Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Reproductive Health 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research

Intimate partner violence and termination of pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of married Bangladeshi women

Author: Mosfequr Rahman

Published in: Reproductive Health | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its consequences on women’s reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes have been well documented. Bangladesh is burdened with the high prevalence of IPV and induced abortion/menstrual regulation. Understanding their association may benefit strategies to reduce termination of pregnancy (TOP). Therefore, this study assesses the association between experience of IPV and TOP among married Bangladeshi women age 15–49 years.

Methods

This cross-sectional study is based on data from 10,146 married women of reproductive age from the Bangladesh Demographic Health Survey, 2007 (BDHS). A subset of interviews from currently married women, living with a husband and who had at least one pregnancy in the last 5 years (n = 1875) were extracted.

Results

Results of this study showed that among the respondents, 31.4 % experienced physical and/or sexual IPV: 13.4 % experienced only sexual violence and 25.8 % experienced only physical violence. 21.0 % respondents ever had a TOP and 5.8 % had a TOP in last 5 years. Physical IPV was significantly associated with both TOP ever (OR = 1.36; 95 % CI: 1.05–1.77) and TOP in last 5 years (OR = 1.72; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.06).

Conclusions

Prevention of intimate partner violence which was associated with pregnancy termination may reduce the high incidence of termination of pregnancies in Bangladesh.
Literature
1.
go back to reference World Health Organization, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, the World Bank. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF. UNFPA and The World Bank. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. World Health Organization, United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund, the World Bank. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2008. Estimates Developed by WHO, UNICEF. UNFPA and The World Bank. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
2.
go back to reference Gissler M, Berg C, Bouvier-Colle M-H, Buekens P. Pregnancy-associated mortality after birth, spontaneous abortion, or induced abortion in Finland, 1987–2000. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:422–7.CrossRefPubMed Gissler M, Berg C, Bouvier-Colle M-H, Buekens P. Pregnancy-associated mortality after birth, spontaneous abortion, or induced abortion in Finland, 1987–2000. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190:422–7.CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Hurt LS, Alam N, Dieltiens G, Aktar N, Ronsmans C. Duration and magnitude of mortality after pregnancy in rural Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37:397–404.CrossRefPubMed Hurt LS, Alam N, Dieltiens G, Aktar N, Ronsmans C. Duration and magnitude of mortality after pregnancy in rural Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37:397–404.CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Rahman M, DaVanzo J, Razzaque A. The role of pregnancy outcomes in the maternal mortality rates of two areas in Matlab, Bangladesh. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2010;170–177. Rahman M, DaVanzo J, Razzaque A. The role of pregnancy outcomes in the maternal mortality rates of two areas in Matlab, Bangladesh. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2010;170–177.
5.
go back to reference Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gülmezoglu AM, Van Look PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet. 2006;367:1066–74.CrossRefPubMed Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, Gülmezoglu AM, Van Look PF. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet. 2006;367:1066–74.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Singh S. Hospital admissions resulting from unsafe abortion: estimates from 13 developing countries. Lancet. 2006;368:1887–92.CrossRefPubMed Singh S. Hospital admissions resulting from unsafe abortion: estimates from 13 developing countries. Lancet. 2006;368:1887–92.CrossRefPubMed
7.
go back to reference El Arifeen S, Hill K, Ahsan KZ, Jamil K, Nahar Q, Streatfield PK. Maternal mortality in Bangladesh: a countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet. 2014;384:1366–74.CrossRefPubMed El Arifeen S, Hill K, Ahsan KZ, Jamil K, Nahar Q, Streatfield PK. Maternal mortality in Bangladesh: a countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet. 2014;384:1366–74.CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference NIPORT. Bangladesh Maternal Health Services and Maternal Mortality Survey, 2001, Dhaka Bangladesh. NIPORT and International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); and Calverton, MD,USA: ORC Macro, 2003. NIPORT. Bangladesh Maternal Health Services and Maternal Mortality Survey, 2001, Dhaka Bangladesh. NIPORT and International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); and Calverton, MD,USA: ORC Macro, 2003.
9.
go back to reference ICDDR B. Health and Demographic Surveillance System—Matlab: Volume Forty Two, Registration of Health and Demographic Events 2008. ICDDR, B: Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2010. ICDDR B. Health and Demographic Surveillance System—Matlab: Volume Forty Two, Registration of Health and Demographic Events 2008. ICDDR, B: Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2010.
11.
go back to reference Heise L, Garcia-Moreno C. Violence by intimate partners. World report on violence and health. 2002:87–121. Heise L, Garcia-Moreno C. Violence by intimate partners. World report on violence and health. 2002:87–121.
12.
go back to reference Garcia-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Ellsberg M, Heise L, Watts CH. Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence. Lancet. 2006;368:1260–9.CrossRefPubMed Garcia-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Ellsberg M, Heise L, Watts CH. Prevalence of intimate partner violence: findings from the WHO multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence. Lancet. 2006;368:1260–9.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Violence Against Women (VAW) Survey 2011. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS); 2013. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. Violence Against Women (VAW) Survey 2011. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS); 2013.
14.
go back to reference Ablorh-Odjidja A, Clark C, Cox E. Intimate partner violence among pregnant and parenting women: local health department strategies for assessment, intervention, and prevention. National association of county & city health officials issue brief. 2008;1:6. Ablorh-Odjidja A, Clark C, Cox E. Intimate partner violence among pregnant and parenting women: local health department strategies for assessment, intervention, and prevention. National association of county & city health officials issue brief. 2008;1:6.
15.
go back to reference Jasinski JL. Pregnancy and domestic violence a review of the literature. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2004;5:47–64.CrossRefPubMed Jasinski JL. Pregnancy and domestic violence a review of the literature. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2004;5:47–64.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Nasir K, Hyder AA. Violence against pregnant women in developing countries review of evidence. Eur J Pub Health. 2003;13:105–7.CrossRef Nasir K, Hyder AA. Violence against pregnant women in developing countries review of evidence. Eur J Pub Health. 2003;13:105–7.CrossRef
17.
18.
go back to reference Filmer D, King EM, Pritchett L. Gender disparity in South Asia: comparisons between and within countries. Washington: World Bank Publications; 1998.CrossRef Filmer D, King EM, Pritchett L. Gender disparity in South Asia: comparisons between and within countries. Washington: World Bank Publications; 1998.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Pallitto CC, García-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Heise L, Ellsberg M, Watts C. Intimate partner violence, abortion, and unintended pregnancy: results from the WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2013;120:3–9.CrossRef Pallitto CC, García-Moreno C, Jansen HA, Heise L, Ellsberg M, Watts C. Intimate partner violence, abortion, and unintended pregnancy: results from the WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2013;120:3–9.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Rahman M, Sasagawa T, Fujii R, Tomizawa H, Makinoda S. Intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy among Bangladeshi women. J Interpers Violence. 2012;27:2999–3015.CrossRefPubMed Rahman M, Sasagawa T, Fujii R, Tomizawa H, Makinoda S. Intimate partner violence and unintended pregnancy among Bangladeshi women. J Interpers Violence. 2012;27:2999–3015.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Silverman JG, Gupta J, Decker MR, Kapur N, Raj A. Intimate partner violence and unwanted pregnancy, miscarriage, induced abortion, and stillbirth among a national sample of Bangladeshi women. BJOG. 2007;114:1246–52.CrossRefPubMed Silverman JG, Gupta J, Decker MR, Kapur N, Raj A. Intimate partner violence and unwanted pregnancy, miscarriage, induced abortion, and stillbirth among a national sample of Bangladeshi women. BJOG. 2007;114:1246–52.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Wu J, Guo S, Qu C. Domestic violence against women seeking induced abortion in China. Contraception. 2005;72:117–21.CrossRefPubMed Wu J, Guo S, Qu C. Domestic violence against women seeking induced abortion in China. Contraception. 2005;72:117–21.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Alio AP, Salihu HM, Nana PN, Clayton HB, Mbah AK, Marty PJ. Association between intimate partner violence and induced abortion in Cameroon. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2011;112:83–7.CrossRef Alio AP, Salihu HM, Nana PN, Clayton HB, Mbah AK, Marty PJ. Association between intimate partner violence and induced abortion in Cameroon. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2011;112:83–7.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Fonck K, Els L, Kidula N, Ndinya-Achola J, Temmerman M. Increased risk of HIV in women experiencing physical partner violence in Nairobi, Kenya. AIDS Behav. 2005;9:335–9.CrossRefPubMed Fonck K, Els L, Kidula N, Ndinya-Achola J, Temmerman M. Increased risk of HIV in women experiencing physical partner violence in Nairobi, Kenya. AIDS Behav. 2005;9:335–9.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Taft AJ, Watson LF, Lee C. Violence against young Australian women and association with reproductive events: a cross-sectional analysis of a national population sample. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2004;28:324–9.CrossRefPubMed Taft AJ, Watson LF, Lee C. Violence against young Australian women and association with reproductive events: a cross-sectional analysis of a national population sample. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2004;28:324–9.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Jejeebhoy SJ. Associations between wife-beating and fetal and infant death: impressions from a survey in rural India. Stud Fam Plan. 1998;300–308. Jejeebhoy SJ. Associations between wife-beating and fetal and infant death: impressions from a survey in rural India. Stud Fam Plan. 1998;300–308.
27.
go back to reference Kaye DK, Mirembe F, Bantebya G, Johansson A, Ekstrom AM. Reasons, methods used and decision-making for pregnancy termination among adolescents and older women in Mulago Hospital, Uganda. East Afr Med J. 2005;82:579.PubMed Kaye DK, Mirembe F, Bantebya G, Johansson A, Ekstrom AM. Reasons, methods used and decision-making for pregnancy termination among adolescents and older women in Mulago Hospital, Uganda. East Afr Med J. 2005;82:579.PubMed
28.
go back to reference Lipsky S, Holt VL, Easterling TR, Critchlow CW. Impact of police-reported intimate partner violence during pregnancy on birth outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:557–64.PubMed Lipsky S, Holt VL, Easterling TR, Critchlow CW. Impact of police-reported intimate partner violence during pregnancy on birth outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:557–64.PubMed
29.
go back to reference NIPORT. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007. National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Macro International, Calverton, Maryland, USA. 2009. NIPORT. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2007. National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT), Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Macro International, Calverton, Maryland, USA. 2009.
30.
go back to reference Kish L. Survey Sampling. New York: John Wiley; 1965. Kish L. Survey Sampling. New York: John Wiley; 1965.
31.
go back to reference Nemeth R. Respondent Selection Within the Household-A Modification of the Kish Grid. In: Meeting of Young Statisticians. 2002. p. 51. Nemeth R. Respondent Selection Within the Household-A Modification of the Kish Grid. In: Meeting of Young Statisticians. 2002. p. 51.
32.
go back to reference Straus MA. Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence. The Conflict Tactic Scales. In: Straus MA, Gelles RJ, editors. Physical Violence in American Families: Risk Factors and Adaptations to Violence in 8145 Families. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers; 1990. p. 29–47. Straus MA. Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence. The Conflict Tactic Scales. In: Straus MA, Gelles RJ, editors. Physical Violence in American Families: Risk Factors and Adaptations to Violence in 8145 Families. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers; 1990. p. 29–47.
33.
go back to reference Gwatkin D, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Pande R, Wagstaff A. Socio-Economic Differences in Health, Nutrition and Poverty. Washington: World Bank: HNP/Poverty Thematic Group, World Bank; 2000. Gwatkin D, Rutstein S, Johnson K, Pande R, Wagstaff A. Socio-Economic Differences in Health, Nutrition and Poverty. Washington: World Bank: HNP/Poverty Thematic Group, World Bank; 2000.
34.
go back to reference Fanslow J, Silva M, Whitehead A, Robinson E. Pregnancy outcomes and intimate partner violence in New Zealand. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;48:391–7.CrossRefPubMed Fanslow J, Silva M, Whitehead A, Robinson E. Pregnancy outcomes and intimate partner violence in New Zealand. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2008;48:391–7.CrossRefPubMed
35.
go back to reference Poole VL, Flowers JS, Goldenberg RL, Cliver SP, McNeal S. Changes in intendedness during pregnancy in a high-risk multiparous population. Matern Child Health J. 2000;4:179–82.CrossRefPubMed Poole VL, Flowers JS, Goldenberg RL, Cliver SP, McNeal S. Changes in intendedness during pregnancy in a high-risk multiparous population. Matern Child Health J. 2000;4:179–82.CrossRefPubMed
36.
go back to reference Kaye DK, Mirembe FM, Bantebya G, Johansson A, Ekstrom AM. Domestic violence as risk factor for unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Tropical Med Int Health. 2006;11:90–101.CrossRef Kaye DK, Mirembe FM, Bantebya G, Johansson A, Ekstrom AM. Domestic violence as risk factor for unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Tropical Med Int Health. 2006;11:90–101.CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Zabin LS, Huggins GR, Emerson MR, Cullins VE. Partner effects on a woman’s intention to conceive:‘not with this partner’. Fam Plan Perspect. 2000;39–45. Zabin LS, Huggins GR, Emerson MR, Cullins VE. Partner effects on a woman’s intention to conceive:‘not with this partner’. Fam Plan Perspect. 2000;39–45.
38.
go back to reference World Health Organization. WHO Multi-Country Study on women’s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women: Summary Report of Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and women’s Responses. 2005. World Health Organization. WHO Multi-Country Study on women’s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women: Summary Report of Initial Results on Prevalence, Health Outcomes and women’s Responses. 2005.
39.
go back to reference Sambisa W, Angeles G, Lance PM, Naved RT, Curtis SL. Physical and sexual abuse of wives in urban Bangladesh: husbands’ reports. Stud Fam Plan. 2010;41:165–78.CrossRef Sambisa W, Angeles G, Lance PM, Naved RT, Curtis SL. Physical and sexual abuse of wives in urban Bangladesh: husbands’ reports. Stud Fam Plan. 2010;41:165–78.CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Huda FA, Chowdhuri S, Robertson Y, Islam N, Sarker BK, Azmi AJ, et al. Understanding Unintended Pregnancy in Bangladesh: Country Profile Report. Centre for Reproductive Health, icddr, b: Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2013. Huda FA, Chowdhuri S, Robertson Y, Islam N, Sarker BK, Azmi AJ, et al. Understanding Unintended Pregnancy in Bangladesh: Country Profile Report. Centre for Reproductive Health, icddr, b: Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2013.
Metadata
Title
Intimate partner violence and termination of pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of married Bangladeshi women
Author
Mosfequr Rahman
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Reproductive Health / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1742-4755
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-015-0095-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

Reproductive Health 1/2015 Go to the issue