Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The ONWARDS insulin icodec trials

A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Published in: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand serum levels as markers of premature labor

Authors: Rafał Rzepka, Barbara Dołęgowska, Daria Sałata, Aleksandra Rajewska, Marta Budkowska, Leszek Domański, Sebastian Kwiatkowski, Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner, Andrzej Torbé

Published in: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth | Issue 1/2015

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

This study aimed to determine the relationships between secretory and endogenous secretory receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE, esRAGE), sRANKL, osteoprotegerin and the interval from diagnosis of threatened premature labor or premature rupture of the fetal membranes to delivery, and to evaluate the prognostic values of the assessed parameters for preterm birth.

Methods

Ninety women between 22 and 36 weeks’ gestation were included and divided into two groups: group A comprised 41 women at 22 to 36 weeks’ gestation who were suffering from threatened premature labor; and group B comprised 49 women at 22 to 36 weeks’ gestation with preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Levels of sRAGE, esRAGE, sRANKL, and osteoprotegerin were measured. The Mann–Whitney test was used to assess differences in parameters between the groups. For statistical analysis of relationships, correlation coefficients were estimated using Spearman’s test. Receiver operating characteristics were used to determine the cut-off point and predictive values.

Results

In group A, sRAGE and sRANKL levels were correlated with the latent time from symptoms until delivery (r = 0.422; r = −0.341, respectively). The sensitivities of sRANKL and sRAGE levels for predicting preterm delivery were 0.895 and 0.929 with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.857 and 0.929, respectively. In group B, sRAGE and sRANKL levels were correlated with the latent time from pPROM until delivery (r = 0.381; r = −0.439). The sensitivity of sRANKL and sRAGE for predicting delivery within 24 h after pPROM was 0.682 and 0.318, with NPVs of 0.741 and 0.625, respectively. Levels of esRAGE and sRANKL were lower in group A than in group B (median = 490.2 vs 541.1 pg/mL; median = 6425.0 vs 11362.5 pg/mL, respectively).

Conclusions

Correlations between sRAGE, sRANKL, and pregnancy duration after the onset of symptoms suggest their role in preterm delivery. The high prognostic values of these biomarkers indicate their usefulness in diagnosis of pregnancies with threatened premature labor.
Literature
1.
2.
Vitale SG, Marilli I, Rapisarda AM, Rossetti D, Belluomo G, Iapichino V, et al. Cellular and biochemical mechanisms, risk factors and management of preterm birth: state of the art. Minerva Ginecol. 2014;66:589–95.PubMed
3.
Passini Jr R, Cecatti JG, Lajos GJ, Tedesco RP, Nomura ML, Dias TZ, et al. Brazilian Multicentre Study on Preterm Birth (EMIP): prevalence and factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(10):e109069. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0109069.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Bastek JA, Sammel MD, Jackson TD, Ryan ME, McShea MA, Elovitz MA. Environmental variables as potential modifiable risk factors of preterm birth in Philadelphia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212:e1–10. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.025.CrossRef
5.
Grieger JA, Grzeskowiak LE, Clifton VL. Preconception dietary patterns in human pregnancies are associated with preterm delivery. J Nutr. 2014;144:1075–80.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Vrachnis N, Vitoratos N, Iliodromiti Z, Sifakis S, Deligeoroglou E, Creatsas G. Intrauterine inflamation and preterm delivery. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2010;1205:188–22.CrossRef
7.
Rzepka R, Torbé A, Czajka R, Kwiatkowski S, Bartoszek M, Cymbaluk A. Rapid assessment of the IL-6 cervico-vaginal fluid level in threatening preterm labor. Ginekol Pol. 2009;80:678–81.PubMed
8.
Torbé A, Czajka R, Kordek A, Rzepka R, Kwiatkowski S, Rudnicki J. Maternal serum proinflammatory cytokines in preterm labor with intact membranes: neonatal outcome and histological associations. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2007;18:102–7.PubMed
9.
Perales-Puchalt A, Brik M, Diago VJ, Perales A. The negative predictive value of cervical interleukin-6 for the risk assessment of preterm birth. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26:1278–81.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Timmons BC, Reese J, Socrate S, Ehinger N, Paria BC, Milne GL, et al. Prostaglandins are essential for cervical ripening in LPS-mediated preterm birth but not term or antiprogestin-driven preterm ripening. Endocrinology. 2014;155:287–98.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Lockwood CL, Senyei AE, Dische M. Fetal fibronectin in cervical and vaginal secretions as a predictor of preterm delivery. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:669–74.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Lories RJ, Luyten FP. Osteoprotegerin and osteoprotegerin-ligand balance: a new paradigm in bone metabolism providing new therapeutic targets. Clin Rheumatol. 2001;20:3–9.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Martin TJ. Paracrine regulation of osteoclast formation and activity: milestones in discovery. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2004;4:243–53.PubMed
14.
Schoppet M, Preissner KT, Hofbauer LC. RANK ligand and osteoprotegerin: paracrine regulators of bone metabolism and vascular function. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2002;22:549–53.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Abedin M, Omland T, Ueland T, Khera A, Aukrust P, Murphy SA, et al. Relation of osteoprotegerin to coronary calcium and aortic plaque (from the Dallas Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 2007;99:513–8.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Olesen P, Ledet T, Rasmussen LM. Arterial osteoprotegerin: increased amounts in diabetes and modifiable synthesis from vascular smooth muscle cells by insulin and TNF-alpha. Diabetologia. 2005;48:561–8.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Rasmussen LM, Ledet T. Osteoprotegerin and diabetic macroangiopathy. Horm Metab Res. 2005;37 Suppl 1:90–4.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Rogers A, Eastell R. Circulating osteoprotegerin and receptor activator for nuclear factor kappaB ligand: clinical utility in metabolic bone disease assessment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:6323–31.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Rogers A, Saleh G, Hannon RA, Greenfield D, Eastell R. Circulating estradiol and osteoprotegerin as determinants of bone turnover and bone density in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4470–5.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Lacey DL, Tan HL, Lu J, Kaufman S, Van G, Qiu W, et al. Osteoprotegerin ligand modulates murine osteoclast survival in vitro and in vivo. Am J Pathol. 2000;157:435–48.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Ikeda T, Kasai M, Utsuyama M, Hirokawa K. Determination of three isoforms of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and their differential expression in bone and thymus. Endocrinology. 2001;142:1419–26.PubMed
22.
Suzuki J, Ikeda T, Kuroyama H, Seki S, Kasai M, Utsuyama M, et al. Regulation of osteoclastogenesis by three human RANKL isoforms expressed in NIH3T3 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;314:1021–7.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Yasuda H, Shima N, Nakagawa N, Mochizuki SI, Yano K, Fujise N, et al. Identify of osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) and osteoprotegerin (OPG): a mechanism by which OPG/OCIF inhibits osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Endocrinology. 1998;139:1329–77.PubMed
24.
Hofbauer LC, Lacey DL, Dunstan CR, Spelsberg TC, Riggs BL, Khosla S. Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but not interleukin-6, stimulate osteoprotegerin ligand gene expression in human osteoblastic cells. Bone. 1999;25:255–9.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Takai H, Kanematsu M, Yano K, Tsuda E, Higashio K, Ikeda K, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta stimulates the production of osteoprotegerin/osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor by bone marrow stromal cells. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:27091–6.CrossRefPubMed
26.
27.
Anderson DM, Maraskovsky E, Billingsley WL, Dougall WC, Tometsko ME, Roux ER, et al. A homologue of the TNF receptor and its ligand enhance T-cell growth and dendritic-cell function. Nature. 1997;390:175–9.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Iwamoto K, Miyamoto T, Sawatani Y, Hosogane N, Hamaguchi I, Takami M, et al. Dimer formation of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB induces incomplete osteoclast formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004;325:229–34.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Aubin JE, Bonnelye E. Osteoprotegerin and its ligand: A new paradigm for regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Medscape Womens Health. 2000;5:5.PubMed
30.
Fu Q, Jilka RL, Manolagas SC, O’Brien CA. Parathyroid hormone stimulates receptor activator of NFkappa B ligand and inhibits osteoprotegerin expression via protein kinase A activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:48868–75.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Ramasamy R, Shi Fang Y, Herold K, Clynes R, Schmidt AM. Receptor for advanced glycation end products. Fundamental roles in the inflammatory response: winding the way to the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2008;1126:7–13.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Basta G, Lazzerini G, Massaro M, Simoncini T, Tanganelli P, Fu C, et al. Advanced glycation end products activate endothelium through signal-transduction receptor RAGE: a mechanism for amplification of inflammatory responses. Circulation. 2002;105:816–22.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Ding Q, Keller JN. Evaluation of rage isoforms, ligands, and signaling in the brain. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005;1746:18–27.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Hanford LE, Enghild JJ, Valnickova Z, Petersen SV, Schaefer LM, Schaefer TM, et al. Purification and characterization of mouse soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE). J Biol Chem. 2004;279:50019–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Yonekura H, Yamamoto Y, Sakurai S, Petrova RG, Abedin MJ, Li H, et al. Novel splice variants of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products expressed in human vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, and their putative roles in diabetes-induced vascular injury. Biochem J. 2003;370:1097–109.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
36.
Romero R, Miranda J, Chaiworapongsa T, Korzeniewski SJ, Chaemsaithong P, Gotsch F, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2014;72:458–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
37.
Dubicke A, Andersson P, Fransson E, Andersson E, Sioutas A, Malmström A, et al. High-mobility group box protein 1 and its signalling receptors in human preterm and term cervix. J Reprod Immunol. 2010;84:86–94.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Buhimschi CS, Baumbusch MA, Dulay AT, Oliver EA, Lee S, Zhao G, et al. Characterization of RAGE, HMGB1, and S100beta in inflammation-induced preterm birth and fetal tissue injury. Am J Pathol. 2009;175:958–75.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Romero R, Espinoza J, Hassan S, Gotsch F, Kusanovic JP, Avila C, et al. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) in amniotic fluid: modulation by infection and inflammation. J Perinat Med. 2008;36:388–98.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Romero R, Chaiworapongsa T, Savasan ZA, Hussein Y, Dong Z, Kusanovic JP, et al. Clinical chorioamnionitis is characterized by changes in the expression of the alarmin HMGB1 and one of its receptors, sRAGE. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012;25:558–67.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Hájek Z, Germanová A, Koucký M, Zima T, Kopecký P, Vítkova M, et al. Detection of feto-maternal infection/inflammation by the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE): results of a pilot study. J Perinat Med. 2008;36:399–404.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Bastek JA, Brown AG, Foreman MN, McShea MA, Anglim LM, Adamczak JE, et al. The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products can prospectively identify patients at greatest risk for preterm birth. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2012;25:1762–8.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Knevel R, de Rooy DP, Saxne T, Lindqvist E, Leijsma MK, Daha NA, et al. A genetic variant in osteoprotegerin is associated with progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2014;16:R108. doi:10.1186/ar4558.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
45.
Xu S, Wang Y, Lu J, Xu J. Osteoprotegerin and RANKL in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis-induced osteoporosis. Rheumatol Int. 2012;32:3397–403. doi:10.1007/s00296-011-2175-5.CrossRefPubMed
46.
Xi L, Cao H, Chen Y. OPG/RANK/RANKL axis in atrial fibrillation. Cardiology. 2013;125:174–5. doi:10.1159/000351441.CrossRefPubMed
47.
Irtiuga OB, Zhiduleva EV, Dubrovskaia OB, Moiseeva OM. Concentration of osteoprotegerin and RANKL in blood serum of patients with aortic stenosis. Kardiologiia. 2014;54:44–8.CrossRefPubMed
48.
Mori K, Le Goff B, Berreur M, Riet A, Moreau A, Blanchard F, et al. Human osteosarcoma cells express functional receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B. J Pathol. 2007;211:555–62.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Mori K, Berreur M, Blanchard F, Chevalier C, Guisle-Marsollier I, Masson M, et al. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) directly modulates the gene expression profile of RANK-positive Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells. Oncol Rep. 2007;18:1365–71.PubMed
50.
Briana DD, Boutsikou M, Boutsikou T, Malamitsi-Puchner A. Relationships between maternal novel adipocytokines and bone biomarkers in complicated by gestational hypertensive disorders and normal pregnancies. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26:1219–22. doi:10.3109/14767058.2013.775420.CrossRefPubMed
51.
Shen P, Gong Y, Wang T, Chen Y, Jia J, Ni S, et al. Expression of osteoprotegerin in placenta and its association with preeclampsia. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e44340. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044340.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
Vitoratos N, Lambrinoudaki I, Rizos D, Armeni E, Alexandrou A, Creatsas G. Maternal circulating osteoprotegerin and soluble RANKL in pre-eclamptic women. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011;154:141–5. doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2010.10.009.CrossRefPubMed
53.
Dorota DK, Bogdan KG, Mieczyslaw G, Bozena LG, Jan O. The concentrations of markers of bone turnover in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2012;31:166–76. doi:10.3109/10641955.2010.484084.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Briana DD, Boutsikou M, Baka S, Hassiakos D, Gourgiotis D, Malamitsi-Puchner A. Circulating osteoprotegerin and sRANKL concentrations in the perinatal period at term. The impact of intrauterine growth restriction. Neonatology. 2009;96:132. doi:10.1159/000211666.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Madarász E, Tamás G, Tabák AG, Speer G, Lakatos P, Kerényi Z. Osteoprotegerin levels in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:e5. doi:10.2337/dc08-1628.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Schmidt AM, Hori O, Chen JX, Li JF, Crandall J, Zhang J, et al. Advanced glycation end products interacting with their endothelial receptor induce expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in cultured human endothelial cells and in mice. A potential mechanism for accelerated vasculopathy of diabetes. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:1395–403.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
57.
Fujisawa K, Katakami N, Kaneto H, Naka T, Takahara M, Sakamoto F, et al. Circulating soluble RAGE as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular event risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis. 2013;227:425–8.CrossRefPubMed
58.
Grossin N, Wautier MP, Meas T, Guillausseau PJ, Massin P, Wautier JL. Severity of diabetic microvascular complications is associated with a low soluble RAGE level. Diabetes Metab. 2008;34:392–5.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Daffu G, del Pozo CH, O’Shea KM, Ananthakrishnan R, Ramasamy R, Schmidt AM. Radical roles for RAGE in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases and beyond. Int J Mol Sci. 2013;14:19891–910.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
60.
Colhoun HM, Betteridge DJ, Durrington P, Hitman G, Neil A, Livingstone S, et al. Total soluble and endogenous secretory receptor for advanced glycation end products as predictive biomarkers of coronary heart disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: an analysis from the CARDS trial. Diabetes. 2011;60:2379–85.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
61.
Piarulli F, Lapolla A, Ragazzi E, Susana A, Sechi A, Nollino L, et al. Role of endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) in defending against plaque formation induced by oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Atherosclerosis. 2013;226:252–7.CrossRefPubMed
62.
Moy KA, Jiao L, Freedman ND, Weinstein SJ, Sinha R, Virtamo J, et al. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and risk of liver cancer. Hepatology. 2013;57:2338–45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
63.
Rzepka R, Dołęgowska B, Rajewska A, Kwiatkowski S. On the significance of new biochemical markers for the diagnosis of premature labour. Mediators of Inflammation. 2014; doi:10.1155/2014/251451.
64.
Bierhaus A, Stern DM, Nawroth PP. RAGE in inflammation: a new therapeutic target? Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2006;7:985–91.PubMed
65.
Wautier MP, Chappey O, Corda S, Stern DM, Schmidt AM, Wautier JL. Activation of NADPH oxidase by AGE links oxidant stress to altered gene expression via RAGE. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2001;280:685–94.
66.
Germanová A, Muravská A, Jáchymová M, Hájek Z, Koucký M, Mestek O, et al. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and glyoxalase I gene polymorphisms in pathological pregnancy. Clin Biochem. 2012;45:1409–14.CrossRefPubMed
67.
Laresgoiti-Servitje E. A leading role for the immune system in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. J Leukoc Biol. 2013;94:247–57. doi:10.1189/jlb.1112603.CrossRefPubMed
68.
69.
Bredeson S, Papaconstantinou J, Deford JH, Kechichian T, Syed TA, Saade GR, et al. HMGB1 promotes a p38MAPK associated non-infectious inflammatory response pathway in human fetal membranes. PLoS ONE. 2014;3:e113799. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113799.CrossRef
70.
71.
Menon R, Boldogh I, Hawkins HK, Woodson M, Polettini J, Syed TA, et al. Histological evidence of oxidative stress and premature senescence in preterm premature rupture of the human fetal membranes recapitulated in vitro. Am J Pathol. 2014;184:1740–51. doi:10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.02.011.CrossRefPubMed
72.
Liong S, Di Quinzio M, Fleming G, Permezel M, Rice G, Georgiou H. New biomarkers for the prediction of spontaneous preterm labour in symptomatic pregnant women: a comparison with fetal fibronectin. BJOG. 2015;122:370. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.12993.CrossRefPubMed
73.
van Baaren GJ, Vis JY, Wilms FF, Oudijk MA, Kwee A, Porath MM, et al. Predictive value of cervical length measurement and fibronectin testing in threatened preterm labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2014;123:1185–92. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000000229.CrossRefPubMed
74.
Melamed N, Hiersch L, Domniz N, Maresky A, Bardin R, Yogev Y. Predictive value of cervical length in women with threatened preterm labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122:1279–87. doi:10.1097/AOG.0000000000000022.CrossRefPubMed
75.
Anwar A, Lindow SW, Greaves L, Hall S, Jha R. The use of fetal fibronectin in suspected pre-term labour. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;34:45–7. doi:10.3109/01443615.2013.823923.CrossRefPubMed
76.
Boots AB, Sanchez-Ramos L, Bowers DM, Kaunitz AM, Zamora J, Schlattmann P. The short-term prediction of preterm birth: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2014;210:54.e1–54.e10. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2013.09.004.PubMed
77.
Honest H, Hyde CJ, Khan KS. Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth: no good test for predicting a spontaneous preterm birth. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2012;24:422–33. doi:10.1097/GCO.0b013e328359823a.CrossRefPubMed
78.
Abbott DS, Radford SK, Seed PT, Tribe RM, Shennan AH. Evaluation of a quantitative fetal fibronectin test for spontaneous preterm birth in symptomatic women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;208:122.e.1–e.6. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2012.10.890.CrossRef
79.
Di Renzo GC, Giardina I, Coata G, Di Tommaso M, Facchinetti F, Petraglia F, et al. Identification of preterm labor: the role of the fibronectin and ultrasound cervicometry and their association. Minerva Ginecol. 2011;63:477–82.PubMed
80.
Blencowe H, Cousens S, Oestergaard M, Chou D, Moller AB, Narwal R, et al. National, regional and worldwide estimates of preterm birth. Lancet. 2012;379:2162–72.CrossRefPubMed
81.
Lannon SM, Vanderhoeven JP, Eschenbach DA, Gravett MG, Adams Waldorf KM. Synergy and interactions among biological pathways leading to preterm premature rupture of membranes. Reprod Sci. 2014;21:1215–27. doi:10.1177/1933719114534535.CrossRefPubMed
82.
Dagklis T, Petousis S, Margioula-Siarkou C, Mavromatidis G, Kalogiannidis I, Prapas N, et al. Parameters affecting latency period in PPROM cases: a 10-year experience of a single institution. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26:1455–8. doi:10.3109/14767058.2013.784257.CrossRefPubMed
83.
Simhan HN, Canavan TP. Preterm premature rupture of membranes: diagnosis, evaluation and management strategies. BJOG. 2005;112 Suppl 1:32–7.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand serum levels as markers of premature labor
Authors
Rafał Rzepka
Barbara Dołęgowska
Daria Sałata
Aleksandra Rajewska
Marta Budkowska
Leszek Domański
Sebastian Kwiatkowski
Wioletta Mikołajek-Bedner
Andrzej Torbé
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2393
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-015-0559-3

Other articles of this Issue 1/2015

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 1/2015 Go to the issue

Research article

Preeclampsia and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: a hospital-based study

Research article

Barriers to antenatal care use in Nigeria: evidences from non-users and implications for maternal health programming

Research article

A systematic review of randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of exercise programs on Lumbo Pelvic Pain among postnatal women

Research article

Too few staff, too many patients: a qualitative study of the impact on obstetric care providers and on quality of care in Malawi

Research article

Factors associated with cesarean delivery in public and private hospitals in a city of northeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study

Research article

The quality of childbirth care in China: women’s voices: a qualitative study