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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2020

Open Access 01-12-2020 | Oral Microbiota | Review

The role of the oral microbiota in chronic non-communicable disease and its relevance to the Indigenous health gap in Australia

Authors: Matilda Handsley-Davis, Lisa Jamieson, Kostas Kapellas, Joanne Hedges, Laura S. Weyrich

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2020

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Abstract

Background

Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders (hereafter respectfully referred to as Indigenous Australians) experience disproportionately poor health and low life expectancy compared to non-Indigenous Australians. Poor oral health is a critical, but understudied, contributor to this health gap. A considerable body of evidence links poor oral health to increased risks of other chronic non-communicable conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and poor emotional wellbeing. 

Main

The oral microbiota is indisputably associated with several oral diseases that disproportionately affect Indigenous Australians. Furthermore, a growing literature suggests direct and indirect links between the oral microbiota and systemic chronic non-communicable diseases that underpin much of the Indigenous health gap in Australia. Recent research indicates that oral microbial communities are shaped by a combination of cultural and lifestyle factors and are inherited from caregivers to children. Systematic differences in oral microbiota diversity and composition have been identified between Indigenous and non-Indigenous individuals in Australia and elsewhere, suggesting that microbiota-related diseases may be distinct in Indigenous Australians. 

Conclusion

Oral microbiota research involving Indigenous Australians is a promising new area that could benefit Indigenous communities in numerous ways. These potential benefits include: (1) ensuring equity and access for Indigenous Australians in microbiota-related therapies; (2) opportunities for knowledge-sharing and collaborative research between scientists and Indigenous communities; and (3) using knowledge about the oral microbiota and chronic disease to help close the gaps in Indigenous oral and systemic health.
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Metadata
Title
The role of the oral microbiota in chronic non-communicable disease and its relevance to the Indigenous health gap in Australia
Authors
Matilda Handsley-Davis
Lisa Jamieson
Kostas Kapellas
Joanne Hedges
Laura S. Weyrich
Publication date
01-12-2020
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2020
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-01308-y

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