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Open Access 01-12-2016 | Erratum
Erratum to: Combination of anxiety and depression is associated with an increased headache frequency in migraineurs: a population-based study
Published in: BMC Neurology | Issue 1/2016
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After publication of the original article [1], the authors noticed that the article contained some errors in the data presented within Table 1, Figs. 1 and 2, and Tables 2 and 3.
Fig. 1
Flow chart depicting the participation of subjects in the Korean Headache-Sleep Study
Fig. 2
Venn diagram for distribution of subjects with anxiety, depression and migraine
Table 1
Sociodemographic distribution of all survey participants, the total Korean population, and of cases identified as migraine, anxiety and depression
|
Survey participants N (%)
|
Total population N (%)
|
P
|
Migraine N, % (95 % CI)
|
Anxiety N, % (95 % CI)
|
Depression N, % (95 % CI)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Men
|
1345 (49.3)
|
17,584,365 (50.6)
|
0.854a
|
36, 2.7 (1.8–3.5)
|
109, 8.1 (6.6–9.6)
|
43, 3.2 (2.3–4.2)
|
|
Women
|
1350 (50.7)
|
17,198,350 (49.4)
|
107, 7.9 (6.5–9.4)
|
159, 11.8 (10.1–13.5)
|
73, 5.4 (4.2–6.6)
|
|
|
Age
|
||||||
|
19–29
|
542 (20.5)
|
7,717,947 (22.2)
|
0.917a
|
25, 4.5 (2.7–6.2)
|
53, 9.6 (7.2–12.1)
|
23, 4.1 (2.5–5.8)
|
|
30–39
|
604 (21.9)
|
8,349,487 (24.0)
|
42, 7.0 (4.9–9.1)
|
51, 8.7 (6.4–11.0)
|
32, 5.4 (4.6–7.3)
|
|
|
40–49
|
611 (23.1)
|
8,613,110 (24.8)
|
39, 6.5 (4.5–8.4)
|
67, 11.0 (8.5–13.5)
|
24, 4.0 (2.5–5.5)
|
|
|
50–59
|
529 (18.9)
|
6,167,505 (17.7)
|
22, 4.1 (2.4–5.9)
|
53, 9.9 (7.3–12.5)
|
22, 4.2 (2.5–6.0)
|
|
|
60–69
|
409 (15.6)
|
3,934,666 (11.3)
|
15, 3.9 (2.0–5.7)
|
14, 10.8 (7.8–13.8)
|
15, 3.7 (2.0–5.5)
|
|
|
Size of residential area
|
||||||
|
Large city
|
1248 (46.3)
|
16,776,771 (48.2)
|
0.921a
|
76, 6.1 (4.8–7.5)
|
130, 10.4 (8.7–12.1)
|
57, 4.6 (3.4–5.7)
|
|
Medium–to–small city
|
1186 (44.0)
|
15,164,345 (43.6)
|
48, 4.0 (2.9–5.2)
|
112, 9.5 (7.8–11.2)
|
47, 4.0 (2.9–5.1)
|
|
|
Rural area
|
261 (9.7)
|
2,841,599 (8.2)
|
19, 7.4 (4.2–10.6)
|
26, 10.0 (6.3–13.6)
|
12, 4.7 (2.1–7.3)
|
|
|
Education level
|
||||||
|
Middle school or less
|
393 (14.9)
|
6,608,716 (19.0)
|
0.752a
|
22, 5.5 (4.2–7.7)
|
55, 13.9 (10.5–17.4)
|
20, 5.2 (3.0–7.4)
|
|
High school
|
1208 (44.5)
|
15,234,829 (43.8)
|
60, 5.0 (3.8–6.3)
|
111, 9.2 (7.5–10.8)
|
49, 4.1 (3.0–5.2)
|
|
|
College or more
|
1068 (39.6)
|
12,939,170 (37.2)
|
60, 5.6 (4.3–7.0)
|
100, 9.5 (7.7–11.2)
|
47, 4.4 (3.2–5.7)
|
|
|
Not responded
|
26 (9.6)
|
1, 3.8 (0.0–11.8)
|
2, 8.0 (0.0–18.0)
|
0, 0.0 (0.0–0.0)
|
||
|
Total
|
2695 (100.0)
|
34,782,715 (100.0)
|
143, 5.3 (4.5–6.2)
|
268, 10.0 (8.8–11.1)
|
116, 4.3 (3.6–5.1)
|
|
Table 2
Demographics, headache characteristics and associated symptoms of migraineurs according to anxiety and depression
|
Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92
|
Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27
|
Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8
|
Migraine with anxiety and depression, N = 16
|
P-value
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Demographics
|
|||||
|
Mean age ± SD (years)
|
40.4 ± 11.4
|
47.2 ± 14.5
|
42.1 ± 15.7
|
44.5 ± 18.4
|
0.131
|
|
Women, N (%)
|
71 (75.5)
|
21 (77.8)
|
7 (77.8)
|
13 (76.5)
|
0.995
|
|
Headache characteristics
|
|||||
|
Unilateral pain, N (%)
|
57 (60.6)
|
15 (53.6)
|
4 (44.4)
|
7 (41.2)
|
0.409
|
|
Pulsating quality, N (%)
|
72 (76.6)
|
21 (77.8)
|
7 (77.8)
|
12 (70.6)
|
0.950
|
|
Moderate-to-severe severity, N (%)
|
72 (75.8)
|
22 (81.5)
|
8 (88.9)
|
17 (100.0)
|
0.119
|
|
Aggravation by movement, N (%)
|
60 (63.8)
|
21 (77.8)
|
5 (55.6)
|
15 (88.2)
|
0.121
|
|
Associated symptoms
|
|||||
|
Nausea, N (%)
|
84 (88.4)
|
23 (82.1)
|
9 (100.0)
|
15 (88.2)
|
0.544
|
|
Vomiting, N (%)
|
33 (34.7)
|
15 (53.6)
|
3 (33.3)
|
8 (47.1)
|
0.288
|
|
Photophobia, N (%)
|
55 (57.9)
|
19 (70.4)
|
1 (11.1)
|
11 (64.7)
|
0.017
|
|
Phonophobia, N (%)
|
63 (67.0)
|
21 (77.8)
|
6 (66.7)
|
13 (76.5)
|
0.668
|
|
Osmophobia, N (%)
|
42 (44.7)
|
13 (48.1)
|
4 (44.4)
|
9 (46.3)
|
0.930
|
Table 3
Frequency, severity and impact of headache according to migraineurs’ anxiety and depression status
|
Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92
|
Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27
|
Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8
|
Migraine subjects with anxiety and depression, N = 16
|
P-value*
|
Post hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Median (25 %–75 %)
|
Median (25 %–75 %)
|
Median (25 %–75 %)
|
Median (25 %–75 %)
|
|||
|
Frequency per month
|
1.0 (0.3–3.0)
|
2.0 (1.0–5.0)
|
1.0 (0.3–4.0)
|
8.0 (2.5–21.0)
|
<0.001
|
1 vs. 2 = 0.596
|
|
1 vs.3 = 1.000
|
||||||
|
1 vs. 4 < 0.001
|
||||||
|
2 vs.3 = 1.000
|
||||||
|
2 vs. 4 = 0.003
|
||||||
|
3 vs. 4 = 0.001
|
||||||
|
VAS score for pain intensity
|
6.0 (5.0–7.0)
|
7.0 (6.0–8.0)
|
7.0 (6.0–8.0)
|
7.0 (5.0–9.0)
|
<0.001
|
1 vs. 2 = 0.011
|
|
1 vs.3 = 0.824
|
||||||
|
1 vs. 4 = 0.018
|
||||||
|
2 vs.3 = 1.000
|
||||||
|
2 vs. 4 = 1.000
|
||||||
|
3 vs. 4 = 1.000
|
||||||
|
HIT–6 score
|
50.0 (46.0–58.0)
|
57.0 (49.0–60.8)
|
62.0 (52.0–70.5)
|
64.0 (61.0–67.0)
|
<0.001
|
1 vs. 2 = 0.074
|
|
1 vs.3 = 0.004
|
||||||
|
1 vs. 4 < 0.001
|
||||||
|
2 vs.3 = 0.545
|
||||||
|
2 vs. 4 = 0.005
|
||||||
|
3 vs. 4 = 1.000
|
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