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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Coordinate and synergistic effects of extensive treadmill exercise and ovariectomy on articular cartilage degeneration

Authors: Kazumasa Miyatake, Takeshi Muneta, Miyoko Ojima, Jun Yamada, Yu Matsukura, Kahaer Abula, Ichiro Sekiya, Kunikazu Tsuji

Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

Although osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease, little has been reported regarding the cooperative interaction among these factors on cartilage metabolism. Here we examined the synergistic effect of ovariectomy (OVX) and excessive mechanical stress (forced running) on articular cartilage homeostasis in a mouse model resembling a human postmenopausal condition.

Methods

Mice were randomly divided into four groups, I: Sham, II: OVX, III: Sham and forced running (60 km in 6 weeks), and IV: OVX and forced running. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the degeneration of articular cartilage and synovitis in the knee joint. Morphological changes of subchondral bone were analyzed by micro-CT.

Results

Micro-CT analyses showed significant loss of metaphyseal trabecular bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) after OVX as described previously. Forced running increased the trabecular BV/TV in all mice. In the epiphyseal region, no visible alteration in bone morphology or osteophyte formation was observed in any of the four groups. Histological analysis revealed that OVX or forced running respectively had subtle effects on cartilage degeneration. However, the combination of OVX and forced running synergistically enhanced synovitis and articular cartilage degeneration. Although morphological changes in chondrocytes were observed during OA initiation, no signs of bone marrow edema were observed in any of the four experimental groups.

Conclusion

We report the coordinate and synergistic effects of extensive treadmill exercise and ovariectomy on articular cartilage degeneration. Since no surgical procedure was performed on the knee joint directly in this model, this model is useful in addressing the molecular pathogenesis of naturally occurring OA.
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Metadata
Title
Coordinate and synergistic effects of extensive treadmill exercise and ovariectomy on articular cartilage degeneration
Authors
Kazumasa Miyatake
Takeshi Muneta
Miyoko Ojima
Jun Yamada
Yu Matsukura
Kahaer Abula
Ichiro Sekiya
Kunikazu Tsuji
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-016-1094-8

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