Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Anxiety | Research article

Sedentary behaviors and anxiety among children, adolescents and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Bartlomiej Stanczykiewicz, Anna Banik, Nina Knoll, Jan Keller, Diana Hilda Hohl, Joanna Rosińczuk, Aleksandra Luszczynska

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2019

Abstract

Background

Although the number of studies examining the relationships between sedentary behaviors (SB) and anxiety is growing, an overarching evidence, taking into account children, adolescents, and adults as well as different types of SB and different categories of anxiety outcomes, is still missing. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at obtaining a comprehensive overview of existing evidence.

Methods

A search in the following databases: PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Academic Search Complete, ERIC, HealthSource: Nursing/Academic Edition and MEDLINE, resulted in k = 31 original studies included in the systematic review (total N = 99,192) and k = 17 (total N = 27,443) included in the meta-analysis. Main inclusion criteria referred to testing the SB--anxiety relationship, the quality score (above the threshold of 65%), and the language of publications (English). The study was following the PRISMA statement and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42017068517).

Results

Both the systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that overall average effects were small: higher levels of symptoms of anxiety were associated with higher levels of SB (weighted r = .093, 95% CI [.055, .130], p < .001). Moderator analyses indicated that trends for stronger effects were observed among adults, compared to children/adolescents (p = .085).

Conclusions

Further longitudinal studies are necessary to elucidate the predictive direction of the anxiety—SB relationship and to clarify whether the effects depend on the type of anxiety indicators.

Available only for authorised users

Tremblay MS, Colley RC, Saunders TJ, Healy GN, Owen N. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010;35(6):725–40. https://doi.org/10.1139/h10-079.CrossRefPubMed

Owen N, Healy GN, Matthews CE, Dunstan DW. Too much sitting: the population health science of sedentary behavior. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2010;38(3):105–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/jes.0b013e3181e373a2.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Pate RR, O'Neill JR, Lobelo F. The evolving definition of “sedentary”. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2008;36(4):173–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/jes.0b013e3181e373a2.CrossRefPubMed

Kelly LA, McMillan DG, Anderson A, Fippinger M, Fillerup G, Rider J. Validity of actigraphs uniaxial and triaxial accelerometers for assessment of physical activity in adults in laboratory conditions. BMC Med Phys. 2013;13(1):5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6649-13-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Marshall S, Kerr J, Carlson J, Cadmus-Bertram L, Patterson R, Wasilenko K, Crist K, Rosenberg D, Natarajan L. Patterns of weekday and weekend sedentary behavior among older adults. J Aging Phys Act. 2014;23(4):534–41. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2013-0208.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Schmitz KH, Harnack L, Fulton JE, Jacobs DR Jr, Gao S, Lytle LA, Van Coevering P. Reliability and validity of a brief questionnaire to assess television viewing and computer use by middle school children. J Sch Health. 2004;74(9):370–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2004.tb06632.x.CrossRefPubMed

Biddle SJ, García Bengoechea E, Wiesner G. Sedentary behaviour and adiposity in youth: a systematic review of reviews and analysis of causality. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017;14(1):43. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0497-8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Tremblay MS, Aubert S, Barnes JD, Saunders TJ, Carson V, Latimer-Cheung AE, Chastin SFM, Altenburg TM, Chinapaw MJM. SBRN Terminology Consensus Project Participants. Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN) - Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2017;14(1):75. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Arundell L, Fletcher E, Salmon J, Veitch J, Hinkley T. A systematic review of the prevalence of sedentary behavior during the after-school period among children aged 5-18 years. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016;13:93. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0419-1.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Harvey JA, Chastin SF, Skelton DA. Prevalence of sedentary behavior in older adults: a systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013;10(12):6645–61. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10126645.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

11.

Dunstan DW, Barr EL, Healy GN, Salmon J, Shaw JE, Balkau B, Magliano DJ, Cameron AJ, Zimmet PZ, Owen N. Television viewing time and mortality: the Australian diabetes, obesity and lifestyle study (AusDiab). Circulation. 2010;121(3):384–91. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.109.894824.CrossRefPubMed

12.

Katzmarzyk PT, Church TS, Craig CL, Bouchard C. Sitting time and mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(5):998–1005. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3181930355.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Thorp AA, Owen N, Neuhaus M, Dunstan DW. Sedentary behaviors and subsequent health outcomes in adults a systematic review of longitudinal studies, 1996-2011. Am J Prev Med. 2011;41(2):207–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.004.CrossRefPubMed

14.

de Rezende LF, Rodrigues Lopes M, Rey-López JP, Matsudo VK, Luiz OC. Sedentary behavior and health outcomes: an overview of systematic reviews. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e105620. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105620.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

15.

Teychenne M, Ball K, Salmon J. Sedentary behavior and depression among adults: a review. Int J Behav Med. 2010;17(4):246–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-010-9075-z.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Allen MS, Walter EE, Swann C. Sedentary behaviour and risk of anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;242:5–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.081.CrossRefPubMed

17.

Hoare E, Milton K, Foster C, Allender S. The associations between sedentary behaviour and mental health among adolescents: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016;13(1):108. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0432-4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

18.

Teychenne M, Costigan SA, Parker K. The association between sedentary behaviour and risk of anxiety: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:513. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1843-x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

19.

Baxter AJ, Scott KM, Vos T, Whiteford HA. Global prevalence of anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-regression. Psychol Med. 2013;43(5):897–910. https://doi.org/10.1017/s003329171200147x.CrossRefPubMed

20.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.CrossRef

21.

Spielberger CD. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologist Press; 1983.

22.

Bandelow B, Michaelis S. Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015;17(3):327–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2007.01.007.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(6):593–602. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593.CrossRefPubMed

24.

Boyko EJ, Seelig AD, Jacobson IG, Hooper TI, Smith B, Smith TC, Crum-Cianflone NF. Millennium cohort study team. Sleep characteristics, mental health, and diabetes risk: a prospective study of U.S. military service members in the millennium cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2013;36(10):3154–61. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-0042.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Lambiase MJ, Kubzansky LD, Thurston RC. Prospective study of anxiety and incident stroke. Stroke. 2014;45(2):438–43. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.113.003741.CrossRefPubMed

26.

Roest AM, Martens EJ, de Jonge P, Denollet J. Anxiety and risk of incident coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(1):38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2010.03.034.CrossRefPubMed

27.

Scott KM. Depression, anxiety and incident cardiometabolic diseases. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2014;27(4):289–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0000000000000067.CrossRefPubMed

28.

Rebar AL, Stanton R, Geard D, Short C, Duncan MJ, Vandelanotte C. A meta-meta-analysis of the effect of physical activity on depression and anxiety in non-clinical adult populations. Health Psychol Rev. 2015;9(3):366–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2015.1022901.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Ströhle A. Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. J Neural Transm. 2009;116(6):777–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-008-0092-x.CrossRefPubMed

30.

Salmon P. Effects of physical exercise on anxiety, depression, and sensitivity to stress: a unifying theory. Clin Psychol Rev. 2001;21(1):33–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(99)00032-X.CrossRefPubMed

31.

Christianson JP, Ragole T, Amat J, Greenwood BN, Strong PV, Paul ED, Fleshner M, Watkins LR, Maier SF. 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors in the basolateral amygdala are involved in the expression of anxiety after uncontrollable traumatic stress. Biol Psychiatry. 2010;67(4):339–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.09.011.CrossRefPubMed

32.

Greenwood BN, Strong PV, Loughridge AB, Day HE, Clark PJ, Mika A, Hellwinkel JE, Spence KG, Fleshner M. 5-HT2C receptors in the basolateral amygdala and dorsal striatum are a novel target for the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of exercise. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e46118. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046118.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Kraut R, Kiesler S, Boneva B, Cummings J, Helgeson V, Crawford A. Internet paradox revisited. J Soc Issues. 2002;58(1):49–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00248.CrossRef

34.

Atkin AJ, Adams E, Bull FC, Biddle SJ. Non-occupational sitting and mental well-being in employed adults. Ann Behav Med. 2012;43(2):181–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9320-y.CrossRefPubMed

35.

Smith L, Hamer M. Sedentary behaviour and psychosocial health across the life course. In: Leitzmann MF, Jochem C, Schmid D, editors. Sedentary behaviour epidemiology. Cham: Springer; 2018. p. 311–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3_12.CrossRef

36.

Chastin SF, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Dontje ML, Skelton DA. Combined effects of time spent in physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep on obesity and cardio-metabolic health markers: a novel compositional data analysis approach. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0139984. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0139984.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

37.

O'Donoghue G, Perchoux C, Mensah K, Lakerveld J, van der Ploeg H, Bernaards C, Chastin SF, Simon C, O'Gorman D, Nazare JA, DEDIPAC Consortium. A systematic review of correlates of sedentary behaviour in adults aged 18-65 years: a socio-ecological approach. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:163. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2841-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

38.

Stierlin AS, De Lepeleere S, Cardon G, Dargent-Molina P, Hoffmann B, Murphy MH, Kennedy A, O'Donoghue G, Chastin SF, De Craemer M, DEDIPAC Consortium. A systematic review of determinants of sedentary behaviour in youth: a DEDIPAC-study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015;12:133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0291-4.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Chastin SF, De Craemer M, Lien N, Bernaards C, Buck C, Oppert JM, Nazare JA, Lakerveld J, O'Donoghue G, Holdsworth M, et al. The SOS-framework (Systems of Sedentary behaviours): an international transdisciplinary consensus framework for the study of determinants, research priorities and policy on sedentary behaviour across the life course: a DEDIPAC-study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016;13:83. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0409-3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Costigan SA, Barnett L, Plotnikoff RC, Lubans DR. The health indicators associated with screen-based sedentary behavior among adolescent girls: a systematic review. J Adolesc Health. 2013;52(4):382–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.07.018.CrossRefPubMed

41.

Edwards MK, Loprinzi PD. Experimentally increasing sedentary behavior results in increased anxiety in an active young adult population. J Affect Disord. 2016;204:166–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.045.CrossRefPubMed

42.

Motl RW, McAuley E. Physical activity, disability, and quality of life in older adults. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2010;21(2):299–308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2009.12.006.CrossRefPubMed

43.

Prince SA. Interventions directed at reducing sedentary behaviour in persons with pre-existing disease or disability. In: Leitzmann MF, Jochem C, Schmid D, editors. Sedentary behaviour epidemiology. Cham: Springer; 2018. p. 471–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3_20.CrossRef

44.

Copeland JL, Ashe MC, Biddle SJ, Brown WJ, Buman MP, Chastin S, Gardiner PA, Inoue S, Jefferis BJ, Oka K, et al. Sedentary time in older adults: a critical review of measurement, associations with health, and interventions. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51(21):1539. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-097210.CrossRefPubMed

45.

Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

46.

Kmet LM, Lee RC, Cook LS. Standard quality assessment criteria for evaluating primary research papers from a variety of fields. Edmonton: Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research (AHFMR); 2004. Available from: http://www.ihe.ca/advanced-search/standard-quality-assessment-criteria-for-evaluating-primary-research-papers-from-a-variety-of-fields

47.

Jüni P, Holenstein F, Sterne J, Bartlett C, Egger M. Direction and impact of language bias in meta-analyses of controlled trials: empirical study. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31(1):115–23. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/31.1.115.CrossRefPubMed

48.

Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0 [updated March 2011]. London: The Cochrane Collaboration; 2011. Available from: http://handbook-5-1.cochrane.org/

49.

Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Chichester: Wiley; 2008.

50.

Sedentary Behaviour Research Network. Letter to the editor: standardized use of the terms “sedentary” and “sedentary behaviours”. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012;37(3):540–2. https://doi.org/10.1139/h2012-024.CrossRef

51.

Boberska M, Szczuka Z, Kruk M, Knoll N, Keller J, Hohl DH, Luszczynska A. Sedentary behaviours and health-related quality of life. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev. 2018;12(2):195–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2017.1396191.CrossRefPubMed

52.

Luszczynska A, Pawlowska I, Cieslak R, Knoll N, Scholz U. Social support and quality of life among lung cancer patients: a systematic review. Psychooncology. 2013;22(10):2160–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3218.CrossRefPubMed

53.

Sallis JF, Prochaska JJ, Taylor WC. A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000;32(5):963–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200005000-00014.CrossRefPubMed

54.

Borenstein M, Hedges L, Higgins J, Rothstein H. Comprehensive meta-analysis version 2. Englewood: Biostat; 2005.

55.

Bax L, Yu LM, Ikeda N, Moons KG. A systematic comparison of software dedicated to meta-analysis of causal studies. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2007;7:40. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-7-40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

56.

Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins JP, Rothstein HR. Introduction to meta-analysis. Chichester: Wiley; 2011. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470743386.CrossRef

57.

Hunter JE, Schmidt FL. Methods of meta-analysis: correcting error and bias in research findings. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications; 2004. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483398105.CrossRef

58.

Hedges LV, Pigott TD. The power of statistical tests for moderators in meta-analysis. Psychol Methods. 2004;9(4):426–45. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.9.4.426.CrossRefPubMed

59.

Asfour L, Koussa M, Perrino T, Stoutenberg M, Prado G. The association of organized and unorganized physical activity and sedentary behavior with internalizing and externalizing symptoms in Hispanic adolescents. Child Adolesc Mental Health. 2015;21(2):109–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12139.CrossRef

60.

Achenbach TM. Manual for the child behavior checklist/4–18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont; 1991.

61.

* Asztalos M, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, De Cocker K. Cross-sectional associations between sitting time and several aspects of mental health in Belgian adults. J Phys Act Health. 2015;12(8):1112–8. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2013-0513.CrossRefPubMed

62.

Hagströmer M, Oja P, Sjöström M. The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ): a study of concurrent and construct validity. Public Health Nutr. 2006;9(6):755–62.

63.

Arrindell WA, Ettema JHM. Symptom Checklist-90, SCL-90, Handleinding bij een multidimensionele psychopathologie-indicator. Swets Test Services: Lisse; 1986.

64.

* Bampton EA, Johnson ST, Vallance JK. Profiles of resistance training behavior and sedentary time among older adults: associations with health-related quality of life and psychosocial health. Prev Med Rep. 2015;2:773–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2015.08.017.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

65.

Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Monahan PO, Löwe B. Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(5):317–25. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004.CrossRefPubMed

66.

Cao H, Qian Q, Weng T, Yuan C, Sun Y, Wang H, Tao F. Screen time, physical activity and mental health among urban adolescents in China. Prev Med. 2011;53(4–5):316–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.09.002.CrossRefPubMed

67.

Birmaher B, Brent DA, Chiappetta L, Bridge J, Monga S, Baugher M. Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): a replication study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(10):1230–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199910000-00011.CrossRefPubMed

68.

de Wit L, van Straten A, Lamers F, Cuijpers P, Penninx B. Are sedentary television watching and computer use behaviors associated with anxiety and depressive disorders? Psychiatry Res. 2011;186(2–3):239–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.003.CrossRefPubMed

69.

Wittchen HU. Reliability and validity studies of the WHO—composite international diagnostic interview (CIDI): a critical review. J Psychiatr Res. 1994;28(1):57–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3956(94)90036-1.CrossRefPubMed

70.

de Wit L, Jelsma JG, van Poppel MN, Bogaerts A, Simmons D, Desoye G, Corcoy R, Kautzky-Willer A, Harreiter J, van Assche A, et al. Physical activity, depressed mood and pregnancy worries in European obese pregnant women: results from the DALI study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015;15:158. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0595-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

71.

Green JM, Kafetsios K, Statham HE, Snowdon CM. Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Cambridge worry scale in a pregnant population. J Health Psychol. 2003;8(6):753–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053030086008.CrossRefPubMed

72.

Dillon CB, McMahon E, O'Regan G, Perry IJ. Associations between physical behaviour patterns and levels of depressive symptoms, anxiety and well-being in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study using isotemporal substitution models. BMJ Open. 2018;8(1):e018978. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018978.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

73.

Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x.CrossRefPubMed

74.

Schneider PL, Crouter SE, Lukajic O, Bassett DR Jr. Accuracy and reliability of 10 pedometers for measuring steps over a 400-m walk. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(10):1779–84. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000089342.96098.c4.CrossRefPubMed

75.

Norman SB, Cissell SH, Means-Christensen AJ, Stein MB. Development and validation of an overall anxiety severity and impairment scale (OASIS). Depress Anxiety. 2006;23(4):245–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20182.CrossRefPubMed

76.

* Feng Q, Zhang QL, Du Y, Ye YL, He QQ. Associations of physical activity, screen time with depression, anxiety and sleep quality among Chinese college freshmen. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e100914. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100914.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

77.

Zung WW. A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics. 1971;12(6):371–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(71)71479-0.CrossRefPubMed

78.

Gaskin CJ, Craike M, Mohebbi M, Salmon J, Courneya KS, Broadbent S, Livingston PM. Associations of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior with quality of life and psychological well-being in prostate cancer survivors. Cancer Causes Control. 2016;27(9):1093–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-016-0787-5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

79.

Roth AJ, Rosenfeld B, Kornblith AB, Gibson C, Scher HI, Curley-Smart T, Holland JC, Breitbart W. The memorial anxiety scale for prostate cancer: validation of a new scale to measure anxiety in men with with prostate cancer. Cancer. 2003;97(11):2910–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11386.CrossRefPubMed

80.

* Gibson AM, Muggeridge DJ, Hughes AR, Kelly L, Kirk A. An examination of objectively-measured sedentary behavior and mental well-being in adults across week days and weekends. PLoS One. 2017;12(9):e0185143. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185143.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

81.

* Gunnell KE, Flament MF, Buchholz A, Henderson KA, Obeid N, Schubert N, Goldfield GS. Examining the bidirectional relationship between physical activity, screen time, and symptoms of anxiety and depression over time during adolescence. Prev Med. 2016;88:147–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.04.002.CrossRefPubMed

82.

March JS, Parker JD, Sullivan K, Stallings P, Conners CK. The multidimensional anxiety scale for children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(4):554–65. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199704000-00019.CrossRefPubMed

83.

Hiles SA, Lamers F, Milaneschi Y, Penninx BWJH. Sit, step, sweat: longitudinal associations between physical activity patterns, anxiety and depression. Psychol Med. 2017;47(8):1466–77. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716003548.CrossRefPubMed

84.

Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56(6):893–7. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893.CrossRefPubMed

85.

* Janney CA, Ganguli R, Richardson CR, Holleman RG, Tang G, Cauley JA, Kriska AM. Sedentary behavior and psychiatric symptoms in overweight and obese adults with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (WAIST study). Schizophr Res. 2013;145(1–3):63–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.01.010.CrossRefPubMed

86.

Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261–76. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/13.2.261.CrossRefPubMed

87.

Kovess-Masfety V, Keyes K, Hamilton A, Hanson G, Bitfoi A, Golitz D, Koç C, Kuijpers R, Lesinskiene S, Mihova Z, et al. Is time spent playing video games associated with mental health, cognitive and social skills in young children? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2016;51(3):349–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-016-1179-6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

88.

Kuijpers RC, Otten R, Vermulst AA, Pez O, Bitfoi A, Carta M, Goelitz D, Keyes K, Koç C, Lesinskiene S, et al. Reliability, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the Dominic interactive across European countries: cross-country utility of a child mental health self-report. Psychol Assess. 2016;28(5):539–48. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000139.CrossRefPubMed

89.

* Kroeders R, Bernhardt J, Cumming T. Physical inactivity, depression and anxiety in acute stroke. Int J Therap Rehabil. 2013;20(6):289–93. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2013.20.6.289.CrossRef

90.

Snaith RP, Constantopoulos AA, Jardine MY, McGuffin P. A clinical scale for the self-assessment of irritability. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;132:164–71. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.132.2.164.CrossRefPubMed

91.

* Liu M, Ming Q, Yi J, Wang X, Yao S. Screen time on school days and risks for psychiatric symptoms and self-harm in mainland Chinese adolescents. Front Psychol. 2016;7:574. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00574.

92.

Brener ND, Kann L, McManus T, Kinchen SA, Sundberg EC, Ross JG. Reliability of the 1999 youth risk behavior survey questionnaire. J Adolesc Health. 2002;31(4):336–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00339-7.CrossRefPubMed

93.

Yao S, Zou T, Zhu X, Abela JR, Auerbach RP, Tong X. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the multidimensional anxiety scale for children among Chinese secondary school students. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2007;38(1):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-006-0039-0.CrossRefPubMed

94.

* Maras D, Flament MF, Murray M, Buchholz A, Henderson KA, Obeid N, Goldfield GS. Screen time is associated with depression and anxiety in Canadian youth. Prev Med. 2015;73:133–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.01.029.CrossRefPubMed

95.

Mesquita R, Meijer K, Pitta F, Azcuna H, Goërtz YMJ, Essers JMN, Wouters EFM, Spruit MA. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviour following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD. Respir Med. 2017;126:122–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2017.03.029.CrossRefPubMed

96.

* Opdenacker J, Boen F. Effectiveness of face-to-face versus telephone support in increasing physical activity and mental health among university employees. J Phys Act Health. 2008;5(6):830–43. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.5.6.830.CrossRefPubMed

97.

* Padmapriya N, Bernard JY, Liang S, Loy SL, Shen Z, Kwek K, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Saw SM, et al. Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with depression and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy in a multiethnic cohort of Asian women. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016;19(6):1119–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-016-0664-y.CrossRefPubMed

98.

* Park S, Thøgersen-Ntoumani C, Ntoumanis N, Stenling A, Fenton SA, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJ. Profiles of physical function, physical activity, and sedentary behavior and their associations with mental health in residents of assisted living facilities. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2017;9(1):60–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12085.

99.

* Rebar AL, Vandelanotte C, Van Uffelen J, Short C, Duncan MJ. Associations of overall sitting time and sitting time in different contexts with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Ment Health and Phys Act. 2014;7(2):105–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2014.02.004.CrossRef

100.

Chau JY, van der Ploeg HP, Dunn S, Kurko J, Bauman AE. A tool for measuring workers’ sitting time by domain: the workforce sitting questionnaire. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(15):1216–22. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2011-090214.CrossRefPubMed

101.

Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short-form version of the depression anxiety stress scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 2005;44(2):227–39. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505x29657.CrossRefPubMed

102.

Sanchez-Villegas A, Ara I, Guillén-Grima F, Bes-Rastrollo M, Varo-Cenarruzabeitia JJ, Martínez-González MA. Physical activity, sedentary index, and mental disorders in the SUN cohort study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(5):827–34. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816348b9.CrossRef

103.

* Straker L, Smith A, Hands B, Olds T, Abbott R. Screen-based media use clusters are related to other activity behaviours and health indicators in adolescents. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:1174. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-13-1174.

104.

Ridley K, Olds TS, Hill A. The multimedia activity recall for children and adolescents (MARCA): development and evaluation. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006;3:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-3-10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

105.

* Teychenne M, Hinkley T. Associations between screen-based sedentary behaviour and anxiety symptoms in mothers with young children. PLoS One. 2016;11(5):e0155696. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155696.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

106.

Bjelland I, Dahl AA, Haug TT, Neckelmann D. The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. An updated literature review. J Psychosom Res. 2002;52(2):69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3999(01)00296-3.CrossRefPubMed

107.

Uijtdewilligen L, Singh AS, Twisk JW, Koppes LL, van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJ. Adolescent predictors of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour at age 42: the Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study (AGAHLS). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:107. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-107.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

108.

Hermans HJM. Handleiding Prestatie Motivatie Test voor kinderen 1983 [manual achievement motivation test for children, version 1983]. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger; 1983.

109.

* Vallance JK, Boyle T, Courneya KS, Lynch BM. Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time among colon cancer survivors: associations with psychological health outcomes. J Cancer Surviv. 2015;9(3):404–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-014-0409-8.CrossRefPubMed

110.

* van Roekel EH, Bours MJ, Breedveld-Peters JJ, Willems PJ, Meijer K, Kant I, van den Brandt PA, Beets GL, Sanduleanu S, Weijenberg MP. Modeling how substitution of sedentary behavior with standing or physical activity is associated with health-related quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors. Cancer Causes Control. 2016;27(4):513–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-016-0725-6.CrossRef

111.

Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Herring MP, Hallgren M, Koyanagi A. Sedentary behavior and anxiety: association and influential factors among 42,469 community-dwelling adults in six low- and middle-income countries. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2018;50:26–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2017.09.006.CrossRefPubMed

112.

Wu X, Tao S, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Tao F. Low physical activity and high screen time can increase the risks of mental health problems and poor sleep quality among Chinese college students. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0119607. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119607.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

113.

Deeks JJ, Higgins JPT, Altman DG. Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins JPT, Green S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. Chichester: Wiley; 2008. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470712184.ch9.CrossRef

114.

Borenstein M, Higgins JP, Hedges LV, Rothstein HR. Basics of meta-analysis: I² is not an absolute measure of heterogeneity. Res Synth Methods. 2017;8(1):5–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1230.CrossRefPubMed

115.

Horodyska K, Luszczynska A, van den Berg M, Hendriksen M, Roos G, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Brug J. Good practice characteristics of diet and physical activity interventions and policies: an umbrella review. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1354-9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

116.

Banik A, Schwarzer R, Knoll N, Czekierda K, Luszczynska A. Self-efficacy and quality of life among people with cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis. Rehabil Psychol. 2018;63(2):295–312. https://doi.org/10.1037/rep0000199.CrossRefPubMed

Title: Sedentary behaviors and anxiety among children, adolescents and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bartlomiej Stanczykiewicz
Anna Banik
Nina Knoll
Jan Keller
Diana Hilda Hohl
Joanna Rosińczuk
Aleksandra Luszczynska
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Anxiety
Published in: BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6715-3

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Sedentary behaviors and anxiety among children, adolescents and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2019

Exploring HIV concern in a population of Dominican American women midlife and older

Heterogeneities in dengue spatial-temporal transmission in Brazilian cities and its influence on the optimal age of vaccination

Gender differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior of Japanese primary school children during school cleaning time, morning recess and lunch recess

People with activity limitations’ perceptions of their health condition and their relationships with social participation and experienced autonomy

The use of folic acid, iron salts and other vitamins by pregnant women in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort: is there socioeconomic inequality?

Context of water transport related drownings in Bangladesh: a qualitative study