Published in:
Open Access
01-12-2016 | Research article
All-trans retinoic acid synergizes with topotecan to suppress AML cells via promoting RARα-mediated DNA damage
Authors:
Zhifei Xu, JinJin Shao, Lin Li, Xueming Peng, Min Chen, Guanqun Li, Hao Yan, Bo Yang, Peihua Luo, Qiaojun He
Published in:
BMC Cancer
|
Issue 1/2016
Login to get access
Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy is the only therapy option for the majority of AML patients, however, there are several limitations for this treatment. Our aim was to find a new chemotherapy strategy that is more effective and less toxic.
Methods
MTT assays and a xenograft mouse model were employed to evaluate the synergistic activity of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with topotecan (TPT). Drug-induced DNA damage and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry analysis with PI and DAPI staining, the comet assay and Western blots. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and a RARα plasmid were used to determine whether RARα expression influenced DNA damage and apoptosis.
Results
We found that ATRA exhibited synergistic activity in combination with Topotecan in AML cells, and the enhanced apoptosis induced by Topotecan plus ATRA resulted from caspase pathway activation. Mechanistically, ATRA dramatically down regulated RARα protein levels and led to more DNA damage and ultimately resulted in the synergism of these two agents. In addition, the increased antitumor efficacy of Topotecan combined with ATRA was further validated in the HL60 xenograft mouse model.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrated, for the first time, that the combination of TPT and ATRA showed potential benefits in AML, providing a novel insight into clinical treatment strategies.