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BMC Medicine
Published in: BMC Medicine 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Minireview

Translational models for vascular cognitive impairment: a review including larger species

Authors: Atticus H. Hainsworth, Stuart M. Allan, Johannes Boltze, Catriona Cunningham, Chad Farris, Elizabeth Head, Masafumi Ihara, Jeremy D. Isaacs, Raj N. Kalaria, Saskia A. M. J. Lesnik Oberstein, Mark B. Moss, Björn Nitzsche, Gary A. Rosenberg, Julie W. Rutten, Melita Salkovic-Petrisic, Aron M. Troen

Published in: BMC Medicine | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Disease models are useful for prospective studies of pathology, identification of molecular and cellular mechanisms, pre-clinical testing of interventions, and validation of clinical biomarkers. Here, we review animal models relevant to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). A synopsis of each model was initially presented by expert practitioners. Synopses were refined by the authors, and subsequently by the scientific committee of a recent conference (International Conference on Vascular Dementia 2015). Only peer-reviewed sources were cited.

Methods

We included models that mimic VCI-related brain lesions (white matter hypoperfusion injury, focal ischaemia, cerebral amyloid angiopathy) or reproduce VCI risk factors (old age, hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, high-salt/high-fat diet) or reproduce genetic causes of VCI (CADASIL-causing Notch3 mutations).

Conclusions

We concluded that (1) translational models may reflect a VCI-relevant pathological process, while not fully replicating a human disease spectrum; (2) rodent models of VCI are limited by paucity of white matter; and (3) further translational models, and improved cognitive testing instruments, are required.
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Metadata
Title
Translational models for vascular cognitive impairment: a review including larger species
Authors
Atticus H. Hainsworth
Stuart M. Allan
Johannes Boltze
Catriona Cunningham
Chad Farris
Elizabeth Head
Masafumi Ihara
Jeremy D. Isaacs
Raj N. Kalaria
Saskia A. M. J. Lesnik Oberstein
Mark B. Moss
Björn Nitzsche
Gary A. Rosenberg
Julie W. Rutten
Melita Salkovic-Petrisic
Aron M. Troen
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medicine / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1741-7015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0793-9

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