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BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Suicide | Research

Cognitive impairment and factors influencing depression in adolescents with suicidal and self-injury behaviors: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Hong Chen, Lan Hong, Siyu Tong, Mengjia Li, Shiyu Sun, Yao Xu, Jie Liu, Tianqi Feng, Yuting Li, Guangyao Lin, Fanfan Lu, Qiaole Cai, Dongwu Xu, Ke Zhao, Tiansheng Zheng

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SAs) by adolescent patients with depression have become serious public health problems. There is still insufficient research evidence on the effects of NSSI and SAs on neurocognitive functioning in adolescents. Cognitive function alterations may be associated with SAs and self-injury. NSSI and SAs have different influencing factors.

Methods

Participants were recruited from outpatient clinics and included 142 adolescent patients with depression (12–18 years old). This cohort included the SAs group (n = 52), NSSI group (n = 65), and depression without SAs/NSSI control group (n = 25). All participants underwent a clinical interview and neuropsychological assessment for group comparisons, and post-hoc tests were performed. Finally, partial correlation analysis was used to explore factors related to changes in cognitive function.

Results

The SAs group performed significantly worse than the control group in executive function and working memory. The depression score was directly proportional to the executive function of the SAs group, whereas cognitive functioning in the NSSI group was associated with borderline traits and rumination.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that impairment of executive function and working memory may be a common pattern in adolescent depressed patients with SAs. However, borderline traits and rumination may be indicative of NSSI but not SAs.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Cognitive impairment and factors influencing depression in adolescents with suicidal and self-injury behaviors: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Hong Chen
Lan Hong
Siyu Tong
Mengjia Li
Shiyu Sun
Yao Xu
Jie Liu
Tianqi Feng
Yuting Li
Guangyao Lin
Fanfan Lu
Qiaole Cai
Dongwu Xu
Ke Zhao
Tiansheng Zheng
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04726-8

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