Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Situation and determinants of the infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators in Madagascar: analysis of the 2009 Demographic and Health Survey

Authors: Hasina Rakotomanana, Gail E. Gates, Deana Hildebrand, Barbara J. Stoecker

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Studies evaluating child feeding in Madagascar are scarce despite its importance in child growth during the first two years of life. This study assessed the associations between the WHO infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators and stunting and identified determinants of inappropriate child feeding practices.

Methods

The most recent Demographic and Health Survey was used including a total of 1956 infants aged 0–23 months. Logistic regressions were performed for the association between IYCF indicators and stunting and for the determination of risk factors for inappropriate feeding practices.

Results

The rates of initiation of breastfeeding within one hour after birth (77.2%), continued breastfeeding at one year (99.6%) and timely introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods at 6–8 months (88.3%) were high. Exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months (48.8%), attaining minimum dietary diversity (22.2%) and consumption of iron-rich foods (19.6%) were relatively low. Higher length-for-age was associated with achieving minimum dietary diversity (p<0.01). The other indicators assessed (early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months, timely introduction of complementary foods and consumption of iron-rich foods) were not associated with stunting. Infants born to mothers who had first given birth at an age younger than 19 were more likely not to be breastfed within one hour after birth, not to be exclusively breastfed and not to have the recommended dietary diversity. Infants whose mothers had low media exposure were at increased risk of being inappropriately fed. Low household wealth also was associated with higher odds of not meeting the minimum dietary diversity.

Conclusions

Despite almost total continued breastfeeding at one year and early initiation of breastfeeding by more than three-quarter of mothers, minimum dietary diversity scores were still low, confirming the need for more effective programs for improving child feeding practices in Madagascar. Improving dietary diversity in children aged 6–23 months may help reduce stunting. The identified risk factors for inappropriate feeding practices could be used in directing future nutrition sensitive interventions.
Literature
1.
Bhutta ZA, Ahmed T, Black RE, Cousens S, Dewey K, Giugliani E, Haider BA, Kirkwood B, Morris SS, Sachdev HP, et al. What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival. Lancet. 2008;371(9610):417–40.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Victora CG, de Onis M, Hallal PC, Blossner M, Shrimpton R. Worldwide timing of growth faltering: revisiting implications for interventions. Pediatrics. 2010;125(3):e473–80.CrossRefPubMed
3.
WHO. Indicators for assessing infants and young children feeding practices. In: Part, vol. 1. Definitions. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
4.
Jones AD, Ickes SB, Smith LE, Mbuya MN, Chasekwa B, Heidkamp RA, Menon P, Zongrone AA, Stoltzfus RJ. World Health Organization infant and young child feeding indicators and their associations with child anthropometry: a synthesis of recent findings. Matern Child Nutr. 2014;10(1):1–17.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Disha AD, Rawat R, Subandoro A, Menon P. Infant and young child feeding practices in Ethiopia and Zambia and their association with child nutrition: analysis of demographic and health survey data. Afr J Food Agric Nutr Dev. 2012;12(2):5895–914.
6.
Menon P, Bamezai A, Subandoro A, Ayoya MA, Aguayo V. Age-appropriate infant and young child feeding practices are associated with child nutrition in India: insights from nationally representative data. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(1):73–87.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, Caulfield LE, de Onis M, Ezzati M, Mathers C, Rivera J. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet. 2008;371(9608):243–60.CrossRefPubMed
8.
WHO. Indicators of assessing infants and young child feeding practices. In: Part, vol. 3. Country profiles. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
9.
Ickes SB, Hurst TE, Flax VL. Maternal literacy, facility birth, and education are positively associated with better infant and young child feeding practices and nutritional status among Ugandan children. J Nutr. 2015;145(11):2578–86.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
Kabir I, Khanam M, Agho KE, Mihrshahi S, Dibley MJ, Roy SK. Determinants of inappropriate complementary feeding practices in infant and young children in Bangladesh: secondary data analysis of demographic health survey 2007. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8(Suppl 1):11–27.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Gautam KP, Adhikari M, Khatri RB, Devkota MD. Determinants of infant and young child feeding practices in Rupandehi, Nepal. BMC Research Notes. 2016;9:135.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Gewa CA, Leslie TF. Distribution and determinants of young child feeding practices in the east African region: demographic health survey data analysis from 2008-2011. J Health Popul Nutr. 2015;34:6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Dangura D, Gebremedhin S. Dietary diversity and associated factors among children 6-23 months of age in Gorche district, southern Ethiopia: cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr. 2017;17(6)
14.
M'kaibi FM, Steyn NP, Ochola SA, Du Plessis L. The relationship between agricultural biodiversity, dietary diversity, household food security, and stunting of children in rural Kenya. Food Sci Nutr. 2016;5(2):243–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Senarath U, Dibley MJ, Godakandage SS, Jayawickrama H, Wickramasinghe A, Agho KE. Determinants of infant and young child feeding practices in Sri Lanka: secondary data analysis of demographic and health survey 2000. Food Nutr Bull. 2010;31(2):352–65.CrossRefPubMed
16.
17.
Marriott BP, White A, Hadden L, Davies JC, Wallingford JC. World Health Organization (WHO) infant and young child feeding indicators: associations with growth measures in 14 low-income countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2012;8(3):354–70.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Marriott BP, White AJ, Hadden L, Davies JC, Wallingford JC. How well are infant and young child World Health Organization (WHO) feeding indicators associated with growth outcomes? An example from Cambodia. Matern Child Nutr. 2010;6(4):358–73.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Moursi MM, Treche S, Martin-Prevel Y, Maire B, Delpeuch F. Association of a summary index of child feeding with diet quality and growth of 6-23 months children in urban Madagascar. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63(6):718–24.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Moursi MM, Martin-Prevel Y, Eymard-Duvernay S, Capon G, Treche S, Maire B, Delpeuch F. Assessment of child feeding practices using a summary index: stability over time and association with child growth in urban Madagascar. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(5):1472–9.PubMed
21.
22.
23.
Ploch L, Cook N. Madagascar's political crisis. In: CRS Report for Congress. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service; 2012.
24.
UNICEF: The state of the world's children 1998. New York City: UNICEF; 1998.
25.
26.
Agbadi P, Bjørnøy U, Mittlemark MB. Household food security and adequacy of child diet in the food insecure region north in Ghana. PLoS One. 2017;12(5)
27.
Rah JH, Akhter N, Semba RD, de Pee S, Bloem MW, Campbell AA, Moench-Pfanner R, Sun K, Badham J, Kraemer K. Low dietary diversity is a predictor of child stunting in rural Bangladesh. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2010;64(12):1393–8.CrossRefPubMed
28.
29.
Ogbo FA, Agho KE, Page A. Determinants of suboptimal breastfeeding practices in Nigeria: evidence from the 2008 demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:259.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
Ramaroson Rakotosamimanana V, Arvisenet G, Valentin D. Studying the nutritional beliefs and food practices of Malagasy school children parents. A contribution to the understanding of malnutrition in Madagascar. Appetite. 2014;81:67–75.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Thurnham DI. Nutrition of adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries. Sight Life Mag. 2013;27(3):26–37.
32.
Issaka AI, Agho KE, Page AN, Burns PL, Stevens GJ, Dibley MJ. Determinants of suboptimal complementary feeding practices among children aged 6-23 months in seven francophone west African countries. Matern Child Nutr. 2015;11(Suppl 1):31–52.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Na M, Jennings L, Talegawkar SA, Ahmed S. Association between women's empowerment and infant and child feeding practices in sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of demographic and health surveys. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(17):3155–65.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Karmacharya C, Cunningham K, Choufani J, Kadiyala S. Grandmothers' knowledge positively influences maternal knowledge and infant and young child feeding practices. Public Health Nutr. 2017;20(12):1–10.
35.
Guyon AB, Quinn VJ, Hainsworth M, Ravonimanantsoa P, Ravelojoana V, Rambeloson Z, Martin L. Implementing an integrated nutrition package at large scale in Madagascar: the essential nutrition actions framework. Food Nutr Bull. 2009;30(3):233–44.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Situation and determinants of the infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators in Madagascar: analysis of the 2009 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors
Hasina Rakotomanana
Gail E. Gates
Deana Hildebrand
Barbara J. Stoecker
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4835-1

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

BMC Public Health 1/2017 Go to the issue

Research article

Adolescent reserve capacity, socioeconomic status and school achievement as predictors of mortality in Finland - a longitudinal study

Correction

Correction to: Risk management of emergency service vehicle crashes in the United States fire service: process, outputs, and recommendations

Research article

Increasing educational attainment and mortality reduction: a systematic review and taxonomy

Research article

The joint associations of smoking and obesity with subsequent short and long sickness absence: a five year follow-up study with register-linkage

Research article

The relationship between socio-demographic factors, health status, treatment type, and employment outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in Japan

Research article

The Start2Bike program is effective in increasing health-enhancing physical activity: a controlled study