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Published in: BMC Medicine 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Review

Neuropsychiatric lupus: a mosaic of clinical presentations

Authors: Shaye Kivity, Nancy Agmon-Levin, Gisele Zandman-Goddard, Joab Chapman, Yehuda Shoenfeld

Published in: BMC Medicine | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Neuropsychiatric symptoms affect nearly half of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; however, the effect on disease severity, quality of life, and prognosis is tremendous. Symptoms of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus may range from mild diffuse ones, to acute life threatening events. Although the underlying mechanisms are still largely unraveled, several pathogenic pathways are identified, such as antibody-mediated neurotoxicity, vasculopathy due to anti-phospholipid antibodies and other mechanisms, and cytokine-induced neurotoxicity. In the current review, we describe the old and the new regarding epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. The possible link between neuropsychiatric symptoms and specific mechanisms may help to facilitate our understanding of the disease in the future, thus allowing for better treatment strategies.
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Metadata
Title
Neuropsychiatric lupus: a mosaic of clinical presentations
Authors
Shaye Kivity
Nancy Agmon-Levin
Gisele Zandman-Goddard
Joab Chapman
Yehuda Shoenfeld
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medicine / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1741-7015
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0269-8

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