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BMC Cancer
Published in: BMC Cancer 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Technical advance

Staining of E-selectin ligands on paraffin-embedded sections of tumor tissue

Authors: Mylène A. Carrascal, Catarina Talina, Paula Borralho, A. Gonçalo Mineiro, Ana Raquel Henriques, Cláudia Pen, Manuela Martins, Sofia Braga, Robert Sackstein, Paula A. Videira

Published in: BMC Cancer | Issue 1/2018

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Abstract

Background

The E-selectin ligands expressed by cancer cells mediate adhesion of circulating cancer cells to endothelial cells, as well as within tissue microenvironments important for tumor progression and metastasis. The identification of E-selectin ligands within cancer tissue could yield new biomarkers for patient stratification and aid in identifying novel therapeutic targets. The determinants of selectin ligands consist of sialylated tetrasaccharides, the sialyl Lewis X and A (sLeX and sLeA), displayed on protein or lipid scaffolds. Standardized procedures for immunohistochemistry make use of the antibodies against sLeX and/or sLeA. However, antibody binding does not define E-selectin binding activity.

Methods

In this study, we developed an immunohistochemical staining technique, using E-selectin-human Ig Fc chimera (E-Ig) to characterize the expression and localization of E-selectin binding sites on paraffin-embedded sections of different cancer tissue.

Results

E-Ig successfully stained cancer cells with high specificity. The E-Ig staining show high reactivity scores in colon and lung adenocarcinoma and moderate reactivity in triple negative breast cancer. Compared with reactivity of antibody against sLeX/A, the E-Ig staining presented higher specificity to cancer tissue with better defined borders and less background.

Conclusions

The E-Ig staining technique allows the qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of E-selectin binding activity on cancer cells. The development of accurate techniques for detection of selectin ligands may contribute to better diagnostic and better understanding of the molecular basis of tumor progression and metastasis.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Staining of E-selectin ligands on paraffin-embedded sections of tumor tissue
Authors
Mylène A. Carrascal
Catarina Talina
Paula Borralho
A. Gonçalo Mineiro
Ana Raquel Henriques
Cláudia Pen
Manuela Martins
Sofia Braga
Robert Sackstein
Paula A. Videira
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Cancer / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-018-4410-x

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