Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Human Resources for Health 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Care | Research

Predictive factors of the general public’s willingness to be seen and seek treatment from a nurse practitioner in Australia: a cross-sectional national survey

Authors: Trudy Dwyer, Alison Craswell, Matthew Browne

Published in: Human Resources for Health | Issue 1/2021

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Health care delivery in Australia is experiencing challenges with services struggling to keep up with the increasing demands of an aging population, rising levels of chronic disease and limited funding for care. Where adjunct models of health care such as the Nurse Practitioner (NP) have the potential to address this gap, in Australia, they remain an underutilised service. Clarifying the nature of the consumers ‘willingness’ to be seen by NPs warrants further investigation.

Methods

Australia-wide, cross-sectional population-based survey was undertaken using computer-assisted telephone interviewing technique.

Results

While just over 53% of the general public participants (n = 1318) had heard of an NP, once they became aware of their scope of practice, the majority agreed or strongly agreed they were willing to be seen by an NP in the community (91.6%), the emergency department 88.2%), to manage chronic conditions (86%), to have scrips written and referrals made (85.3%), and if they did not have to wait so long to see a medical doctor (81%). Factors significantly predicting willingness were being: female, less than 65 years of age, native English speakers, or residents from town/regional and rural settings.

Conclusion

Despite limited awareness of the NP role, a large proportion of the Australian population, across different demographic groups, are willing to be seen and treated by an NP. Expansion of this role to support medical services in areas of need could improve healthcare delivery.
Literature
2.
go back to reference Toloo S, FitzGerald G, Aitkin P, Ting J, Tippett V, Chu K. Emergency Health Services (EHS): demand and service delivery models. Monograph 1: literature review and activity trends. Brisbane: Queensland University Technology; 2011. Toloo S, FitzGerald G, Aitkin P, Ting J, Tippett V, Chu K. Emergency Health Services (EHS): demand and service delivery models. Monograph 1: literature review and activity trends. Brisbane: Queensland University Technology; 2011.
3.
go back to reference Duffield CM, Conlon L, Kelly M, Catling-Paull C, Stasa H. The emergency department nursing workforce: Local solutions for local issues. IntEmergNurs. 2010;18(4):181–7. Duffield CM, Conlon L, Kelly M, Catling-Paull C, Stasa H. The emergency department nursing workforce: Local solutions for local issues. IntEmergNurs. 2010;18(4):181–7.
4.
go back to reference Jennings N, O’Reilly G, Cameron P, Free B, Bailey M. Evaluating outcomes of the emergency nurse practitioner role in a major urban emergency department, Melbourne Australia. J ClinNurs. 2008;19:1044–50. Jennings N, O’Reilly G, Cameron P, Free B, Bailey M. Evaluating outcomes of the emergency nurse practitioner role in a major urban emergency department, Melbourne Australia. J ClinNurs. 2008;19:1044–50.
5.
go back to reference Lee G, Jennings N. A comparative study of patients who did not wait for treatment and those treated by Emergency Nurse Practitioners. AustralasEmergNurs J. 2006;9:179–85. Lee G, Jennings N. A comparative study of patients who did not wait for treatment and those treated by Emergency Nurse Practitioners. AustralasEmergNurs J. 2006;9:179–85.
6.
go back to reference Lowthian J, Curtis A, Stoelwinder J, McNeil J, Cameron P. Emergency demand and repeat attendances by older patients. Intern Med J. 2013;43(5):554–60.CrossRef Lowthian J, Curtis A, Stoelwinder J, McNeil J, Cameron P. Emergency demand and repeat attendances by older patients. Intern Med J. 2013;43(5):554–60.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Chavez KS, Dwyer AA, Ramelet A-S. International practice settings, interventions and outcomes of nurse practitioners in geriatric care: a scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;78:61–75.CrossRef Chavez KS, Dwyer AA, Ramelet A-S. International practice settings, interventions and outcomes of nurse practitioners in geriatric care: a scoping review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;78:61–75.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Collaborative arrangements and privately practising nurse practitioners in Australia: results from a national survey. Aust Health Rev. 2017;41(5):533–40.CrossRef Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Collaborative arrangements and privately practising nurse practitioners in Australia: results from a national survey. Aust Health Rev. 2017;41(5):533–40.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Practice activities of privately-practicing nurse practitioners: results from an Australian survey. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(1):16–23.CrossRef Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Practice activities of privately-practicing nurse practitioners: results from an Australian survey. Nurs Health Sci. 2018;20(1):16–23.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Privately practising nurse practitioners’ provision of care subsidised through the medicare benefits schedule and the pharmaceutical benefits scheme in Australia: results from a national survey. Aust Health Rev. 2019;43(1):55–61.CrossRef Currie J, Chiarella M, Buckley T. Privately practising nurse practitioners’ provision of care subsidised through the medicare benefits schedule and the pharmaceutical benefits scheme in Australia: results from a national survey. Aust Health Rev. 2019;43(1):55–61.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Cashin A, O’Connell J, Christofis L, Lentakis A, Rossi M, Crellin D. Clinical initiative nurses and nurse practitioners in the emergency department: what’s in a name? AustEmergNurs. 2007;10(2):73–9. Cashin A, O’Connell J, Christofis L, Lentakis A, Rossi M, Crellin D. Clinical initiative nurses and nurse practitioners in the emergency department: what’s in a name? AustEmergNurs. 2007;10(2):73–9.
14.
go back to reference Maier CB, Barnes H, Aiken LH, Busse R. Descriptive, cross-country analysis of the nurse practitioner workforce in six countries: size, growth, physician substitution potential. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011901.CrossRef Maier CB, Barnes H, Aiken LH, Busse R. Descriptive, cross-country analysis of the nurse practitioner workforce in six countries: size, growth, physician substitution potential. BMJ Open. 2016;6(9):e011901.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Morilla-Herrera JC, Garcia-Mayor S, Martín-Santos FJ, KaknaniUttumchandani S, Leon Campos Á, Caro Bautista J, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness and roles of advanced practice nursing in older people. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016;53:290–307.CrossRef Morilla-Herrera JC, Garcia-Mayor S, Martín-Santos FJ, KaknaniUttumchandani S, Leon Campos Á, Caro Bautista J, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness and roles of advanced practice nursing in older people. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016;53:290–307.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Helms C, Gardner A, McInnes E. Consensus on an Australian nurse practitioner specialty framework using delphi methodology: results from the CLLEVER 2 study. J AdvNurs. 2017;73(2):433–47. Helms C, Gardner A, McInnes E. Consensus on an Australian nurse practitioner specialty framework using delphi methodology: results from the CLLEVER 2 study. J AdvNurs. 2017;73(2):433–47.
21.
go back to reference Wilson A, Zwart E, Everett I, Kernick J. The clinical effectiveness of nurse practitioner’ management of minor injuries in an adult emergency department: a systemic review. Int J Evid Based Health Care. 2009;7:3–14.CrossRef Wilson A, Zwart E, Everett I, Kernick J. The clinical effectiveness of nurse practitioner’ management of minor injuries in an adult emergency department: a systemic review. Int J Evid Based Health Care. 2009;7:3–14.CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Parker R, Forrest L, McCracken J, McRae I, Cox D. What primary health-care services are Australian consumers willing to accept from nurse practitioners? A National Survey. Health Expect . 2014;17(5):733–40.CrossRef Parker R, Forrest L, McCracken J, McRae I, Cox D. What primary health-care services are Australian consumers willing to accept from nurse practitioners? A National Survey. Health Expect . 2014;17(5):733–40.CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Hooker RS, Moloney-Johns AJ, McFarland MM. Patient satisfaction with physician assistant/associate care: an international scoping review. Human Res Health. 2019;17(1):104.CrossRef Hooker RS, Moloney-Johns AJ, McFarland MM. Patient satisfaction with physician assistant/associate care: an international scoping review. Human Res Health. 2019;17(1):104.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Paddison CA, Abel GA, Burt J, Campbell JL, Elliott MN, Lattimer V, et al. What happens to patient experience when you want to see a doctor and you get to speak to a nurse? Observational study using data from the English General Practice Patient Survey. BMJ open. 2018;8(2):e018690.CrossRef Paddison CA, Abel GA, Burt J, Campbell JL, Elliott MN, Lattimer V, et al. What happens to patient experience when you want to see a doctor and you get to speak to a nurse? Observational study using data from the English General Practice Patient Survey. BMJ open. 2018;8(2):e018690.CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Byrne G, Richardson M, Brunsdon J, Patel A. An evaluation of the care of patients with minor injuries in emergency settings. AccidEmergNurs. 2000;8(2):101–9. Byrne G, Richardson M, Brunsdon J, Patel A. An evaluation of the care of patients with minor injuries in emergency settings. AccidEmergNurs. 2000;8(2):101–9.
29.
go back to reference Roche TE, Gardner G, Lewis PA. Effectiveness of an emergency nurse practitioner service for adults presenting to rural hospitals with chest pain: protocol for a multicentre, longitudinal nested cohort study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(2):e006997.CrossRef Roche TE, Gardner G, Lewis PA. Effectiveness of an emergency nurse practitioner service for adults presenting to rural hospitals with chest pain: protocol for a multicentre, longitudinal nested cohort study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(2):e006997.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Wilson A, Shifaza F. An evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of nurse practitioners in an adult emergency department. Int J NursPract. 2008;14:149–56. Wilson A, Shifaza F. An evaluation of the effectiveness and acceptability of nurse practitioners in an adult emergency department. Int J NursPract. 2008;14:149–56.
32.
go back to reference Jennings N, Lee G, Chao K, Keating S. A survey of patient satisfaction in a metropolitan emergency department: comparing nurse practitioners and emergency physicians. Int J NursPract. 2009;15(3):213–8. Jennings N, Lee G, Chao K, Keating S. A survey of patient satisfaction in a metropolitan emergency department: comparing nurse practitioners and emergency physicians. Int J NursPract. 2009;15(3):213–8.
33.
go back to reference Jennings N, Clifford S, Fox AR, O’Connell J, Gardner G. The impact of nurse practitioner services on cost, quality of care, satisfaction and waiting times in the emergency department: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52(1):421–35.CrossRef Jennings N, Clifford S, Fox AR, O’Connell J, Gardner G. The impact of nurse practitioner services on cost, quality of care, satisfaction and waiting times in the emergency department: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52(1):421–35.CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Jakimowicz S, Stirling C, Duddle M. An investigation of factors that impact patients’ subjective experience of nurse-led clinics: a qualitative systematic review. J ClinNurs. 2015;24(1–2):19–33. Jakimowicz S, Stirling C, Duddle M. An investigation of factors that impact patients’ subjective experience of nurse-led clinics: a qualitative systematic review. J ClinNurs. 2015;24(1–2):19–33.
36.
go back to reference Davey R, Clark S, Goss J, Parker R, Hungerford C, Gibson D. National evaluation of the nurse practitioner-aged care models of practice initiative: summary of findings. Centre for research & action in public health. Canberra: UC Health Research Institute, University of Canberra; 2015. Davey R, Clark S, Goss J, Parker R, Hungerford C, Gibson D. National evaluation of the nurse practitioner-aged care models of practice initiative: summary of findings. Centre for research & action in public health. Canberra: UC Health Research Institute, University of Canberra; 2015.
39.
go back to reference Dill MJ, Pankow S, Erikson C, Shipman S. Survey shows consumers open to a greater role for physician assistants and nurse practitioners. Health Aff (Millwood). 2013;32(6):1135–42.CrossRef Dill MJ, Pankow S, Erikson C, Shipman S. Survey shows consumers open to a greater role for physician assistants and nurse practitioners. Health Aff (Millwood). 2013;32(6):1135–42.CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Laurant MG, Hermens RP, Braspenning JC, Akkermans RP, Sibbald B, Grol RP. An overview of patients’ preference for, and satisfaction with, care provided by general practitioners and nurse practitioners. J ClinNurs. 2008;17(20):2690–8. Laurant MG, Hermens RP, Braspenning JC, Akkermans RP, Sibbald B, Grol RP. An overview of patients’ preference for, and satisfaction with, care provided by general practitioners and nurse practitioners. J ClinNurs. 2008;17(20):2690–8.
47.
go back to reference Hoskins R. Evaluating new roles within emergency care: a literature review. IntEmergNurs. 2010;19(3):125–40. Hoskins R. Evaluating new roles within emergency care: a literature review. IntEmergNurs. 2010;19(3):125–40.
48.
go back to reference Parker R, Forrest L, Ward N, McCracken J, Cox D, Derrett J. How acceptable are primary health care nurse practitioners to Australian consumers? Collegian. 2013;20:35–41.CrossRef Parker R, Forrest L, Ward N, McCracken J, Cox D, Derrett J. How acceptable are primary health care nurse practitioners to Australian consumers? Collegian. 2013;20:35–41.CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Evans H, Chappell R, Wright E. Using the Omnibus Survey to test questions on emigration. Popul Trends. 2007;127:15–9. Evans H, Chappell R, Wright E. Using the Omnibus Survey to test questions on emigration. Popul Trends. 2007;127:15–9.
50.
go back to reference Craswell A, Dwyer T. Reasons for choosing or refusing care from a Nurse Practitioner: Results from a national population-based survey. J AdvNurs. 2019;75:3668–76. Craswell A, Dwyer T. Reasons for choosing or refusing care from a Nurse Practitioner: Results from a national population-based survey. J AdvNurs. 2019;75:3668–76.
51.
go back to reference CQUniversity Australia Population Research Laboratory. National Social Survey 2015 (NSS-2015). Rockhampton: CQUniversity; 2015. CQUniversity Australia Population Research Laboratory. National Social Survey 2015 (NSS-2015). Rockhampton: CQUniversity; 2015.
53.
go back to reference Kuijpers RE, Van der Ark LA, Croon MA. Standard errors and confidence intervals for scalability coefficients in Mokken scale analysis using marginal models. Sociol Methodol. 2013;43:42–69.CrossRef Kuijpers RE, Van der Ark LA, Croon MA. Standard errors and confidence intervals for scalability coefficients in Mokken scale analysis using marginal models. Sociol Methodol. 2013;43:42–69.CrossRef
54.
go back to reference Mokken RJ. A theory and procedure of scale analysis with applications in political research. New York: Walter de Gruyter ( Mouton); 1971.CrossRef Mokken RJ. A theory and procedure of scale analysis with applications in political research. New York: Walter de Gruyter ( Mouton); 1971.CrossRef
56.
go back to reference Lowe G, Plummer V, Boyd L. Integration of nurse practitioners using a change management framework: the way forward. Aust Health Rev. 2017;41(5):553–60.CrossRef Lowe G, Plummer V, Boyd L. Integration of nurse practitioners using a change management framework: the way forward. Aust Health Rev. 2017;41(5):553–60.CrossRef
58.
go back to reference Spetz J, Skillman SM, Andrilla CHA. Nurse practitioner autonomy and satisfaction in rural settings. Med Care Res Rev. 2017;74(2):227–35.CrossRef Spetz J, Skillman SM, Andrilla CHA. Nurse practitioner autonomy and satisfaction in rural settings. Med Care Res Rev. 2017;74(2):227–35.CrossRef
59.
go back to reference Desborough J, Parker R, Forrest L. Nurse satisfaction with working in a nurse led primary care walk-in centre: an Australian experience. Aust J AdvNurs. 2013;31(1):11–9. Desborough J, Parker R, Forrest L. Nurse satisfaction with working in a nurse led primary care walk-in centre: an Australian experience. Aust J AdvNurs. 2013;31(1):11–9.
60.
go back to reference Smith T, McNeil K, Mitchell R, Boyle B, Ries N. A study of macro-, meso-and micro-barriers and enablers affecting extended scopes of practice: the case of rural nurse practitioners in Australia. BMC Nurs. 2019;18(1):14.CrossRef Smith T, McNeil K, Mitchell R, Boyle B, Ries N. A study of macro-, meso-and micro-barriers and enablers affecting extended scopes of practice: the case of rural nurse practitioners in Australia. BMC Nurs. 2019;18(1):14.CrossRef
61.
go back to reference Kreuter F, Presser S, Tourangeau R. Social desirability bias in CATI, IVR, and web surveys. Public Opin Q. 2008;72(5):847–65.CrossRef Kreuter F, Presser S, Tourangeau R. Social desirability bias in CATI, IVR, and web surveys. Public Opin Q. 2008;72(5):847–65.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Predictive factors of the general public’s willingness to be seen and seek treatment from a nurse practitioner in Australia: a cross-sectional national survey
Authors
Trudy Dwyer
Alison Craswell
Matthew Browne
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Care
Published in
Human Resources for Health / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1478-4491
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00562-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

Human Resources for Health 1/2021 Go to the issue