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BMC Neurology
Published in: BMC Neurology 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Reserve-related activities and MRI metrics in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls: an observational study

Authors: Carolyn E. Schwartz, Michael G. Dwyer, Ralph Benedict, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Niels P. Bergsland, Jei Li, Murali Ramanathan, Robert Zivadinov

Published in: BMC Neurology | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

To examine whether past and current reserve-related activities make the brain less susceptible to MS pathology (i.e., lesions or disease-related atrophy).

Methods

This secondary analysis of a cohort study included 276 healthy controls (HC), and 65 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 352 relapsing-remitting MS (RR) and 109 secondary- progressive MS (SPMS) patients. Past reserve-related activities comprised educational and occupational attainment. Current reserve-related activities comprised strenuous and non-strenuous activities. MRI was performed on 3 T scanner. Regression and non-parametric analysis examined relationships between MRI metrics and reserve-related activities.

Results

Multivariate models (HC as referent) revealed significant interactions in predicting strenuous reserve-related activities with chronic lesion burden (for CIS), brain- (for RR & SPMS), subcortical- (for CIS, RR, & SPMS) and amygdala- (for RR) volumes. Maximal Lifetime Brain Growth was higher for RR patients who engaged in running before and after diagnosis, rather than only before or never. Residual Brain Volume was higher in RR patients who did weights-exercise before and after diagnosis, as compared to only before.

Conclusions

Reserve-related activities are related to brain health cross-sectionally in all MS subgroups, and longitudinally in RR patients. Consistent with reserve theory, RR patients who maintained strenuous activities had higher Maximal Lifetime Brain Growth and Residual Brain Volume. The study’s limitations are discussed, including the potential for recall bias and design limitations that preclude causal inference.
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Metadata
Title
Reserve-related activities and MRI metrics in multiple sclerosis patients and healthy controls: an observational study
Authors
Carolyn E. Schwartz
Michael G. Dwyer
Ralph Benedict
Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
Niels P. Bergsland
Jei Li
Murali Ramanathan
Robert Zivadinov
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Neurology / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2377
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-016-0624-1

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