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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2019

Open Access 01-12-2019 | Obesity | Research article

Incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in Kerala, India: results from a 10-year prospective cohort

Authors: Gadadharan Vijayakumar, Sreeja Manghat, Revathi Vijayakumar, Leena Simon, Liss Maria Scaria, Aswathi Vijayakumar, Ganapathy K. Sreehari, V. Raman Kutty, Arun Rachana, Abdul Jaleel

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Background

Kerala, the southern state of India, has experienced sudden rise in the prevalence estimates of diabetes. A cohort study on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Kerala state thus aptly bridges the lacuna of incidence estimate of T2DM from a population at risk.

Methods

A 10-year prospective cohort study was carried out in two urban wards of central Kerala. The individuals who participated in the baseline survey in 2007 were again invited for a follow-up study in 2017. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for windows (version 21.0). Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Findings are based on the 10-year follow-up data from 869 participants from the cohort.

Results

The overall follow-up and response rate of the study was 68.9 and 86.9% respectively. During the follow-up period, 190 people (21.9%) developed T2DM. The incidence rate of T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were 24.5 per 1000 person years and 45.01 per 1000 person years respectively. Nearly 60% of participants with baseline IFG were converted to T2DM group in the follow-up period. Age > 45 years, family history of T2DM, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and presence of central obesity emerged as important risk factors for incident T2DM.

Conclusion

High incidence of prediabetes over diabetes observed in this study shows an epidemic trend of T2DM in Kerala, India. It requires an immediate public health action.
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Metadata
Title
Incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in Kerala, India: results from a 10-year prospective cohort
Authors
Gadadharan Vijayakumar
Sreeja Manghat
Revathi Vijayakumar
Leena Simon
Liss Maria Scaria
Aswathi Vijayakumar
Ganapathy K. Sreehari
V. Raman Kutty
Arun Rachana
Abdul Jaleel
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2019
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6445-6

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