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Patient Safety in Surgery
Published in: Patient Safety in Surgery 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Induction of immune gene expression and inflammatory mediator release by commonly used surgical suture materials: an experimental in vitro study

Authors: Alistair M. Lock, Ryan Gao, Dorit Naot, Brendan Coleman, Jillian Cornish, David S. Musson

Published in: Patient Safety in Surgery | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Surgeons have a range of materials to choose from to complete wound closure, yet surprisingly very little is still known about the body’s immune response to the suture materials in current use. The growing literature of adverse suture material reactions provided the objective of this study, to use in vitro assays to quantify levels of inflammation produced by seven commonly used suture materials in surgical procedures.

Methods

Human monocyte/macrophage THP-1 cells were exposed to suture materials for 1, 3 and 5 days. Gene expression and protein secretion of six inflammatory cytokines and two cell surface markers were assessed using qPCR and ELISA respectively, with LPS exposure providing a positive control. Furthermore, a IL-1β/IL-1RA marker ratio was assessed to determine the balance between pro-/anti-inflammatory expression.

Results

The findings from our in vitro study suggest that four commonly used suture materials cause upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers indicative of an early foreign body reaction, with no balance from anti-inflammatory markers.

Conclusions

As prolonged early pro-inflammation is known to produce delayed wound healing responses, the knowledge produced from this study has potential to improve informed surgical decision making and patient safety. This work has the capability to reduce suture-related adverse immune reactions, and therefore positively affect patient outcomes.
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Metadata
Title
Induction of immune gene expression and inflammatory mediator release by commonly used surgical suture materials: an experimental in vitro study
Authors
Alistair M. Lock
Ryan Gao
Dorit Naot
Brendan Coleman
Jillian Cornish
David S. Musson
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Patient Safety in Surgery / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1754-9493
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13037-017-0132-2

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