Top

BioPsychoSocial Medicine

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Measuring healthy behaviours using the stages of change model: an investigation into the physical activity and nutrition behaviours of Australian miners

Authors: Sarah J. Lacey, Tamara D. Street

Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine | Issue 1/2017

Abstract

Background

Obesity is one of the fastest growing modern day epidemics affecting preventable disease and premature deaths. Healthy lifestyle behaviours, such as physical activity and nutritional consumption, have been shown to reduce the likelihood of obesity and obesity related health risks. Originally designed for measurement of unhealthy behaviours, the Stages of Change model, describes ‘precontemplators’ as individuals who engage in the unhealthy behaviour, are unaware that their behaviour is problematic, and are resistant to change. The aim of this study was to refine and assess the measures of the Stages of Change model in order to achieve a concise and reliable classification of precontemplators, in the context of healthy behaviours.

Methods

Eight hundred and ninety-seven employees participated in a health survey measuring current health behaviours and stage of change. This study compared a traditional precontemplation measure to a modified version in the assessment of two healthy behaviours: physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption.

Results

The modified measure was more accurate and captured fewer individuals currently meeting the guideline for both physical activity and nutrition, compared to the traditional measure of stages of change. However, across all stages of change, the measure incorrectly classified some employees with regards to meeting health guidelines.

Conclusions

When applied to healthy behaviours, the stages of change measure for precontemplation should be further refined to reflect knowledge that the behaviour is unhealthy, and apathy to change. Additionally, measures should define health guidelines to increase reliable classification across all stages of change. The findings can be applied to inform the design and implementation of health promotion strategies targeting obesity related lifestyle behaviours in the general population.

World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. In: media Centre. World health. Organization. 2016; http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/ Accessed 29 May 2017

World Health Organization. Diet and physical activity strategy. In: global strategy on diet, physical activity. World health. Organization. 2004; http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/strategy/eb11344/strategy_english_web.pdf Accessed 29 May 2017

Kirk A, MacMillan F, Webster N. Application of the Transtheoretical model to physical activity in older adults with type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2010; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.03.001.

Government of Western Australia Department of Health. Swap it, Don't stop it. Government of Western Australia Department of Health. 2013. http://www.swapitwa.com.au/ Accessed 29 May 2017.

Prochaska JO, Wright JA, Veliver WF. Evaluating theories of health behaviour change: a hierarchy of criteria applied to the Transtheoretical model. Appl. Psychol. Int. Rev. 2008; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00345.x.

Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Transtheoretical therapy: toward a more integrative model of change. Psychol Psychoother T. 1982; https://doi.org/10.1037/h0088437.

French SD, Green SE, O’Connor DA, McKenzie JE, Francis JJ, Michie S, Buchbinder R, Schattner P, Spike N, Grimshaw JM. Developing theory-informed behaviour change interventions to implement evidence into practice: a systematic approach using the theoretical domains framework. Implement Sci. 2012;24:38.CrossRef

Harden A, Peersman G, Oliver S, Mauthner M, Oakley A. A systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion interventions in the workplace. Occup Med. 1999; https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/49.8.540.

Painter JE, Borba CPC, Hynes M, Mays D, Glanz K. The use of theory in health behaviour research from 2000 to 2005: a systematic review. Ann Behav Med. 2008; https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-008-9042-y.

10.

Fishbein M, Yzer MC. Using theory to design effective health behaviour interventions. Commun Theory. 2003; https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/13.2.164.

11.

Rothman AJI. There nothing more practical than a good theory?: why innovations and advances in health behaviour change will arise if interventions are used to test and refine theory. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2004; https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-1-11.

12.

Lippke S, Ziegelman JP. Theory-based health behavior change: developing, testing, and applying theories for evidence-based interventions. Appl Psychol Int Rev. 2008; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2008.00339.x.

13.

Norcross JC, Krebs PM, Prochaska JO. Stages of change. J Clin Psychol. 2011; https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20758.

14.

Rosenstock IM. The health belief model and preventive health behavior. Health Educ Behav. 1974;2:354–86.

15.

Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1991; https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T.

16.

Noar SM, Chabot M, Zimmerman RS. Applying health behavior theory to multiple behavior change: considerations and approaches. Prev Med. 2008; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.08.001.

17.

Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC, Norcross JC. In search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors. Am Psychol. 1992; https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.47.9.1102.

18.

Prochaska JO, Velicer WF. The transtheoretical model of health behavior change. Am J Health Promot 1997doi: 104278/0890–1171-12. 1:38.

19.

Nigg CR, Geller KS, Motl RW, Horwath CC, Wertin KK, Dishman RKA. Research agenda to examine the efficacy and relevance of the transtheoretical model for physical activity behavior. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2011;12:7–12.CrossRef

20.

Bridle C, Riemsma RP, Pattenden J, Sowden AJ, Mather L, Watt IS, Walker A. Systematic review of the effectiveness of health behavior interventions based on the transtheoretical model. Psychol Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870440512331333997.

21.

Michie S. Designing and implementing behaviour change interventions to improve population health. J Health Serv Res Policy. 2008; https://doi.org/10.1258/jhsrp.2008.008014.

22.

Oldenburg B, Pope JA. Critical review of determinants of smoking cessation. Behav Change. 1990;7:101–9.CrossRef

23.

Chou KJ, Chen HK, Hung CH, Chen TT, Chen CM, Readiness WBJ. To quit as a predictor for outcomes of smoking-reduction programme with transdermal nicotine patch or bupropion in a sample of 308 patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00406-014-0515-7#. Accessed 29 May 2017

24.

Redding CA, Prochaska JO, Armstrong K, Rossi JS, Hoeppner BB, Sun X, Kobayashi H, Yin HQ, Coviello D, Evers K, Velicer WF. Randomized trial outcomes of a TTM-tailored condom use and smoking intervention in urban adolescent females. Health Educ Res. 2014; http://her.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/05/02/her.cyu015.short. Accessed 29 May 2017

25.

Yen WC, Shariff ZM, Kandiah M, Taib M, Nasir M. Stages of change to increase fruit and vegetable intake and its relationships with fruit and vegetable intake and related psychosocial factors. Nutr Res Pract. 2014; https://synapse.koreamed.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4162/nrp.2014.8.3.297. Accessed 29 May 2017

26.

McConnaughy EN, Prochaska JO, Velicer WF. Stages of change in psychotherapy: measurement and sample profiles. Psychol Psychother T. 1983; https://doi.org/10.1037/h0090198.

27.

Anderson L, Quinn T, Glanz K, Ramirez G, Kahwati L, Johnston D, Katz D. The effectiveness of worksite nutrition and physical activity interventions for controlling employee overweight and obesity. A systematic review Am J Prev Med. 2009; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2009.07.003.

28.

Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Health Survey 2011-2013 First Results 2011. http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4364.0.55.001main+features12011-12. Accessed 29 May 2017.

Title: Measuring healthy behaviours using the stages of change model: an investigation into the physical activity and nutrition behaviours of Australian miners
Authors: Sarah J. Lacey
Tamara D. Street
Publication date: 01-12-2017
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1751-0759
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-017-0115-7

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Measuring healthy behaviours using the stages of change model: an investigation into the physical activity and nutrition behaviours of Australian miners

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

ACC 2024 Congress

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Job crafting, work engagement, and psychological distress among Japanese employees: a cross-sectional study

Evaluation of the irritable bowel syndrome severity index in Japanese male patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea

The American Psychosomatic Society – integrating mind, brain, body and social context in medicine since 1942

Clinical features of outpatients with somatization symptoms treated at a Japanese psychosomatic medicine clinic

Predictors of successful long-term weight loss maintenance: a two-year follow-up

Longitudinal course of eating disorders after transsexual treatment: a report of two cases