Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Study protocol

A multi-level intervention in subsidized housing sites to increase fruit and vegetable access and intake: Rationale, design and methods of the ‘Live Well, Viva Bien’ cluster randomized trial

Authors: Kim M. Gans, Gemma Gorham, Patricia M. Risica, Akilah Dulin-Keita, Laura Dionne, Tina Gao, Sarah Peters, Ludovica Principato

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Adequate fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake is important for disease prevention. Yet, most Americans, especially low-income and racial/ethnic minorities, do not eat adequate amounts. These disparities are partly attributable to food environments in low-income neighborhoods where residents often have limited access to affordable, healthful food and easy access to inexpensive, unhealthful foods. Increasing access to affordable healthful food in underserved neighborhoods through mobile markets is a promising, year-round strategy for improving dietary behaviors and reducing F&V intake disparities. However, to date, there have been no randomized controlled trials studying their effectiveness. The objective of the ‘Live Well, Viva Bien’ (LWVB) cluster randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the efficacy of a multicomponent mobile market intervention at increasing F&V intake among residents of subsidized housing complexes.

Methods/Design

One housing complex served as a pilot site for the intervention group and the remaining 14 demographically-matched sites were randomized into either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received bimonthly, discount, mobile, fresh F&V markets in conjunction with a nutrition education intervention (two F&V campaigns, newsletters, DVDs and cooking demonstrations) for 12 months. The control group received physical activity and stress reduction interventions. Outcome measures include F&V intake (measured by two validated F&V screeners at baseline, six-month and twelve-months) along with potential psychosocial mediating variables. Extensive quantitative and qualitative process evaluation was also conducted throughout the study.

Discussion

Modifying neighborhood food environments in ways that increase access to affordable, healthful food is a promising strategy for improving dietary behaviors among low-income, racial and ethnic minority groups at increased risk for obesity and other food-related chronic diseases. Discount, mobile F&V markets address all the major barriers to eating more F&V (high cost, poor quality, limited access and limited time to shop and cook) and provide a year-round solution to limited access to healthful food in low-income neighborhoods. LWVB is the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of mobile markets at increasing F&V intake. If proven efficacious at increasing F&V consumption, LWVB could be disseminated widely to neighborhoods that have low access to fresh F&V.

Trials registration

Clinicatrials.gov registration number: NCT02669472 First Received: January 19, 2016.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Hung H-C, Joshipura KJ, Jiang R, Hu FB, Hunter D, Smith-Warner SA, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of major chronic disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:1577–84.
2.
Boeing H, Bechthold A, Bub A, Ellinger S, Haller D, Kroke A, et al. Critical review: vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. Eur J Nutr. 2012;51:637–63.
3.
Dauchet L, Amouyel P, Hercberg S, Dallongeville J. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Nutr. 2006;136:2588–93.PubMed
4.
Hartley L, Igbinedion E, Holmes J, Flowers N, Thorogood M, Clarke A, et al. Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;6:CD009874.
5.
Wiseman M. The second World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research expert report. Food, nutrition, physical activity, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67:253–6.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Fung TT, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rexrode KM, Willett WC, Hu FB. Prospective study of major dietary patterns and stroke risk in women. Stroke. 2004;35:2014–9.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Sorensen G, Linnan L, Hunt MK. Worksite-based research and initiatives to increase fruit and vegetable consumption. Prev Med (Baltim). 2004;39 Suppl 2:S94–100.CrossRef
8.
Hu FB, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Colditz G, Liu S, Solomon CG, et al. Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:790–7.
9.
Alinia S, Hels O, Tetens I. The potential association between fruit intake and body weight--a review. Obes Rev. 2009;10:639–47.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Ledoux TA, Hingle MD, Baranowski T. Relationship of fruit and vegetable intake with adiposity: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2011;12:e143–50.CrossRefPubMed
11.
12.
U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. 7th Edition, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010.
13.
14.
15.
16.
McCormack LA, Laska MN, Larson NI, Story M. Review of the nutritional implications of farmers’ markets and community gardens: a call for evaluation and research efforts. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010;110:399–408.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Guthrie J, Andrews M, Frazao E, Leibtag E, Lin B-H, Mancino L, Nord M, Prell M, Smallwood D, Variyam J, Ploeg M Ver: Can Food Stamps Do More To Improve Food Choices? An Economic Perspective. Economic Information Bulletin No. (EIB-29). 2007;2.
18.
Guenther PM, Juan W, Lino M, Hiza HA, Fungwe TV, Lucas R. Diet Quality of Low-income and Higher-income Americans in 2003–2004 as Measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2005. FASEB J. 2009;23:540. 5.
19.
Zenk SN, Schulz AJ, Hollis-Neely T, Campbell RT, Holmes N, Watkins G, et al. Fruit and vegetable intake in African Americans income and store characteristics. Am J Prev Med. 2005;29:1–9.
20.
Kamphuis CBM, Giskes K, de Bruijn G-J, Wendel-Vos W, Brug J, van Lenthe FJ. Environmental determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among adults: a systematic review. Br J Nutr. 2006;96:620–35.PubMed
21.
Bowman SA. A comparison of the socioeconomic characteristics, dietary practices, and health status of women food shoppers with different food price attitudes. Nutr Res. 2006;26:318–24.CrossRef
22.
Crump SR, Taylor BD, Sung JFC, Burley L, Sheats J, Murphy FG, et al. Dietary intake to reduce cancer risk among African American women in public housing: do sociodemographic factors make a difference? Ethn Dis. 2006;16:963–70.
23.
Beydoun MA, Wang Y. Do nutrition knowledge and beliefs modify the association of socio-economic factors and diet quality among US adults? Prev Med (Baltim). 2008;46:145–53.CrossRef
24.
25.
Drewnowski A, Darmon N. Food choices and diet costs: an economic analysis. J Nutr. 2005;135:900–4.PubMed
26.
Edmonds J, Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Cullen KW, Myres D. Ecological and socioeconomic correlates of fruit, juice, and vegetable consumption among African-American boys. Prev Med (Baltim). 2001;32:476–81.CrossRef
27.
28.
Treuhaft S, Karpyn A. The Grocery Gap: Who Has Access to Healthy Food and Why It Matters. Oakl CA PolicyLink Food Trust. 2010;29:473–80.
29.
Powell LM, Slater S, Mirtcheva D, Bao Y, Chaloupka FJ. Food store availability and neighborhood characteristics in the United States. Prev Med (Baltim). 2007;44:189–95.CrossRef
30.
31.
Bodor JN, Rose D, Farley TA, Swalm C, Scott SK. Neighbourhood fruit and vegetable availability and consumption: the role of small food stores in an urban environment. Public Health Nutr. 2008;11:413–20.CrossRefPubMed
32.
33.
Franco M, Diez Roux AV, Glass TA, Caballero B, Brancati FL. Neighborhood characteristics and availability of healthy foods in Baltimore. Am J Prev Med. 2008;35:561–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
34.
Glanz K, Sallis JF, Saelens BE, Frank LD. Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in stores (NEMS-S): development and evaluation. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32:282–9.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Horowitz CR, Colson KA, Hebert PL, Lancaster K. Barriers to buying healthy foods for people with diabetes: evidence of environmental disparities. Am J Public Health. 2004;94:1549–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Hosler AS, Varadarajulu D, Ronsani AE, Fredrick BL, Fisher BD. Low-fat milk and high-fiber bread availability in food stores in urban and rural communities. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2006;12:556–62.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Jetter KM, Cassady DL. The availability and cost of healthier food alternatives. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30:38–44.CrossRefPubMed
38.
39.
Gordon C, Ghai N, Purciel M, Talwalker A, Goodman A. Eating Well in Harlem: How Available Is Healthy Food? New York, NY: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; 2007.
40.
Alliance CF. Bridging the divide: Growing self-sufficiency in our food supply. Community Food Assessment: A Regional Approach for Food Systems in Louisville, Kentucky, Community Farm Alliance, Louisville, KY. 2007;52.
41.
Conroy D, McDavis-Conway S. Healthy Food, Healthy Communities: An Assessment and Scorecard of Community Food Security In the District of Columbia. D.C. Hunger Solutions, Washington, D.C. 2006;1–47.
42.
Cassady D, Jetter KM, Culp J. Is price a barrier to eating more fruits and vegetables for low-income families? J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:1909–15.CrossRefPubMed
43.
44.
Glanz K, Hoelscher D. Increasing fruit and vegetable intake by changing environments, policy and pricing: restaurant-based research, strategies, and recommendations. Prev Med (Baltim). 2004;39 Suppl 2:S88–93.CrossRef
45.
Caldwell EM, Miller Kobayashi M, DuBow WM, Wytinck SM. Perceived access to fruits and vegetables associated with increased consumption. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12:1743–50.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Haynes-Maslow L, Parsons SE, Wheeler SB, Leone LA. A qualitative study of perceived barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income populations, North Carolina, 2011. Prev Chronic Dis. 2013;10:E34.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
47.
Lucan SC, Barg FK, Long JA. Promoters and barriers to fruit, vegetable, and fast-food consumption among Urban, lowincome African Americans-a qualitative approach. Am J Public Health. 2010;100:631–5.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
48.
Appleton KM, McGill R, Neville C, Woodside JV. Barriers to increasing fruit and vegetable intakes in the older population of Northern Ireland: low levels of liking and low awareness of current recommendations. Public Health Nutr. 2010;13:514–21.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Zepeda L, Reznickova A, Lohr L. Overcoming challenges to effectiveness of mobile markets in US food deserts. Appetite. 2014;79:58–67.CrossRefPubMed
50.
Dye CJ, Cason KL. Perceptions of older, low-income women about increasing intake of fruits and vegetables. J Nutr Elder. 2005;25:21–41.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Treiman K, Freimuth V, Damron D, Lasswell A, Anliker J, Havas S, et al. Attitudes and Behaviors Related to Fruits and Vegetables among Low-income Women in the WIC Program. J Nutr Educ. 1996;28:149–56.
52.
Anderson AS, Cox DN, McKellar S, Reynolds J, Lean ME, Mela DJ. Take Five, a nutrition education intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intakes: impact on attitudes towards dietary change. Br J Nutr. 1998;80:133–40.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Eikenberry N, Smith C. Healthful eating: perceptions, motivations, barriers, and promoters in low-income Minnesota communities. J Am Diet Assoc. 2004;104:1158–61.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Gibson EL, Wardle J, Watts CJ. Fruit and vegetable consumption, nutritional knowledge and beliefs in mothers and children. Appetite. 1998;31:205–28.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Steptoe A, Perkins-Porras L, Rink E, Hilton S, Cappuccio FP. Psychological and social predictors of changes in fruit and vegetable consumption over 12 months following behavioral and nutrition education counseling. Health Psychol. 2004;23:574–81.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Henry H, Reimer K, Smith C, Reicks M. Associations of decisional balance, processes of change, and self-efficacy with stages of change for increased fruit and vegetable intake among low-income, African-American mothers. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106:841–9.CrossRefPubMed
57.
58.
Booth SL, Sallis JF, Ritenbaugh C, Hill JO, Birch LL, Frank LD, et al. Environmental and societal factors affect food choice and physical activity: rationale, influences, and leverage points. Nutr Rev. 2001;59(3 Pt 2):S21–39. discussion S57–65.
59.
Seymour JD, Yaroch AL, Serdula M, Blanck HM, Khan LK. Impact of nutrition environmental interventions on point-of-purchase behavior in adults: a review. Prev Med (Baltim). 2004;39 Suppl 2:S108–36.CrossRef
60.
Calancie L, Leeman J, Jilcott Pitts SB, Khan LK, Fleischhacker S, Evenson KR, et al. Nutrition-related policy and environmental strategies to prevent obesity in rural communities: a systematic review of the literature, 2002–2013. Prev Chronic Dis. 2015;12:E57.
61.
Larsen K, Gilliland J. A farmers’ market in a food desert: Evaluating impacts on the price and availability of healthy food. Health Place. 2009;15:1158–62.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Payne GH, Wethington H, Olsho L, Jernigan J, Farris R, Walker DK. Implementing a farmers’ market incentive program: perspectives on the New York City Health Bucks Program. Prev Chronic Dis. 2013;10:E145.PubMedPubMedCentral
63.
64.
Huang TT, Drewnosksi A, Kumanyika S, Glass TA. A systems-oriented multilevel framework for addressing obesity in the 21st century. Prev Chronic Dis. 2009;6:A82.PubMedPubMedCentral
65.
Fitzgerald N, Spaccarotella K. Barriers to a Healthy Lifestyle : From Individuals to Public Policy — An Ecological Perspective. J Ext. 2009;47:1–8.
66.
Dibsdall LA, Lambert N, Bobbin RF, Frewer LJ. Low-income consumers’ attitudes and behaviour towards access, availability and motivation to eat fruit and vegetables. Public Health Nutr. 2003;6:159–68.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Krueger R. Focus Groups: A Practial Guide for Applied Research. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications; 1994.
68.
Sallis JF, Owen N. Ecological Models of Health behavior. In: Glanz K, Rimer B, Lewis F, editors. Health Behavior and Health Education: theory, research, and practice. 3rd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2002. p. 462–84.
69.
Stokols D. Translating social ecological theory into guidelines for community health promotion. Am J Health Promot. 1996;10:282–98.CrossRefPubMed
70.
McLeroy KR, Bibeau D, Steckler A, Glanz K. An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Health Educ Q. 1988;15(4):351–77.CrossRefPubMed
71.
Baranowski T, Perry CL PG. How Individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact: social cognitive theory. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM RB, editors. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass; 2002. p. 246–70.
72.
Bandura A. Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall; Englewood Cliffs; 1986.
73.
74.
Gorham G, Dulin-Keita A, Risica PM, Mello J, Papandonatos G, Nunn A, et al. Effectiveness of Fresh to You, a Discount Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Market in Low-Income Neighborhoods, on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, Rhode Island, 2010–2011. Prev Chronic Dis. 2015;12:E176.
75.
Yaroch AL, Tooze J, Thompson FE, Blanck HM, Thompson OM, Colón-Ramos U, et al. Evaluation of three short dietary instruments to assess fruit and vegetable intake: the National Cancer Institute’s food attitudes and behaviors survey. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2012;112:1570–7.
76.
Subar AF, Thompson FE, Kipnis V, Midthune D, Hurwitz P, McNutt S, et al. Comparative validation of the Block, Willett, and National Cancer Institute food frequency questionnaires : the Eating at America’s Table Study. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154:1089–99.
77.
Quan T, Salomon J, Nitzke S, Reicks M. Behaviors of low-income mothers related to fruit and vegetable consumption. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:567–70.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Satia JA, Kristal AR, Patterson RE, Neuhouser ML, Trudeau E. Psychosocial factors and dietary habits associated with vegetable consumption. Nutrition. 2002;18:247–54.CrossRefPubMed
79.
Stables GJ, Subar AF, Patterson BH, Dodd K, Heimendinger J, Van Duyn MAS, et al. Changes in vegetable and fruit consumption and awareness among US adults: results of the 1991 and 1997 5 A Day for Better Health Program surveys. J Am Diet Assoc. 2002;102:809–17.
80.
Thompson OM, Yaroch AL, Moser RP, Finney Rutten LJ, Petrelli JM, Smith-Warner SA, et al. Knowledge of and Adherence to Fruit and Vegetable Recommendations and Intakes: Results of the 2003 Health Information National Trends Survey. J Health Commun. 2011;16:328–40.
81.
Shaikh AR, Yaroch AL, Nebeling L, Yeh M-C, Resnicow K. Psychosocial predictors of fruit and vegetable consumption in adults a review of the literature. Am J Prev Med. 2008;34:535–43.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Gattshall ML, Shoup JA, Marshall JA, Crane LA, Estabrooks PA. Validation of a survey instrument to assess home environments for physical activity and healthy eating in overweight children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2008;5:3.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
83.
Steptoe A, Wijetunge S, Doherty S, Wardle J. Stages of change for dietary fat reduction: associations with food intake, decisional balance and motives for food choice. Health Educ J. 1996;55:108–22.CrossRef
84.
Wolf RL, Lepore SJ, Vandergrift JL, Wetmore-Arkader L, McGinty E, Pietrzak G, et al. Knowledge, barriers, and stage of change as correlates of fruit and vegetable consumption among urban and mostly immigrant black men. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108:1315–22.
85.
Harnack L, Block G, Subar A, Lane S, Brand R. Association of cancer prevention-related nutrition knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes to cancer prevention dietary behavior. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997;97:957–65.CrossRefPubMed
86.
Havas S, Treiman K, Langenberg P, Ballesteros M, Anliker J, Damron D, et al. Factors associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among women participating in WIC. J Am Diet Assoc. 1998;98:1141–8.
87.
Townsend MS, Kaiser LL. Development of a tool to assess psychosocial indicators of fruit and vegetable intake for 2 federal programs. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2005;37:170–84.CrossRefPubMed
88.
Townsend MS, Kaiser LL. Brief psychosocial fruit and vegetable tool is sensitive for the US Department of Agriculture’s Nutrition Education Programs. J Am Diet Assoc. 2007;107:2120–4.CrossRefPubMed
89.
Campbell MK, Reynolds KD, Havas S, Curry S, Bishop D, Nicklas T, et al. Stages of change for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among adults and young adults participating in the national 5-a-Day for Better Health community studies. Health Educ Behav. 1999;26:513–34.
90.
Block G, Wakimoto P, Metz D, Fujii ML, Feldman N, Mandel R, et al. A randomized trial of the Little by Little CD-ROM: demonstrated effectiveness in increasing fruit and vegetable intake in a low-income population. Prev Chronic Dis. 2004;1:A08.
91.
Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC. Self change processes, self efficacy and decisional balance across five stages of smoking cessation. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1984;156:131–40.PubMed
92.
Rhee KE, De Lago CW, Arscott-Mills T, Mehta SD, Davis RK. Factors associated with parental readiness to make changes for overweight children. Pediatrics. 2005;116:e94–101.CrossRefPubMed
93.
Langenberg P, Ballesteros M, Feldman R, Damron D, Anliker J, Havas S. Psychosocial factors and intervention-associated changes in those factors as correlates of change in fruit and vegetable consumption in the Maryland WIC 5 A Day Promotion Program. Ann Behav Med. 2000;22:307–15.CrossRefPubMed
94.
Freedman DA, Choi SK, Hurley T, Anadu E, Hébert JR. A farmers’ market at a federally qualified health center improves fruit and vegetable intake among low-income diabetics. Prev Med (Baltim). 2013;56:288–92.CrossRef
95.
Abusabha R, Namjoshi D, Klein A. Increasing access and affordability of produce improves perceived consumption of vegetables in low-income seniors. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:1549–55.CrossRefPubMed
96.
Evans AE, Jennings R, Smiley AW, Medina JL, Sharma SV, Rutledge R, et al. Introduction of farm stands in low-income communities increases fruit and vegetable among community residents. Health Place. 2012;18:1137–43.
97.
Jilcott Pitts SB, Wu Q, McGuirt JT, Crawford TW, Keyserling TC, Ammerman AS. Associations between access to farmers’ markets and supermarkets, shopping patterns, fruit and vegetable consumption and health indicators among women of reproductive age in eastern North Carolina, U.S.A. Public Health Nutr. 2013;16:1944–52.CrossRefPubMed
98.
Herman DR, Harrison GG, Afifi AA, Jenks E. Effect of a targeted subsidy on intake of fruits and vegetables among low-income women in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. Am J Public Health. 2008;98:98–105.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
99.
Anderson JV, Bybee DI, Brown RM, McLean DF, Garcia EM, Breer ML, et al. 5 a day fruit and vegetable intervention improves consumption in a low income population. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:195–202.
100.
101.
Widener MJ, Metcalf SS, Bar-Yam Y. Agent-based modeling of policies to improve urban food access for low-income populations. Appl Geogr. 2013;40:1–10.CrossRef
102.
Widener MJ, Metcalf SS, Bar-Yam Y. Developing a mobile produce distribution system for low-income urban residents in food deserts. J Urban Health. 2012;89:733–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
103.
Tester J, Yen I, Laraia B. Using Mobile Fruit Vendors to Increase Access to Fresh Fruit and Vegetables for Schoolchildren. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9(October 2008):1–5.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
Metadata
Title
A multi-level intervention in subsidized housing sites to increase fruit and vegetable access and intake: Rationale, design and methods of the ‘Live Well, Viva Bien’ cluster randomized trial
Authors
Kim M. Gans
Gemma Gorham
Patricia M. Risica
Akilah Dulin-Keita
Laura Dionne
Tina Gao
Sarah Peters
Ludovica Principato
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3141-7

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

BMC Public Health 1/2016 Go to the issue

Research article

Resilience of a FIT screening programme against screening fatigue: a modelling study

Research article

Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes

Research article

Awareness of energy drink intake guidelines and associated consumption practices: a cross-sectional study

Research article

Gender-specific linkages of parents’ childhood physical abuse and neglect with children’s problem behaviour: evidence from Japan

Research article

Initiation, influence, and impact: adolescents and parents discuss the marketing of gambling products during Australian sporting matches

Research article

Evaluating the effectiveness of the SMART contract-signing strategy in reducing the growth of Swedish Adolescents’ substance use and problem behaviors