Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Hematology & Oncology
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer

Authors: Shikhar Mehrotra, Carolyn D. Britten, Steve Chin, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Colleen A. Cloud, Mingli Li, Gina Scurti, Mohamed L. Salem, Michelle H. Nelson, Melanie B. Thomas, Chrystal M. Paulos, Andres M. Salazar, Michael I. Nishimura, Mark P. Rubinstein, Zihai Li, David J. Cole

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Dendritic cells (DCs) enhance the quality of anti-tumor immune response in patients with cancer. Thus, we posit that DC-based immunotherapy, in conjunction with toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 agonist poly-ICLC, is a promising approach for harnessing immunity against metastatic or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC).

Methods

We generated autologous DCs from the peripheral blood of HLA-A2+ patients with PC. DCs were pulsed with three distinct A2-restricted peptides: 1) human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT, TERT572Y), 2) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; Cap1-6D), and 3) survivin (SRV.A2). Patients received four intradermal injections of 1 × 107 peptide-pulsed DC vaccines every 2 weeks (Day 0, 14, 28, and 42). Concurrently, patients received intramuscular administration of Poly-ICLC at 30 μg/Kg on vaccination days (i.e., day 0, 14, 28, and 42), as well as on days 3, 17, 21, 31, 37, and 45. Our key objective was to assess safety and feasibility. The effect of DC vaccination on immune response was measured at each DC injection time point by enumerating the phenotype and function of patient T cells.

Results

Twelve patients underwent apheresis: nine patients with metastatic disease, and three patients with locally advanced unresectable disease. Vaccines were successfully manufactured from all individuals. We found that this treatment was well-tolerated, with the most common symptoms being fatigue and/or self-limiting flu-like symptoms. Among the eight patients who underwent imaging on day 56, four patients experienced stable disease while four patients had disease progression. The median overall survival was 7.7 months. One patient survived for 28 months post leukapheresis. MHC class I –tetramer analysis before and after vaccination revealed effective generation of antigen-specific T cells in three patients with stable disease.

Conclusion

Vaccination with peptide-pulsed DCs in combination with poly-ICLC is safe and induces a measurable tumor specific T cell population in patients with advanced PC.

Trial registration

NCT01410968; Name of registry: clinicaltrials.gov; Date of registration: 08/04/2011).
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
2.
Rahib L, Smith BD, Aizenberg R, Rosenzweig AB, Fleshman JM, Matrisian LM. Projecting cancer incidence and deaths to 2030: the unexpected burden of thyroid, liver, and pancreas cancers in the United States. Cancer Res. 2014;74:2913–21.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Conroy T, Desseigne F, Ychou M, Bouche O, Guimbaud R, Becouarn Y, Adenis A, Raoul JL, Gourgou-Bourgade S, de la Fouchardiere C, Bennouna J, Bachet JB, Khemissa-Akouz F, Pere-Verge D, Delbaldo C, Assenat E, Chauffert B, Michel P, Montoto-Grillot C, Ducreux M, Groupe Tumeurs Digestives of U, and Intergroup P. FOLFIRINOX versus gemcitabine for metastatic pancreatic cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:1817–25.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Von Hoff DD, Ervin T, Arena FP, Chiorean EG, Infante J, Moore M, Seay T, Tjulandin SA, Ma WW, Saleh MN, Harris M, Reni M, Dowden S, Laheru D, Bahary N, Ramanathan RK, Tabernero J, Hidalgo M, Goldstein D, Van Cutsem E, Wei X, Iglesias J, Renschler MF. Increased survival in pancreatic cancer with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1691–703.CrossRef
5.
Kundranda M, Kachaamy T. Promising new therapies in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Future Oncol. 2014;10:2629–41.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Akinleye A, Iragavarapu C, Furqan M, Cang S, Liu D. Novel agents for advanced pancreatic cancer. Oncotarget. 2015;6:39521–37.PubMedPubMedCentral
7.
Moore MJ, Goldstein D, Hamm J, Figer A, Hecht JR, Gallinger S, Au HJ, Murawa P, Walde D, Wolff RA, Campos D, Lim R, Ding K, Clark G, Voskoglou-Nomikos T, Ptasynski M, Parulekar W, National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials G. Erlotinib plus gemcitabine compared with gemcitabine alone in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase III trial of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:1960–6.CrossRefPubMed
8.
9.
Delitto D, Wallet SM, Hughes SJ. Targeting tumor tolerance: a new hope for pancreatic cancer therapy? Pharmacol Ther. 2016;166:9-29.
10.
11.
Vernon PJ, Loux TJ, Schapiro NE, Kang R, Muthuswamy R, Kalinski P, Tang D, Lotze MT, Zeh 3rd HJ. The receptor for advanced glycation end products promotes pancreatic carcinogenesis and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. J Immunol. 2013;190:1372–9.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Le DT, Wang-Gillam A, Picozzi V, Greten TF, Crocenzi T, Springett G, Morse M, Zeh H, Cohen D, Fine RL, Onners B, Uram JN, Laheru DA, Lutz ER, Solt S, Murphy AL, Skoble J, Lemmens E, Grous J, Dubensky Jr T, Brockstedt DG, Jaffee EM. Safety and survival with GVAX pancreas prime and Listeria Monocytogenes-expressing mesothelin (CRS-207) boost vaccines for metastatic pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:1325–33.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Steinman RM. Decisions about dendritic cells: past, present, and future. Annu Rev Immunol. 2012;30:1–22.CrossRefPubMed
14.
15.
Salem ML. The use of dendritic cells for peptide-based vaccination in cancer immunotherapy. Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1139:479–503.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Mac Keon S, Ruiz MS, Gazzaniga S, Wainstok R. Dendritic cell-based vaccination in cancer: therapeutic implications emerging from murine models. Front Immunol. 2015;6:243.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Anguille S, Smits EL, Lion E, van Tendeloo VF, Berneman ZN. Clinical use of dendritic cells for cancer therapy. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e257–67.CrossRefPubMed
18.
19.
Constantino J, Gomes C, Falcao A, Cruz MT, Neves BM. Antitumor dendritic cell-based vaccines: lessons from 20 years of clinical trials and future perspectives. Transl Res. 2016;168:74–95.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Salem ML, Diaz-Montero CM, Al-Khami AA, El-Naggar SA, Naga O, Montero AJ, Khafagy A, Cole DJ. Recovery from cyclophosphamide-induced lymphopenia results in expansion of immature dendritic cells which can mediate enhanced prime-boost vaccination antitumor responses in vivo when stimulated with the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C). J Immunol. 2009;182:2030–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Levy HB, Baer G, Baron S, Buckler CE, Gibbs CJ, Iadarola MJ, London WT, Rice J. A modified polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex that induces interferon in primates. J Infect Dis. 1975;132:434–9.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Martins KA, Bavari S, Salazar AM. Vaccine adjuvant uses of poly-IC and derivatives. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2015;14:447–59.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Prins RM, Soto H, Konkankit V, Odesa SK, Eskin A, Yong WH, Nelson SF, Liau LM. Gene expression profile correlates with T-cell infiltration and relative survival in glioblastoma patients vaccinated with dendritic cell immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2011;17:1603–15.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Okada H, Kalinski P, Ueda R, Hoji A, Kohanbash G, Donegan TE, Mintz AH, Engh JA, Bartlett DL, Brown CK, Zeh H, Holtzman MP, Reinhart TA, Whiteside TL, Butterfield LH, Hamilton RL, Potter DM, Pollack IF, Salazar AM, Lieberman FS. Induction of CD8+ T-cell responses against novel glioma-associated antigen peptides and clinical activity by vaccinations with {alpha}-type 1 polarized dendritic cells and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized by lysine and carboxymethylcellulose in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:330–6.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Scardino A, Gross DA, Alves P, Schultze JL, Graff-Dubois S, Faure O, Tourdot S, Chouaib S, Nadler LM, Lemonnier FA, Vonderheide RH, Cardoso AA, Kosmatopoulos K. HER-2/neu and hTERT cryptic epitopes as novel targets for broad spectrum tumor immunotherapy. J Immunol. 2002;168:5900–6.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Hernandez J, Garcia-Pons F, Lone YC, Firat H, Schmidt JD, Langlade-Demoyen P, Zanetti M. Identification of a human telomerase reverse transcriptase peptide of low affinity for HLA A2.1 that induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes and mediates lysis of tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99:12275–80.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
27.
Bolonaki I, Kotsakis A, Papadimitraki E, Aggouraki D, Konsolakis G, Vagia A, Christophylakis C, Nikoloudi I, Magganas E, Galanis A, Cordopatis P, Kosmatopoulos K, Georgoulias V, Mavroudis D. Vaccination of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with an optimized cryptic human telomerase reverse transcriptase peptide. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:2727–34.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Jaffe CC. Measures of response: RECIST, WHO, and new alternatives. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:3245–51.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Michaelis LC, Ratain MJ. Measuring response in a post-RECIST world: from black and white to shades of grey. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006;6:409–14.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Babatz J, Rollig C, Lobel B, Folprecht G, Haack M, Gunther H, Kohne CH, Ehninger G, Schmitz M, Bornhauser M. Induction of cellular immune responses against carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with metastatic tumors after vaccination with altered peptide ligand-loaded dendritic cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2006;55:268–76.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Otto K, Andersen MH, Eggert A, Keikavoussi P, Pedersen LO, Rath JC, Bock M, Brocker EB, Straten PT, Kampgen E, Becker JC. Lack of toxicity of therapy-induced T cell responses against the universal tumour antigen survivin. Vaccine. 2005;23:884–9.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Karanikas V, Soukou F, Kalala F, Kerenidi T, Grammoustianou ES, Gourgoulianis KI, Germenis AE. Baseline levels of CD8+ T cells against survivin and survivin-2B in the blood of lung cancer patients and cancer-free individuals. Clin Immunol. 2008;129:230–40.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Casati C, Dalerba P, Rivoltini L, Gallino G, Deho P, Rini F, Belli F, Mezzanzanica D, Costa A, Andreola S, Leo E, Parmiani G, Castelli C. The apoptosis inhibitor protein survivin induces tumor-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Res. 2003;63:4507–15.PubMed
34.
Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, Dancey J, Arbuck S, Gwyther S, Mooney M, Rubinstein L, Shankar L, Dodd L, Kaplan R, Lacombe D, Verweij J. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:228–47.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Weder P, Schumacher TN, Spits H, Luiten RM. Testing for HLA/peptide tetramer-binding to the T cell receptor complex on human T lymphocytes. Results Immunol. 2012;2:88–96.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Zhang Y, Hochster H, Stein S, Lacy J. Gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel for advanced pancreatic cancer after first-line FOLFIRINOX: single institution retrospective review of efficacy and toxicity. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2015;4:29.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
Wang Z, Liu Y, Li R, Shang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Li W, Yang Y, Zhang X, Yang T, Nie C, Han F, Liu Y, Luo S, Gao Q, Song Y. Autologous cytokine-induced killer cell transfusion increases overall survival in advanced pancreatic cancer. J Hematol Oncol. 2016;9:6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
39.
40.
41.
Lesokhin AM, Callahan MK, Postow MA, Wolchok JD. On being less tolerant: enhanced cancer immunosurveillance enabled by targeting checkpoints and agonists of T cell activation. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7:280sr1.CrossRefPubMed
42.
43.
Melisi D, Calvetti L, Frizziero M, Tortora G. Pancreatic cancer: systemic combination therapies for a heterogeneous disease. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20:6660–9.CrossRefPubMed
44.
45.
Bol KF, Aarntzen EH, Hout FE, Schreibelt G, Creemers JH, Lesterhuis WJ, Gerritsen WR, Grunhagen DJ, Verhoef C, Punt CJ, Bonenkamp JJ, de Wilt JH, Figdor CG, de Vries IJ. Favorable overall survival in stage III melanoma patients after adjuvant dendritic cell vaccination. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5:e1057673.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Greene JM, Schneble EJ, Jackson DO, Hale DF, Vreeland TJ, Flores M, Martin J, Herbert GS, Hardin MO, Yu X, Wagner TE, Peoples GE. A phase I/IIa clinical trial in stage IV melanoma of an autologous tumor-dendritic cell fusion (dendritoma) vaccine with low dose interleukin-2. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2016;65:383–92.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Mukherji B, Chakraborty NG, Yamasaki S, Okino T, Yamase H, Sporn JR, Kurtzman SK, Ergin MT, Ozols J, Meehan J, et al. Induction of antigen-specific cytolytic T cells in situ in human melanoma by immunization with synthetic peptide-pulsed autologous antigen presenting cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995;92:8078–82.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
48.
Lee JH, Lee Y, Lee M, Heo MK, Song JS, Kim KH, Lee H, Yi NJ, Lee KW, Suh KS, Bae YS, Kim YJ. A phase I/IIa study of adjuvant immunotherapy with tumour antigen-pulsed dendritic cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2015;113:1666–76.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
49.
Nava S, Lisini D, Pogliani S, Dossena M, Bersano A, Pellegatta S, Parati E, Finocchiaro G, Frigerio S. Safe and reproducible preparation of functional dendritic cells for immunotherapy in glioblastoma patients. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2015;4:1164–72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
50.
Podrazil M, Horvath R, Becht E, Rozkova D, Bilkova P, Sochorova K, Hromadkova H, Kayserova J, Vavrova K, Lastovicka J, Vrabcova P, Kubackova K, Gasova Z, Jarolim L, Babjuk M, Spisek R, Bartunkova J, Fucikova J. Phase I/II clinical trial of dendritic-cell based immunotherapy (DCVAC/PCa) combined with chemotherapy in patients with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. Oncotarget. 2015;6:18192–205.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
Xi HB, Wang GX, Fu B, Liu WP, Li Y. Survivin and PSMA loaded dendritic cell vaccine for the treatment of prostate cancer. Biol Pharm Bull. 2015;38:827–35.CrossRefPubMed
52.
Matsushita H, Enomoto Y, Kume H, Nakagawa T, Fukuhara H, Suzuki M, Fujimura T, Homma Y, Kakimi K. A pilot study of autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination combined with sunitinib for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer. 2014;2:30.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
53.
Subklewe M, Geiger C, Lichtenegger FS, Javorovic M, Kvalheim G, Schendel DJ, Bigalke I. New generation dendritic cell vaccine for immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2014;63:1093–103.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Mendoza L. Dendritic cell vaccines against non-small cell lung cancer—an emerging therapeutic alternative. Klin Onkol. 2014;27:294–8.PubMed
55.
Mayanagi S, Kitago M, Sakurai T, Matsuda T, Fujita T, Higuchi H, Taguchi J, Takeuchi H, Itano O, Aiura K, Hamamoto Y, Takaishi H, Okamoto M, Sunamura M, Kawakami Y, Kitagawa Y. Phase I pilot study of Wilms tumor gene 1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination combined with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci. 2015;106:397–406.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
56.
Zhang Y, Choi M. Immune therapy in pancreatic cancer: now and the future? Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2015;10:317–25.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zabaleta A, D’Avola D, Echeverria I, Llopiz D, Silva L, Villanueva L, Riezu-Boj JI, Larrea E, Pereboev A, Lasarte JJ, Rodriguez-Lago I, Inarrairaegui M, Sangro B, Prieto J, Sarobe P. Clinical testing of a dendritic cell targeted therapeutic vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev. 2015;2:15006.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
58.
de Goede AL, Andeweg AC, van den Ham HJ, Bijl MA, Zaaraoui-Boutahar F. van IWF, Wilgenhof S, Aerts JL, Gruters RA, Osterhaus AD, and investigators D-Tt. DC immunotherapy in HIV-1 infection induces a major blood transcriptome shift. Vaccine. 2015;33:2922–9.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Hiyama E, Kodama T, Shinbara K, Iwao T, Itoh M, Hiyama K, Shay JW, Matsuura Y, Yokoyama T. Telomerase activity is detected in pancreatic cancer but not in benign tumors. Cancer Res. 1997;57:326–31.PubMed
60.
Ona FV, Zamcheck N, Dhar P, Moore T, Kupchik HZ. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Cancer. 1973;31:324–7.CrossRefPubMed
61.
62.
Satoh K, Kaneko K, Hirota M, Masamune A, Satoh A, Shimosegawa T. Expression of survivin is correlated with cancer cell apoptosis and is involved in the development of human pancreatic duct cell tumors. Cancer. 2001;92:271–8.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Qiao JG, Zhang YQ, Yin YC, Tan Z. Expression of Survivin in pancreatic cancer and its correlation to expression of Bcl-2. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10:2759–61.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
64.
Wang-Gillam A, Li CP, Bodoky G, Dean A, Shan YS, Jameson G, Macarulla T, Lee KH, Cunningham D, Blanc JF, Hubner RA, Chiu CF, Schwartsmann G, Siveke JT, Braiteh F, Moyo V, Belanger B, Dhindsa N, Bayever E, Von Hoff DD, Chen LT, Group N-S. Nanoliposomal irinotecan with fluorouracil and folinic acid in metastatic pancreatic cancer after previous gemcitabine-based therapy (NAPOLI-1): a global, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2016;387:545–57.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Thomson AW, Zahorchak AF, Ezzelarab MB, Butterfield LH, Lakkis FG, Metes DM. Prospective clinical testing of regulatory dendritic cells in organ transplantation. Front Immunol. 2016;7:15.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
66.
67.
Mehrotra S, Stevens R, Zengou R, Chakraborty NG, Butterfield LH, Economou JS, Dorsky DI, Mukherji B. Regulation of melanoma epitope-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte response by immature and activated dendritic cells, in vitro. Cancer Res. 2003;63:5607–14.PubMed
68.
Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Gerritsen WR, de Vries IJ, Figdor CG. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy: state of the art and beyond. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22:1897–906.CrossRefPubMed
69.
Carreno BM, Magrini V, Becker-Hapak M, Kaabinejadian S, Hundal J, Petti AA, Ly A, Lie WR, Hildebrand WH, Mardis ER, Linette GP. Cancer immunotherapy. A dendritic cell vaccine increases the breadth and diversity of melanoma neoantigen-specific T cells. Science. 2015;348:803–8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
70.
Butterfield LH. Lessons learned from cancer vaccine trials and target antigen choice. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2016;65:805–12.CrossRefPubMed
71.
72.
Pitt JM, Charrier M, Viaud S, Andre F, Besse B, Chaput N, Zitvogel L. Dendritic cell-derived exosomes as immunotherapies in the fight against cancer. J Immunol. 2014;193:1006–11.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors
Shikhar Mehrotra
Carolyn D. Britten
Steve Chin
Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer
Colleen A. Cloud
Mingli Li
Gina Scurti
Mohamed L. Salem
Michelle H. Nelson
Melanie B. Thomas
Chrystal M. Paulos
Andres M. Salazar
Michael I. Nishimura
Mark P. Rubinstein
Zihai Li
David J. Cole
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-017-0459-2

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2017 Go to the issue

Research

Pterostilbene prevents AKT-ERK axis-mediated polymerization of surface fibronectin on suspended lung cancer cells independently of apoptosis and suppresses metastasis

Research

Thrombospondin-2 promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis by the up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 through down-regulating miR-376c expression

Review

Wnt/beta-catenin pathway: modulating anticancer immune response

Erratum

Erratum to: Interim analysis of survival in a prospective, multi-center registry cohort of cutaneous melanoma tested with a prognostic 31-gene expression profile test

Review

XPO1 in B cell hematological malignancies: from recurrent somatic mutations to targeted therapy

Letter to the Editor

Spectrum of somatic mutations detected by targeted next-generation sequencing and their prognostic significance in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Webinar | 19-02-2024 | 17:30 (CET)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on antibody–drug conjugates in cancer

Watch now

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are novel agents that have shown promise across multiple tumor types. Explore the current landscape of ADCs in breast and lung cancer with our experts, and gain insights into the mechanism of action, key clinical trials data, existing challenges, and future directions.

Dr. Véronique Diéras
Prof. Fabrice Barlesi
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Image Credits