;21:922–6.PubMedCrossRef
98.
99.
go back to reference Rinaldi A, Kwee I, Taborelli M, Largo C, Uccella S, Martin V, et al. Genomic and expression profiling identifies the B-cell associated tyrosine kinase Syk as a possible therapeutic target in mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2006;132:303–16.PubMedCrossRef Rinaldi A, Kwee I, Taborelli M, Largo C, Uccella S, Martin V, et al. Genomic and expression profiling identifies the B-cell associated tyrosine kinase Syk as a possible therapeutic target in mantle cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol. 2006;132:303–16.PubMedCrossRef
100.
go back to reference Friedberg JW, Sharman J, Sweetenham J, Johnston PB, Vose JM, LaCasce A, et al. Inhibition of Syk with fostamatinib disodium has significant clinical activity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2010;115:2578–85.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Friedberg JW, Sharman J, Sweetenham J, Johnston PB, Vose JM, LaCasce A, et al. Inhibition of Syk with fostamatinib disodium has significant clinical activity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2010;115:2578–85.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
101.
102.
go back to reference Cinar M, Hamedani F, Mo Z, Cinar B, Amin HM, Alkan S. Bruton tyrosine kinase is commonly overexpressed in mantle cell lymphoma and its attenuation by Ibrutinib induces apoptosis. Leuk Res. 2013;37:1271–7.PubMedCrossRef Cinar M, Hamedani F, Mo Z, Cinar B, Amin HM, Alkan S. Bruton tyrosine kinase is commonly overexpressed in mantle cell lymphoma and its attenuation by Ibrutinib induces apoptosis. Leuk Res. 2013;37:1271–7.PubMedCrossRef
103.
go back to reference Herman SEM, Gordon AL, Hertlein E, Ramanunni A, Zhang X, Jaglowski S, et al. Bruton tyrosine kinase represents a promising therapeutic target for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is effectively targeted by PCI-32765. Blood. 2011;117:6287–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Herman SEM, Gordon AL, Hertlein E, Ramanunni A, Zhang X, Jaglowski S, et al. Bruton tyrosine kinase represents a promising therapeutic target for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is effectively targeted by PCI-32765. Blood. 2011;117:6287–96.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
104.
go back to reference Pan Z, Scheerens H, Li S-J, Schultz BE, Sprengeler PA, Burrill LC, et al. Discovery of selective irreversible inhibitors for Bruton’s tyrosine kinase. ChemMedChem. 2007;2:58–61.PubMedCrossRef Pan Z, Scheerens H, Li S-J, Schultz BE, Sprengeler PA, Burrill LC, et al. Discovery of selective irreversible inhibitors for Bruton’s tyrosine kinase. ChemMedChem. 2007;2:58–61.PubMedCrossRef
105.
go back to reference Wang ML, Rule S, Martin P, Goy A, Auer R, Kahl BS, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:507–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Wang ML, Rule S, Martin P, Goy A, Auer R, Kahl BS, et al. Targeting BTK with ibrutinib in relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:507–16.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
106.
go back to reference Hendriks RW, Yuvaraj S, Kil LP. Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in B cell malignancies. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014;14:219–32.PubMedCrossRef Hendriks RW, Yuvaraj S, Kil LP. Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in B cell malignancies. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014;14:219–32.PubMedCrossRef
107.
go back to reference Advani RH, Buggy JJ, Sharman JP, Smith SM, Boyd TE, Grant B, et al. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (PCI-32765) has significant activity in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol. Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin Oncologia 2013;31:88–94. Advani RH, Buggy JJ, Sharman JP, Smith SM, Boyd TE, Grant B, et al. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (PCI-32765) has significant activity in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies. J. Clin. Oncol. Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin Oncologia 2013;31:88–94.
108.
go back to reference Dreyling M, Jurczak W, Jerkeman M, Silva RS, Rusconi C, Trneny M, et al. Ibrutinib versus temsirolimus in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma: an international, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2016;387:770–8.CrossRef Dreyling M, Jurczak W, Jerkeman M, Silva RS, Rusconi C, Trneny M, et al. Ibrutinib versus temsirolimus in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma: an international, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Lond Engl. 2016;387:770–8.CrossRef
109.
go back to reference Rahal R, Frick M, Romero R, Korn JM, Kridel R, Chun Chan F, et al. Pharmacological and genomic profiling identifies NF-κB-targeted treatment strategies for mantle cell lymphoma. Nat Med. 2014;20:87–92.PubMedCrossRef Rahal R, Frick M, Romero R, Korn JM, Kridel R, Chun Chan F, et al. Pharmacological and genomic profiling identifies NF-κB-targeted treatment strategies for mantle cell lymphoma. Nat Med. 2014;20:87–92.PubMedCrossRef
110.
go back to reference Martin P, Maddocks K, Leonard JP, Ruan J, Goy A, Wagner-Johnston N, et al. Postibrutinib outcomes in patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2016;127:1559–63.PubMedCrossRef Martin P, Maddocks K, Leonard JP, Ruan J, Goy A, Wagner-Johnston N, et al. Postibrutinib outcomes in patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2016;127:1559–63.PubMedCrossRef
111.
go back to reference Bojarczuk K, Bobrowicz M, Dwojak M, Miazek N, Zapala P, Bunes A, et al. B-cell receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2015;55:255–65.PubMedCrossRef Bojarczuk K, Bobrowicz M, Dwojak M, Miazek N, Zapala P, Bunes A, et al. B-cell receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2015;55:255–65.PubMedCrossRef
112.
go back to reference Kahl BS, Spurgeon SE, Furman RR, Flinn IW, Coutre SE, Brown JR, et al. A phase 1 study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Blood. 2014;123:3398–405.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Kahl BS, Spurgeon SE, Furman RR, Flinn IW, Coutre SE, Brown JR, et al. A phase 1 study of the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib in patients with relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Blood. 2014;123:3398–405.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
113.
go back to reference Dreyling M, Morschhauser F, Bouabdallah K, Bron D, Cunningham D, Assouline SE, et al. Phase II study of copanlisib, a PI3K inhibitor, in relapsed or refractory, indolent or aggressive lymphoma. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2017;28(9):2169–78.CrossRef Dreyling M, Morschhauser F, Bouabdallah K, Bron D, Cunningham D, Assouline SE, et al. Phase II study of copanlisib, a PI3K inhibitor, in relapsed or refractory, indolent or aggressive lymphoma. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol. 2017;28(9):2169–78.CrossRef
114.
go back to reference Hoster E, Dreyling M, Klapper W, Gisselbrecht C, van Hoof A, Kluin-Nelemans HC, et al. A new prognostic index (MIPI) for patients with advanced-stage mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2008;111:558–65.PubMedCrossRef Hoster E, Dreyling M, Klapper W, Gisselbrecht C, van Hoof A, Kluin-Nelemans HC, et al. A new prognostic index (MIPI) for patients with advanced-stage mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2008;111:558–65.PubMedCrossRef
115.
go back to reference Hoster E, Rosenwald A, Berger F, Bernd H-W, Hartmann S, Loddenkemper C, et al. Prognostic value of Ki-67 index, cytology, and growth pattern in mantle-cell lymphoma: results from randomized trials of the European mantle cell lymphoma network. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2016;34:1386–94.CrossRef Hoster E, Rosenwald A, Berger F, Bernd H-W, Hartmann S, Loddenkemper C, et al. Prognostic value of Ki-67 index, cytology, and growth pattern in mantle-cell lymphoma: results from randomized trials of the European mantle cell lymphoma network. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2016;34:1386–94.CrossRef
116.
go back to reference Wu Y-C, Kipling D, Leong HS, Martin V, Ademokun AA, Dunn-Walters DK. High-throughput immunoglobulin repertoire analysis distinguishes between human IgM memory and switched memory B-cell populations. Blood. 2010;116:1070–8. Wu Y-C, Kipling D, Leong HS, Martin V, Ademokun AA, Dunn-Walters DK. High-throughput immunoglobulin repertoire analysis distinguishes between human IgM memory and switched memory B-cell populations. Blood. 2010;116:1070–8.
Metadata
Title
The role of B cell antigen receptors in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors
Michael Fichtner
Martin Dreyling
Mascha Binder
Martin Trepel
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-017-0533-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2017 Go to the issue
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine