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Molecular Cancer
Published in: Molecular Cancer 1/2021

01-12-2021 | COVID-19 | Review

mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy

Authors: Yang Wang, Ziqi Zhang, Jingwen Luo, Xuejiao Han, Yuquan Wei, Xiawei Wei

Published in: Molecular Cancer | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

mRNA vaccines have tremendous potential to fight against cancer and viral diseases due to superiorities in safety, efficacy and industrial production. In recent decades, we have witnessed the development of different kinds of mRNAs by sequence optimization to overcome the disadvantage of excessive mRNA immunogenicity, instability and inefficiency. Based on the immunological study, mRNA vaccines are coupled with immunologic adjuvant and various delivery strategies. Except for sequence optimization, the assistance of mRNA-delivering strategies is another method to stabilize mRNAs and improve their efficacy. The understanding of increasing the antigen reactiveness gains insight into mRNA-induced innate immunity and adaptive immunity without antibody-dependent enhancement activity. Therefore, to address the problem, scientists further exploited carrier-based mRNA vaccines (lipid-based delivery, polymer-based delivery, peptide-based delivery, virus-like replicon particle and cationic nanoemulsion), naked mRNA vaccines and dendritic cells-based mRNA vaccines. The article will discuss the molecular biology of mRNA vaccines and underlying anti-virus and anti-tumor mechanisms, with an introduction of their immunological phenomena, delivery strategies, their importance on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related clinical trials against cancer and viral diseases. Finally, we will discuss the challenge of mRNA vaccines against bacterial and parasitic diseases.
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Metadata
Title
mRNA vaccine: a potential therapeutic strategy
Authors
Yang Wang
Ziqi Zhang
Jingwen Luo
Xuejiao Han
Yuquan Wei
Xiawei Wei
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
COVID-19
Published in
Molecular Cancer / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1476-4598
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01311-z

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