Skip to main content
Top
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

A qualitative study of how people with severe mental illness experience living in sheltered housing with a private fully equipped apartment

Authors: Eirik Roos, Ottar Bjerkeset, Erik Søndenaa, Dag Øyvind Antonsen, Aslak Steinsbekk

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

There are a number of supported housing options for people with severe mental illness (SMI), but limited knowledge about residents’ experiences. The aim of this study was to explore how people with SMI experienced sheltered housing consisting of both a private fully equipped apartment and a shared accommodation room for socializing.

Methods

Fourteen people with SMI living in sheltered housing apartments participated in a qualitative study with semi-structured face to face individual or group interviews.

Results

Residents’ access to the service providers in the sheltered housing, who were seen as both “ordinary people” and skilled to observe symptom changes at an early stage, were major factors for the perception of security. In addition, residents highlighted the possibility of living in a fully equipped apartment, and having access to a shared accommodation room to connect with other residents. Having a fully equipped apartment including their own equipment such as a washing machine was said to help reduce conflicts. Short tenancy agreements made some informants feel insecure. It was also essential to have meaningful daily activities outside the residence to avoid re-hospitalization.

Conclusions

The positive experience was connected to having a fully private equipped apartment including shared accommodation room. The service providers should be aware of the dilemma with in-house support, to make residents feel secure versus increased dependency on service providers.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
2.
go back to reference Shen GC, Snowden LR. Institutionalization of deinstitutionalization: a cross-national analysis of mental health system reform. Int J Ment Heal Syst. 2014;8(1):47.CrossRef Shen GC, Snowden LR. Institutionalization of deinstitutionalization: a cross-national analysis of mental health system reform. Int J Ment Heal Syst. 2014;8(1):47.CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Chilvers R, Macdonald GM, Hayes AA. Supported housing for people with severe mental disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;18(4):Cd000453. Chilvers R, Macdonald GM, Hayes AA. Supported housing for people with severe mental disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;18(4):Cd000453.
4.
go back to reference Wolf J, Burnam A, Koegel P, Sullivan G, Morton S. Changes in subjective quality of life among homeless adults who obtain housing: a prospective examination. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2001;36(8):391–8.CrossRefPubMed Wolf J, Burnam A, Koegel P, Sullivan G, Morton S. Changes in subjective quality of life among homeless adults who obtain housing: a prospective examination. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2001;36(8):391–8.CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Kyle T, Dunn JR. Effects of housing circumstances on health, quality of life and healthcare use for people with severe mental illness: a review. Health Soc Care Community. 2008;16(1):1–15.CrossRefPubMed Kyle T, Dunn JR. Effects of housing circumstances on health, quality of life and healthcare use for people with severe mental illness: a review. Health Soc Care Community. 2008;16(1):1–15.CrossRefPubMed
6.
go back to reference Brunt D, Tibblin L. Supported housing and housing support for the psychiatrically disabled-Background, population, policies, practices and current challenges. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work. 2011;23(1/2):54–65. Brunt D, Tibblin L. Supported housing and housing support for the psychiatrically disabled-Background, population, policies, practices and current challenges. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work. 2011;23(1/2):54–65.
7.
go back to reference Dorvil H, Morin P, Beaulieu A, Robert D. Housing as a social integration factor for people classified as mentally ill. Housing Studies. 2005;20(3):497–519.CrossRef Dorvil H, Morin P, Beaulieu A, Robert D. Housing as a social integration factor for people classified as mentally ill. Housing Studies. 2005;20(3):497–519.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Anthony WA, Cohen MR, Farkas MD, Gagne C. Psychiatric rehabilitation. Boston: Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University; 2002. Anthony WA, Cohen MR, Farkas MD, Gagne C. Psychiatric rehabilitation. Boston: Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University; 2002.
9.
go back to reference Ellison ML, Rogers ES, Lyass A, Massaro J, Wewiorski NJ, Hsu ST, Anthony WA. Statewide initiative of intensive psychiatric rehabilitation: outcomes and relationship to other mental health service use. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2011;35(1):9–19.CrossRefPubMed Ellison ML, Rogers ES, Lyass A, Massaro J, Wewiorski NJ, Hsu ST, Anthony WA. Statewide initiative of intensive psychiatric rehabilitation: outcomes and relationship to other mental health service use. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2011;35(1):9–19.CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Rog DJ. The evidence on supported housing. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2004;27(4):334. Accessed Jul 2013. Rog DJ. The evidence on supported housing. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2004;27(4):334. Accessed Jul 2013.
11.
go back to reference Parkinson S, Nelson G, Horgan S. From housing to homes: A review of the literature on housing approaches for psychiatric consumer/survivors. Can J Commun Ment Health. 2009;18(1):145–64.CrossRef Parkinson S, Nelson G, Horgan S. From housing to homes: A review of the literature on housing approaches for psychiatric consumer/survivors. Can J Commun Ment Health. 2009;18(1):145–64.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Haberfellner EM, Grausgruber A, Grausgruber-Berner R, Ortmair M, Schony W. [Deinstitutionalization of long-stay psychiatric patients in upper austria - living situation, social and clinical characteristics more than one year after discharge]. Psychiatr Prax. 2004;31(4):192–7.CrossRefPubMed Haberfellner EM, Grausgruber A, Grausgruber-Berner R, Ortmair M, Schony W. [Deinstitutionalization of long-stay psychiatric patients in upper austria - living situation, social and clinical characteristics more than one year after discharge]. Psychiatr Prax. 2004;31(4):192–7.CrossRefPubMed
13.
go back to reference Bitter D, Entenfellner A, Matschnig T, Frottier P, Fruhwald S. [At home in a home? Did de-hospitalisation mean de-institutionalisation?]. Psychiatr Prax. 2009;36(6):261–9.CrossRefPubMed Bitter D, Entenfellner A, Matschnig T, Frottier P, Fruhwald S. [At home in a home? Did de-hospitalisation mean de-institutionalisation?]. Psychiatr Prax. 2009;36(6):261–9.CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Tanzman B. An overview of surveys of mental health consumers’ preferences for housing and support services. Psychiatr Serv. 1993;44(5):450–5.CrossRef Tanzman B. An overview of surveys of mental health consumers’ preferences for housing and support services. Psychiatr Serv. 1993;44(5):450–5.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference De Heer-Wunderink C, Visser E, Sytema S, Wiersma D. Social inclusion of people with severe mental illness living in community housing programs. Psychiatr Serv. 2012;63(11):1102–7.CrossRefPubMed De Heer-Wunderink C, Visser E, Sytema S, Wiersma D. Social inclusion of people with severe mental illness living in community housing programs. Psychiatr Serv. 2012;63(11):1102–7.CrossRefPubMed
16.
go back to reference Tsai J, Bond GR, Salyers MP, Godfrey JL, Davis KE. Housing preferences and choices among adults with mental illness and substance use disorders: a qualitative study. Community Ment Health J. 2010;46(4):381–8.CrossRefPubMed Tsai J, Bond GR, Salyers MP, Godfrey JL, Davis KE. Housing preferences and choices among adults with mental illness and substance use disorders: a qualitative study. Community Ment Health J. 2010;46(4):381–8.CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Ganann R, Krishnaratne S, Ciliska D, Kouyoumdjian F, Hwang SW. Effectiveness of interventions to improve the health and housing status of homeless people: a rapid systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:638.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Ganann R, Krishnaratne S, Ciliska D, Kouyoumdjian F, Hwang SW. Effectiveness of interventions to improve the health and housing status of homeless people: a rapid systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:638.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
go back to reference Tabol C, Drebing C, Rosenheck R. Studies of “supported” and “supportive” housing: a comprehensive review of model descriptions and measurement. Eval Program Plann Elsevier. 2010;33(4):446–56.CrossRef Tabol C, Drebing C, Rosenheck R. Studies of “supported” and “supportive” housing: a comprehensive review of model descriptions and measurement. Eval Program Plann Elsevier. 2010;33(4):446–56.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Rog DJ, Marshall T, Dougherty RH, George P, Daniels AS, Ghose SS, Delphin-Rittmon ME. Permanent supportive housing: assessing the evidence. Psychiatr Serv. 2014;65(3):287–94.CrossRefPubMed Rog DJ, Marshall T, Dougherty RH, George P, Daniels AS, Ghose SS, Delphin-Rittmon ME. Permanent supportive housing: assessing the evidence. Psychiatr Serv. 2014;65(3):287–94.CrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Leff HS, Chow CM, Pepin R, Conley J, Allen IE, Seaman CA. Does one size fit all? What we can and can’t learn from a meta-analysis of housing models for persons with mental illness. Psychiatr Serv. 2009;60(4):473–82.CrossRefPubMed Leff HS, Chow CM, Pepin R, Conley J, Allen IE, Seaman CA. Does one size fit all? What we can and can’t learn from a meta-analysis of housing models for persons with mental illness. Psychiatr Serv. 2009;60(4):473–82.CrossRefPubMed
21.
go back to reference Forchuk C, MacClure SK, Van Beers M, Smith C, Csiernik R, Hoch J, Jensen E. Developing and testing an intervention to prevent homelessness among individuals discharged from psychiatric wards to shelters and ‘No Fixed Address’. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2008;15(7):569–75.CrossRefPubMed Forchuk C, MacClure SK, Van Beers M, Smith C, Csiernik R, Hoch J, Jensen E. Developing and testing an intervention to prevent homelessness among individuals discharged from psychiatric wards to shelters and ‘No Fixed Address’. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2008;15(7):569–75.CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Thornicroft G, Bebbington P, Leff J. Outcomes for long-term patients one year after discharge from a psychiatric hospital. Psychiatr Serv. 2005;56(11):1416–22.CrossRefPubMed Thornicroft G, Bebbington P, Leff J. Outcomes for long-term patients one year after discharge from a psychiatric hospital. Psychiatr Serv. 2005;56(11):1416–22.CrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Lindstrom M, Sjostrom S, Lindberg M. Stories of rediscovering agency: home-based occupational therapy for people with severe psychiatric disability. Qual Health Res. 2013;23(6):728–40.CrossRefPubMed Lindstrom M, Sjostrom S, Lindberg M. Stories of rediscovering agency: home-based occupational therapy for people with severe psychiatric disability. Qual Health Res. 2013;23(6):728–40.CrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Bengtsson-Tops A, Ericsson U, Ehliasson K. Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness: a paradoxical everyday life. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2014;23(5):409–18.CrossRefPubMed Bengtsson-Tops A, Ericsson U, Ehliasson K. Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness: a paradoxical everyday life. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2014;23(5):409–18.CrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Malterud K. Systematic text condensation: a strategy for qualitative analysis. Scand J Public Health. 2012;40(8):795–805.CrossRefPubMed Malterud K. Systematic text condensation: a strategy for qualitative analysis. Scand J Public Health. 2012;40(8):795–805.CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference O’Connell M, Rosenheck R, Kasprow W, Frisman L. An examination of fulfilled housing preferences and quality of life among homeless persons with mental illness and/or substance use disorders. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2006;33(3):354–65.CrossRefPubMed O’Connell M, Rosenheck R, Kasprow W, Frisman L. An examination of fulfilled housing preferences and quality of life among homeless persons with mental illness and/or substance use disorders. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2006;33(3):354–65.CrossRefPubMed
27.
go back to reference Lambri M, Chakraborty A, Leavey G, King M. Quality of life and unmet need in people with psychosis in the London Borough of Haringey, UK. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:836067.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lambri M, Chakraborty A, Leavey G, King M. Quality of life and unmet need in people with psychosis in the London Borough of Haringey, UK. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:836067.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
28.
go back to reference Anthony WA. Recovery from mental illness: The guiding vision of the mental health service system in the 1990s. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 1993;16(4):11. Anthony WA. Recovery from mental illness: The guiding vision of the mental health service system in the 1990s. Psychiatr Rehabil J. 1993;16(4):11.
29.
go back to reference Chesters J, Fletcher M, Jones R. Mental illness recovery and place. Australian e-J Adv Ment Health. 2005;4(2):89–97.CrossRef Chesters J, Fletcher M, Jones R. Mental illness recovery and place. Australian e-J Adv Ment Health. 2005;4(2):89–97.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Gaebel W, Muijen M, Baumann AE, Bhugra D, Wasserman D, van der Gaag RJ, Heun R, Zielasek J, European Psychiatric A. EPA guidance on building trust in mental health services. Eur Psychiatry. 2014;29(2):83–100.CrossRefPubMed Gaebel W, Muijen M, Baumann AE, Bhugra D, Wasserman D, van der Gaag RJ, Heun R, Zielasek J, European Psychiatric A. EPA guidance on building trust in mental health services. Eur Psychiatry. 2014;29(2):83–100.CrossRefPubMed
31.
go back to reference Tew J, Ramon S, Slade M, Bird V, Melton J, Le Boutillier C. Social factors and recovery from mental health difficulties: a review of the evidence. Br J Soc Work. 2012;42:443-60. Tew J, Ramon S, Slade M, Bird V, Melton J, Le Boutillier C. Social factors and recovery from mental health difficulties: a review of the evidence. Br J Soc Work. 2012;42:443-60.
32.
go back to reference Mares AS, Rosenheck RA. A comparison of treatment outcomes among chronically homelessness adults receiving comprehensive housing and health care services versus usual local care. Adm Policy Ment Health Ment Health Serv Res. 2011;38(6):459–75.CrossRef Mares AS, Rosenheck RA. A comparison of treatment outcomes among chronically homelessness adults receiving comprehensive housing and health care services versus usual local care. Adm Policy Ment Health Ment Health Serv Res. 2011;38(6):459–75.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
A qualitative study of how people with severe mental illness experience living in sheltered housing with a private fully equipped apartment
Authors
Eirik Roos
Ottar Bjerkeset
Erik Søndenaa
Dag Øyvind Antonsen
Aslak Steinsbekk
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0888-4

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

BMC Psychiatry 1/2016 Go to the issue