Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Research

A failed review of CCE site inspection standards and processes

Authors: Stanley I. Innes, Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde, Bruce F. Walker

Published in: Chiropractic & Manual Therapies | Issue 1/2019

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Accreditation of educational programs involves an independent agency assessing quality against a set of defined standards. Site inspection teams are appointed by an accrediting agency and compile a report with the intention of identifying deficiencies and making recommendations for their rectification and continued improvement. For chiropractic programs accreditation is carried out by Councils on Chiropractic Education (CCEs). However, the reliability of their site inspection teams remains unknown. Recent research has suggested that variability in chiropractic practice may be partially traced back to the education provider. This raises the possibility of deficient accreditation procedures that may include unsatisfactory site inspection standards or processes or the accreditation standards by which they work to.
We sought to compare the various CCEs documented standards and processes for site inspection teams for similarities and differences with the intent of making recommendations to create uniform and high quality standards. Further, we sought to compare a sample of CCEs site inspection team surveys / reports for commonly identified recommendations and quality improvements and determine if they are adequately described in their accreditation standards.

Method

In December of 2018 invitation emails were sent to 4 CCEs through their website portals outlining a proposed study investigating site inspection teams’ standards and processes. Access was requested to all appropriately redacted documentation relating to site inspection teams and their chiropractic program reports. Follow up emails were sent several weeks later.

Results

Only one of four of the CCEs responded by providing the requested information.

Conclusion and recommendations

Three CCEs did not cooperate with this educational research. The possible reasons for the non-engagement is discussed.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
5.
go back to reference McGregor M, Puhl AA, Reinhart C, Injeyan HS, Soave D. Differentiating intraprofessional attitudes toward paradigms in health care delivery among chiropractic factions: results from a randomly sampled survey. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:51.CrossRef McGregor M, Puhl AA, Reinhart C, Injeyan HS, Soave D. Differentiating intraprofessional attitudes toward paradigms in health care delivery among chiropractic factions: results from a randomly sampled survey. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014;14:51.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Puhl AA, Reinhart CJ, Doan JB, McGregor M, Injeyan HS. Relationship between chiropractic teaching institutions and practice characteristics among Canadian doctors of chiropractic: a random sample survey. J Manip Physiol Ther. 2014;37(9):709–18.CrossRef Puhl AA, Reinhart CJ, Doan JB, McGregor M, Injeyan HS. Relationship between chiropractic teaching institutions and practice characteristics among Canadian doctors of chiropractic: a random sample survey. J Manip Physiol Ther. 2014;37(9):709–18.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Comparing the old to the new: a comparison of similarities and differences of the accreditation standards of the chiropractic council on education-international from 2010 to 2016. Chiropr Man Therap. 2018;26:25.CrossRef Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Comparing the old to the new: a comparison of similarities and differences of the accreditation standards of the chiropractic council on education-international from 2010 to 2016. Chiropr Man Therap. 2018;26:25.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Plebani M. Role of inspectors in external review mechanisms: criteria for selection, training and appraisal. Clin Chim Acta. 2001;309(2):147–54.CrossRef Plebani M. Role of inspectors in external review mechanisms: criteria for selection, training and appraisal. Clin Chim Acta. 2001;309(2):147–54.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Greenfield D, Pawsey M, Naylor J, Braithwaite J. Researching the reliability of accreditation survey teams: lessons learnt when things went awry. HIM J. 2013;42(1):4–10.CrossRef Greenfield D, Pawsey M, Naylor J, Braithwaite J. Researching the reliability of accreditation survey teams: lessons learnt when things went awry. HIM J. 2013;42(1):4–10.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Shaw CD. Evaluating accreditation. Int J Qual Health Care. 2003;15(6):455–6.CrossRef Shaw CD. Evaluating accreditation. Int J Qual Health Care. 2003;15(6):455–6.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Greenfield D, Pawsey M, Naylor J, Braithwaite J. Are accreditation surveys reliable? Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2009;22(2):105–16.CrossRef Greenfield D, Pawsey M, Naylor J, Braithwaite J. Are accreditation surveys reliable? Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 2009;22(2):105–16.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Pomey MP, Contandriopoulos AP, Francois P, Bertrand D. Accreditation: a tool for organizational change in hospitals? Int J Health Care Qual Assur Inc Leadersh Health Serv. 2004;17(2–3):113–24.CrossRef Pomey MP, Contandriopoulos AP, Francois P, Bertrand D. Accreditation: a tool for organizational change in hospitals? Int J Health Care Qual Assur Inc Leadersh Health Serv. 2004;17(2–3):113–24.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Frisino J. COA’s accreditation system: checks, balances, and firewalls. Behav Health Accred Account Alert. 2002;7(4):1–4. Frisino J. COA’s accreditation system: checks, balances, and firewalls. Behav Health Accred Account Alert. 2002;7(4):1–4.
14.
go back to reference WHO. WHO guidelines on basic trianing and safety in chiropractic. In: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. p. 51. WHO. WHO guidelines on basic trianing and safety in chiropractic. In: WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. 1st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2005. p. 51.
16.
go back to reference (CCEA) CoCEA. Accreditation Standards for Chiropractic Programs. Canberra: Council on Chiropractic Education Australasia; 2017. (CCEA) CoCEA. Accreditation Standards for Chiropractic Programs. Canberra: Council on Chiropractic Education Australasia; 2017.
19.
go back to reference Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Similarities and differences of graduate entry-level competencies of chiropractic councils on education: a systematic review. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:1.CrossRef Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Similarities and differences of graduate entry-level competencies of chiropractic councils on education: a systematic review. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:1.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Similarities and differences of a selection of key accreditation standards between chiropractic councils on education: a systematic review. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:46.CrossRef Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. Similarities and differences of a selection of key accreditation standards between chiropractic councils on education: a systematic review. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:46.CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. How comprehensively is evidence-based practice represented in councils on chiropractic education (CCE) educational standards: a systematic audit. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24(1):30.CrossRef Innes SI, Leboeuf-Yde C, Walker BF. How comprehensively is evidence-based practice represented in councils on chiropractic education (CCE) educational standards: a systematic audit. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24(1):30.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Willoughby J, Nguyen V, Bockenek WL. Assessing competency in physical medicine and rehabilitation residency: the ACGME milestones initiative. AMA J Ethics. 2015;17(6):515–20.CrossRef Willoughby J, Nguyen V, Bockenek WL. Assessing competency in physical medicine and rehabilitation residency: the ACGME milestones initiative. AMA J Ethics. 2015;17(6):515–20.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Arena G, Kruger E, Tennant M. Accreditation of dental programs in Australia: a thematic analysis of recommendations, 1996-2004. J Dent Educ. 2007;71(9):1210–6.PubMed Arena G, Kruger E, Tennant M. Accreditation of dental programs in Australia: a thematic analysis of recommendations, 1996-2004. J Dent Educ. 2007;71(9):1210–6.PubMed
25.
go back to reference Hinchcliff R, Greenfield D, Hogden A, Sarrami-Foroushani P, Travaglia J, Braithwaite J. Levers for change: an investigation of how accreditation programmes can promote consumer engagement in healthcare. Int J Qual Health Care. 2016;28(5):561–5.CrossRef Hinchcliff R, Greenfield D, Hogden A, Sarrami-Foroushani P, Travaglia J, Braithwaite J. Levers for change: an investigation of how accreditation programmes can promote consumer engagement in healthcare. Int J Qual Health Care. 2016;28(5):561–5.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Levay C, Waks C. Professions and the pursuit of transparency in healthcare: two cases of soft autonomy. Organ Stud. 2009;30(5):509–27.CrossRef Levay C, Waks C. Professions and the pursuit of transparency in healthcare: two cases of soft autonomy. Organ Stud. 2009;30(5):509–27.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Narins CR, Dozier AM, Ling FS, Zareba W. The influence of public reporting of outcome data on medical decision making by physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(1):83–7.CrossRef Narins CR, Dozier AM, Ling FS, Zareba W. The influence of public reporting of outcome data on medical decision making by physicians. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165(1):83–7.CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Eindhoven DC, Wierda E, de Bruijne MC, Amoroso G, de Mol BAJM, Umans VAWM, Schalij MJ, Borleffs CJW. The year of transparency: measuring quality of cardiac care. Neth Hear J. 2015;23(10):457–65.CrossRef Eindhoven DC, Wierda E, de Bruijne MC, Amoroso G, de Mol BAJM, Umans VAWM, Schalij MJ, Borleffs CJW. The year of transparency: measuring quality of cardiac care. Neth Hear J. 2015;23(10):457–65.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Greenfield D, Braithwaite J. Developing the evidence base for accreditation of healthcare organisations: a call for transparency and innovation. BMJ Quality & Safety. 2009;18(3):162. Greenfield D, Braithwaite J. Developing the evidence base for accreditation of healthcare organisations: a call for transparency and innovation. BMJ Quality & Safety. 2009;18(3):162.
Metadata
Title
A failed review of CCE site inspection standards and processes
Authors
Stanley I. Innes
Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde
Bruce F. Walker
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Chiropractic & Manual Therapies / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 2045-709X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-019-0270-y

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 1/2019 Go to the issue