Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress 2023 EHA Congress 2023 ASCO Annual Meeting
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Service user views of spiritual and pastoral care (chaplaincy) in NHS mental health services: a co-produced constructivist grounded theory investigation

Authors: Julian Raffay, Emily Wood, Andrew Todd

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Within the UK National Health Service (NHS), Spiritual and Pastoral Care (SPC) Services (chaplaincies) have not traditionally embraced research due to the intangible nature of their work. However, small teams like SPC can lead the way towards services across the NHS becoming patient- centred and patient-led. Using co-production principles within research can ensure it, and the resulting services, are truly patient-led.

Methods

A series of interviews were conducted with service users across directorates of a large NHS mental health Trust. Their views on the quality of SPC services and desired changes were elicited. Grounded theory was used with a constant comparative approach to the interviews and analysis.

Results

Initial analysis explored views on spirituality and religion in health. Participants’ concerns included what chaplains should do, who they should see, and how soon after admission. Theoretical analysis suggested incorporating an overarching spiritual element into the bio-psycho-social model of mental healthcare.

Conclusions

Service users’ spirituality should not be sidelined. To service users with strong spiritual beliefs, supporting their spiritual resilience is central to their care and well-being. Failure will lead to non-holistic care unlikely to engage or motivate.
Literature
1.
NSS. Hospital Chaplaincy. London: The National Secular Society; 2012.
2.
Handzo GF, Cobb M, Holmes C, Kelly E, Sinclair S. Outcomes for professional health care chaplaincy: An international call to action. J Health Care Chaplain. 2014;20(2):43–53.CrossRefPubMed
3.
UKBHC. Standards for Healthcare Chaplaincy Services. Cambridge: UK Board of Healthcare Chaplaincy; 2009.
4.
Swift C. NHS Chaplaincy Guidelines 2015: Promoting Excellence in Pastoral, Spiritual and Religious Care. London: NHS England; 2015.
5.
UKBHC. Spiritual and Religious Care Capabilities and Competences for Healthcare Chaplains. Cambridge: UK Board of Healthcare Chaplaincy; 2015.
6.
Morgan G. Independent Advocacy and the “Rise of Spirituality”: Views from Advocates, Service Users and Chaplains. Ment Health Relig Cult. 2010;13(6):625–36.CrossRef
7.
Cornah D. The impact of spirituality on mental health: A review of the literature: London: Mental Health Foundation; 2006.
8.
Koenig HG. Research on religion, spirituality, and mental health: A review. Can J Psychiatr. 2009;54(5):283.
9.
Vanistendael S. Resilience and spirituality. Resilience in Palliative Care: Achievement in Adversity 2007:115-135.
10.
Leamy M, Bird V, Le Boutillier C, Williams J, Slade M. Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis. Br J Psychiatry. 2011;199(6):445–52.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Slay J, Stephens L. Co-production in mental health: A literature review. London: New Economics Foundation; 2013.
12.
Slade M, Amering M, Farkas M, Hamilton B, O’Hagan M, Panther G, Perkins R, Shepherd G, Tse S, Whitley R. Uses and abuses of recovery: implementing recovery‐oriented practices in mental health systems. World Psychiatry. 2014;13(1):12–20.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
National Institute for Health Research. Patient and Public Involvement in Health and Social Care Research: A Handbook for Researchers. In. London: National Institute for Health Research; no date.
14.
Wood E, Raffay J, Todd A. How Could Co-production Principles Improve Mental Heath Spiritual and Pastoral Care (Chaplaincy) Services? Journal of Health and Social Care Chaplaincy. 2016;4(1).
15.
Mead GH, Morris CW. Mind, self and society from the standpoint of a social behaviorist. Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press; 1934.
16.
Charmaz K. Constructing Grounded Theory. 2nd ed. London: Sage; 2014.
17.
Kara H. Mental health service user involvement in research: where have we come from, where are we going? J Public Mental Health. 2013;12(3):122–35.CrossRef
18.
Charmaz K. Constructionism and the Grounded Theory Method. Handbook of Constructionist Research 2013:397.
19.
Charmaz K. Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide Through Qualitative Analysis. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2006.
20.
Glaser BG. Conceptualization: On Theory and Theorizing Using Grounded Theory. Int J Qualitative Methods. 2002;1:2.CrossRef
21.
ONS. 2011 Census: Quick statistics for England and Wales. London: Office of National Statistics; 2013.
22.
Attwood M. 2011 Census: Liverpool Summary. Liverpool: Liverpool City Council; 2013.
23.
Moreira-Almeida A, Lotufo Neto F, Koenig HG. Religiousness and mental health: a review. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2006;28(3):242–50.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Huguelet P, Mohr S, Borras L, Gillieron C, Brandt P-Y. Spirituality and religious practices among outpatients with schizophrenia and their clinicians. Psychiatric Services 2006.
25.
Vahey DC, Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Clarke SP, Vargas D. Nurse burnout and patient satisfaction. Medical care. 2004;42(2 Suppl):II57.PubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Forrest S, Risk I, Masters H, Brown N. Mental health service user involvement in nurse education: exploring the issues. JPMHN. 2000;7(1):51–7.
27.
Wood E, Watson R, Hayter M. To what extent are the Christian clergy acting as frontline mental health workers? A study from the North of England. Ment Health Relig Cult. 2011;14(8):769–83.CrossRef
28.
Wonders S. The experiences of those providing pastoral care in the Christian church community: Supporting people with their mental health and interacting with health professionals. unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Sheffield; 2011[Embargoed until October 2016].
29.
Engel GL. The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model. Am J Psychiatry. 1980;137(5):535–44.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Sulmasy DP. A biopsychosocial-spiritual model for the care of patients at the end of life. The Gerontologist. 2002;42 suppl 3:24–33.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Doyle C, Lennox L, Bell D. A systematic review of evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness. BMJ Open. 2013;3(1):1–18.CrossRef
32.
McDaid S. An equality of condition framework for user involvement in mental health policy and planning: Evidence from participatory action research. Disabil Soc. 2009;24(4):461–74.CrossRef
33.
Staniszewska S, Mockford C, Gibson A, Herron-Marx S, Putz R. Moving Forward: Understanding the Negative Experiences and Impacts of Patient and Public Involvement in Health Service Planning, Development, and Evaluation. In: Critical perspectives on user involvement. edn. Edited by Barnes M, Cotterell P. Bristol: Policy; 2012: 129-141.
34.
Hayward RD, Krause N, Ironson G, Hill PC, Emmons R. Health and Well-Being Among the Non-religious: Atheists, Agnostics, and No Preference Compared with Religious Group Members. J Relig Health. 2016:1-14.
35.
Burkhart L, Hogan N. An experiential theory of spiritual care in nursing practice. Qual Health Res. 2008;18(7):928–38.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Smith G, Cooperman A, Hamar-Martinez J, Podrebarac-Sciupac E, Hackett C, Mohamed B, Alper B, Gecewicz C, Esarza-Ochoa J. U.S. Public Becoming Less Religious. Washington DC: Pew Research Center; 2015.
37.
Tearfund. Churchgoing in the UK: A research report from the Tearfund on church attendance in the UK. Middlesex, UK: Tearfund; 2007.
38.
Koslander T, Arvidsson B. Patients’ conceptions of how the spiritual dimension is addressed in mental health care: a qualitative study. J Adv Nurs. 2007;57(6):597–604.CrossRefPubMed
39.
Walsh J, McSherry W, Kevern P. The representation of service users’ religious and spiritual concerns in care plans. J Public Mental Health. 2013;12(3):153–64.CrossRef
40.
Rosmarin DH, Forester BP, Shassian DM, Webb CA, Björgvinsson T. Interest in Spiritually Integrated Psychotherapy Among Acute Psychiatric Patients. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2015. (Advance online publication).
41.
Ho RTH, Chan CKP, Lo PHY, Wong PH, Chan CLW, Leung PYP, Chen EYH. Understandings of spirituality and its role in illness recovery in persons with schizophrenia and mental-health professionals: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;16(1):1–11.CrossRef
42.
Dyson J, Cobb M, Forman D. The meaning of spirituality: A literature review. J Adv Nurs. 1997;26(6):1183–8.CrossRefPubMed
43.
44.
Epstein RM, Krasner MS. Physician resilience: what it means, why it matters, and how to promote it. Acad Med. 2013;88(3):301–3.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Service user views of spiritual and pastoral care (chaplaincy) in NHS mental health services: a co-produced constructivist grounded theory investigation
Authors
Julian Raffay
Emily Wood
Andrew Todd
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0903-9

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

BMC Psychiatry 1/2016 Go to the issue

Research article

Assessing the impact on caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: psychometric validation of the Schizophrenia Caregiver Questionnaire (SCQ)

Study protocol

Association between motor timing and treatment outcomes in patients with alcohol and/or cocaine use disorder in a rehabilitation program

Research article

Effects of cue modality and emotional category on recognition of nonverbal emotional signals in schizophrenia

Research article

Illness Management & Recovery (IMR) in the Netherlands; a naturalistic pilot study to explore the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial

Research article

The relationship between psychiatric morbidity and quality of life: interview study of Norwegian tsunami survivors 2 and 6 years post-disaster

Research article

Cortical thickness and emotion processing in young adults with mild to moderate depression: a preliminary study