Published in:
Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research Article
Pharmacokinetics and safety of ixazomib plus lenalidomide–dexamethasone in Asian patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma: a phase 1 study
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2015
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Background
The oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib is under phase 3 clinical investigation in multiple myeloma (MM) in combination with lenalidomide–dexamethasone. This study was conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of ixazomib, administered with lenalidomide–dexamethasone, in East Asian patients with relapsed/refractory MM.
Methods
Adult patients with measurable disease who had received 1–3 prior lines of therapy received oral ixazomib on days 1, 8, and 15, lenalidomide (25 mg) on days 1–21, and dexamethasone (40 mg) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, in 28-day cycles. Primary objectives were to characterize ixazomib plasma pharmacokinetics, determine the recommended phase 2/3 dose, and evaluate safety and tolerability.
Results
Forty-three patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities were reported for the first six patients receiving ixazomib (4.0 mg), confirming this as the recommended phase 2/3 dose. Ixazomib was rapidly absorbed with a median T
max of 1.5 h on day 1 and 2.0 h on day 15 of cycle 1 and had a geometric mean terminal half-life of 6.1 days. Twenty-one (49 %) patients had at least one drug-related grade ≥3 adverse event (AE); the most common were neutropenia (19 %), diarrhea (14 %), and thrombocytopenia (12 %). Twenty-eight of 43 (65 %) response-evaluable patients had at least a partial response. The recommended phase 2/3 dose for ixazomib was determined to be 4.0 mg.
Conclusions
The all-oral combination of ixazomib plus lenalidomide–dexamethasone appeared active and well tolerated at 4.0 mg. Consequently, East Asian patients enrolled in phase 3 studies are receiving the same ixazomib dose as patients in other regions.
Trial registration
This study is registered at NCT01645930.