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BMC Medical Genetics
Published in: BMC Medical Genetics 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Research article

Abnormal primary and permanent dentitions with ectodermal symptoms predict WNT10A deficiency

Authors: Birgitta Bergendal, Johanna Norderyd, Xiaolei Zhou, Joakim Klar, Niklas Dahl

Published in: BMC Medical Genetics | Issue 1/2016

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Abstract

Background

The WNT10A protein is critical for the development of ectodermal appendages. Variants in the WNT10A gene may be associated with a spectrum of ectodermal abnormalities including extensive tooth agenesis.

Methods

In seven patients with severe tooth agenesis we identified anomalies in primary dentition and additional ectodermal symptoms, and assessed WNT10A mutations by genetic analysis.

Results

Investigation of primary dentition revealed peg-shaped crowns of primary mandibular incisors and three individuals had agenesis of at least two primary teeth. The permanent dentition was severely affected in all individuals with a mean of 21 missing teeth. Primary teeth were most often present in positions were succedaneous teeth were missing. Furthermore, most existing molars had taurodontism. Light, brittle or coarse hair was reported in all seven individuals, hyperhidrosis of palms and soles in six individuals and nail anomalies in two individuals. The anomalies in primary dentition preceded most of the additional ectodermal symptoms. Genetic analysis revealed that all seven individuals were homozygous or compound heterozygous for WNT10A mutations resulting in C107X, E222X and F228I.

Conclusions

We conclude that tooth agenesis and/or peg-shaped crowns of primary mandibular incisors, severe oligodontia of permanent dentition as well as ectodermal symptoms of varying severity may be predictors of bi-allelic WNT10A mutations of importance for diagnosis, counselling and follow-up.
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Metadata
Title
Abnormal primary and permanent dentitions with ectodermal symptoms predict WNT10A deficiency
Authors
Birgitta Bergendal
Johanna Norderyd
Xiaolei Zhou
Joakim Klar
Niklas Dahl
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Medical Genetics / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2350
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12881-016-0349-4

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