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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

The efficacy of topical tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis

Authors: Shubiao Chen, Kezhou Wu, Gengbin Kong, Weili Feng, Zhihua Deng, Hu Wang

Published in: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Issue 1/2016

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Abstracts

Background

Topical tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to be effective in reducing blood loss and the need for transfusion after total knee arthroplasty. However, the effectiveness of topical TXA use in total hip arthroplasty (THA) still remains unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to examine the safety and efficacy of topical use of TXA following THA.
Hypothesis: Topical TXA reduces blood loss and transfusion rates without increasing risk of deep vein thrombosis in patients with THA.

Methods

An electronic literature search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Chinese Biomedical Database was performed, to identify studies published before February 2015. All randomized controlled trials and cohort studies evaluating the efficacy of topical TXA during THA were included. Two independent authors identified the eligible studies, assessed their methodological quality, and extracted data. The data were using fixed-effects or random-effects models with (standard) mean differences and risk ratios for continuous and dichotomous variables, respectively. Data were analysed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results

Fourteen studies encompassing 2594 patients met the inclusion criteria for our meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis indicated that when compared with the placebo group, topical use of TXA significantly reduced total blood loss (MD = −297.65 ml, 95 % CI −371.68 ml, 116.08 ml; P < 0.01), drainage loss (MD = −164.68 ml, 95 % CI −236.63 ml, −92.73 ml; P < 0.01), transfusion rate (RR = 0.26, 95 % CI 0.17, 0.40; P < 0.01) and with less of a drop in haemoglobin level (SMD = −0.66, 95 % CI −0.91, −0.41; P < 0.01) after primary THA. No significant difference in length of hospital stay (MD = −0.40, 95 % CI −0.91, 0.11; P = 0.14), deep vein thrombosis (RR = 1.19, 95 % CI 0.40, 3.57; P = 0.16) and pulmonary embolism (RR = 1.11, 95 % CI 0.11, 10.81; P = 0.21) among the study groups.

Conclusions

Topical TXA could significantly reduce total blood loss, drainage loss, transfusion rates and decrease haemoglobin level following THA, without increasing risk of venous thromboembolisms.
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Metadata
Title
The efficacy of topical tranexamic acid in total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis
Authors
Shubiao Chen
Kezhou Wu
Gengbin Kong
Weili Feng
Zhihua Deng
Hu Wang
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-016-0923-0

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