Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Increased prevalence and incidence of anemia among adults in transforming rural China: two cross-sectional surveys

Authors: Xuecai Wang, Zhaofan Wu, Yue Chen, Jianfu Zhu, Xiaolian Dong, Chaowei Fu, Qingwu Jiang

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Anemia remains one of the serious nutrition-related diseases in China, but data on incidence of anemia were less available, especially in rural area which are experiencing rapid urbanization. Out study aimed to estimate both the prevalence and incidence of anemia in transforming rural China.

Methods

We conducted a combined study of rural adults 18–64 years of age with a repeated cross-sectional component (4456 in 2006 and 2184 in 2008) and a cohort component (1424) in rural Deqing, China. Anemia was diagnosed based on blood hemoglobin levels using the hemiglobincyanide (HiCN) method according to both the World Health Organization (WHO) and Chinese criteria. The prevalence and incidence of anemia and their 95 % confidential intervals (95 % CI) were calculated.

Results

The prevalence of anemia based on the WHO criteria was 51.5 % in 2006 and 53.7 % in 2008, and the 2-year cumulative incidence was 42.1 %. Of the cases, over 95 % had mild anemia. The prevalence was much lower when the Chinese criteria was used. Both the prevalence and incidence were higher in women than in men and significantly increased with age in men. In both sexes, the incidence sharply increased after 45 years of age.

Conclusion

Our study showed a high prevalence and incidence of anemia among adults in rural Deqing, China. Monitoring and intervention were needed urgently, especially among individuals over 45 years of age.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Penninx BW, Pahor M, Woodman RC, Guralnik JM. Anemia in old age is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization[J]. J Gerontol A-Biol. 2006;61(5):474–9.CrossRef
2.
Culleton B-F, Manns B-J, Zhang J, Klarenbach S, Hemmelgarn BR. Impact of anemia on hospitalization and mortality in older adults[J]. Blood. 2006;107(10):3841–6.CrossRefPubMed
3.
4.
Erin ML, Mary C, Ines E, Wojdyla D, de Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia, WHO Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System, 1993-2005[J]. Public Health Nutr. 2009;12(4):444–54.CrossRef
5.
Piao J-H, Lai JQ, Yin SA, Xu J, Xu Q-M, Yang X-G. Study on the anemia status of Chinese population[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica. 2005;04:268–75. In Chinese.
6.
Chang S-Y, Ge K-Y. Factor associated with nutrition in Chinese adult[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica. 1998;20(2):132–7 (In Chinese).CrossRef
7.
Eisele L, Durig J, Broecker-Preuss M, Dührsen U, Bokhof B, Erbel R, et al. Prevalence and incidence of anemia in the German Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study[J]. Ann Hematol. 2013;92(6):731–7.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Tettamanti M, Lucca U, Gandini F, Recchia A, Mosconi P, Apolone G, et al. Prevalence, incidence and types of mild anemia in the elderly: the “Health and Anemia” population-based study[J]. Haematologica. 2010;95(11):1849–56.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Choi C-W, Lee J, Park K-H, Choi IK, Kim SJ, Seo JH, et al. Incidence of anemia in older Koreans: community-based cohort study[J]. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2005;41(3):303–9.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Yang W, Li X, Li Y, Zhang S, Liu L, Wang X, et al. Anemia, malnutrition and their correlations with socio-demographic characteristics and feeding practices among infants aged 0–18 months in rural areas of Shaanxi province in northwestern China: a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):1127.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Mahoney Jr D-H. Anemia in at-risk populations--what should be our focus?[J]. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88(6):1457–8.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Shi Z, Zhen S, Wittert G-A, Yuan B, Zuo H, Taylor AW. Inadequate riboflavin intake and anemia risk in a Chinese population: five-year follow up of the Jiangsu Nutrition Study[J]. PLoS One. 2014;9(2):e88862.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Junsheng H. Exploration of anemia diagnostic criteria[J]. China Health Stand Manage. 2010;1:34–6.
14.
Zhejiang Statistical Yearbook 2014[R]. Beijing: Zhejiang Provincial Bureau of Statistics, 2014[2015-11-03 17:00:00] (In Chinese)
15.
Fu C, Chen Y, Wang F, Wang X, Song J, Jiang Q. High prevalence of hyperglycaemia and the impact of high household income in transforming rural China[J]. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:862.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Lu ZY, Zhong N-S. Anemia. Internal Medicine. 2nd ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House; 2008. In Chinese.
17.
Li L, Rao K, Kong L. A description on the Chinese national nutrition and health survey in 2002[J]. Chin J Epidemiol. 2005;26:478–84 (In Chinese).
18.
Liu L-q, Yu M, Zhong J-m. A survey on the nutrition and health status of residents in Zhejiang Province [J]. Zhejiang Prev Med. 2007;19:1–3 (In Chinese).
19.
Tsujioka T, Tohyama K. Prevalence of anemia in Japan][J. Nihon Rinsho. 2008;66(3):429–32.PubMed
20.
Du S, Mroz T-A, Zhai F, Popkin BM. Rapid income growth adversely affects diet quality in China--particularly for the poor![J]. Soc Sci Med. 2004;59(7):1505–15.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Coad J, Conlon C. Iron deficiency in women: assessment, causes and consequences[J]. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2011;14(6):625–34.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Hin H, Lehman R, Bird G. Iron-deficiency anaemia in premenopausal women[J]. Lancet. 1999;353(9157):1015–6.CrossRefPubMed
23.
24.
Martinsson A, Andersson C, Andell P, Koul S, Engström G, Smith JG. Anemia in the general population: prevalence, clinical correlates and prognostic impact[J]. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(7):489–98.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Lee J-O, Lee J-H, Soyeon A, Kim JW, Chang H, Kim YJ, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in the Korean population: results of the fifth Korea National Health and nutrition examination survey[J]. J Korean Med Sci. 2014;29(2):224.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Guralnik J-M, Eisenstaedt R-S, Ferrucci L, Klein HG, Woodman RC. Prevalence of anemia in persons 65 years and older in the United States: evidence for a high rate of unexplained anemia[J]. Blood. 2004;104(8):2263–8.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Bach V, Schruckmayer G, Sam I, Kemmler G, Stauder R. Prevalence and possible causes of anemia in the elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of a large European university hospital cohort[J]. Clin Interv Aging. 2014;9:1187–96.PubMedPubMedCentral
28.
Zhang C, Peng X-L. Explore of diagnostic criteria for anemia in elderly[J]. J Clin Hematol. 2000;05:217–8 (In Chinese).
Metadata
Title
Increased prevalence and incidence of anemia among adults in transforming rural China: two cross-sectional surveys
Authors
Xuecai Wang
Zhaofan Wu
Yue Chen
Jianfu Zhu
Xiaolian Dong
Chaowei Fu
Qingwu Jiang
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2671-8

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Public Health 1/2015 Go to the issue

Research article

Gender differences in the association between socioeconomic status and hypertension incidence: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)

Research article

Sexual behavior and vulnerability to HIV infection among seasonal migrant laborers in Metema district, northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Research article

Social representations of male circumcision as prophylaxis against HIV/AIDS in Zimbabwe

Research article

A cost-utility analysis of cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccination in the Philippines

Study protocol

Targeting multiple health risk behaviours among vocational education students using electronic feedback and online and telephone support: protocol for a cluster randomised trial

Study protocol

Establishing a birth cohort to investigate the course and aetiology of asthma and allergies across three generations – rationale, design, and methods of the ACROSSOLAR study