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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Technical advance

Clinical validation and assessment of a modular fluorescent imaging system and algorithm for rapid detection and quantification of dental plaque

Authors: Keith Angelino, Pratik Shah, David A. Edlund, Mrinal Mohit, Gregory Yauney

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Significant numbers of adults and children have untreated plaque due to poor oral hygiene and consequently suffer from associate dental and systemic diseases.

Methods

A handheld device equipped with 405 nm light-emitting diodes was constructed to examine the prevalence of red fluorescence signatures associated with dental plaque. This device was used for in vivo imaging of all four incisors and all four canines of twenty-eight consenting human subjects. The same areas were further imaged under white light illumination with a commercial image-processing based plaque-imaging device, and evaluated by a hygienist and dentist. A custom computer vision algorithm using pixel information was developed to calculate plaque coverage ratios ranging from 0 (no plaque) to 1 (complete plaque coverage) for images captured by both devices.

Results

The algorithm calculated red fluorescence-based plaque coverage ratios ranging from 0.011 to 0.211 for the subjects imaged. Clinical assessment and statistical analyses of associated plaque ratios of the 405 nm device images indicated high sensitivity and specificity in detecting dental plaque by the experimental device compared to the commercial reference device.

Conclusions

The low-cost and open source 405 nm device and the associated computer vision algorithm successfully captured red fluorescence signatures associated with dental plaque and demonstrated comparable performance to a commercially available device. Therefore, a proof of concept validation was provided for the construction and application of a sensitive cost-effective plaque-detecting device. A miniaturized mobile adaptable version of the device was also provided, together with and a step-by-step guide for device assembly and webhost the associated software, to facilitate open-source access to a cost-effective at-home, in-clinic oral care technology.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.​gov NCT03379337, December 19 2017. Retrospectively registered.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
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Metadata
Title
Clinical validation and assessment of a modular fluorescent imaging system and algorithm for rapid detection and quantification of dental plaque
Authors
Keith Angelino
Pratik Shah
David A. Edlund
Mrinal Mohit
Gregory Yauney
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0472-4

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