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Human Resources for Health
Published in: Human Resources for Health 1/2021

01-12-2021 | Care | Review

What do we mean by individual capacity strengthening for primary health care in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic scoping review to improve conceptual clarity

Authors: Mairéad Finn, Brynne Gilmore, Greg Sheaf, Frédérique Vallières

Published in: Human Resources for Health | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

Capacity strengthening of primary health care workers is widely used as a means to strengthen health service delivery, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the widespread recognition of the importance of capacity strengthening to improve access to quality health care, how the term ‘capacity strengthening’ is both used and measured varies substantially across the literature. This scoping review sought to identify the most common domains of individual capacity strengthening, as well as their most common forms of measurement, to generate a better understanding of what is meant by the term ‘capacity strengthening’ for primary health care workers.

Methods

Six electronic databases were searched for studies published between January 2000 and October 2020. A total of 4474 articles were screened at title and abstract phase and 323 full-text articles were reviewed. 55 articles were ultimately identified for inclusion, covering various geographic settings and health topics.

Results

Capacity strengthening is predominantly conceptualised in relation to knowledge and skills, as either sole domains of capacity, or used in combination with other domains including self-efficacy, practices, ability, and competencies. Capacity strengthening is primarily measured using pre- and post-tests, practical evaluations, and observation. These occur along study-specific indicators, though some pre-existing, validated tools are also used.

Conclusion

The concept of capacity strengthening for primary health care workers reflected across a number of relevant frameworks and theories differs from what is commonly seen in practice. A framework of individual capacity strengthening across intra-personal, inter-personal, and technical domains is proposed, as an initial step towards building a common consensus of individual capacity strengthening for future work.
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Metadata
Title
What do we mean by individual capacity strengthening for primary health care in low- and middle-income countries? A systematic scoping review to improve conceptual clarity
Authors
Mairéad Finn
Brynne Gilmore
Greg Sheaf
Frédérique Vallières
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Care
Published in
Human Resources for Health / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1478-4491
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-020-00547-y

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Correction to: Optimizing the contributions of nursing and midwifery workforces: #Protect, #Invest, #Together