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BMC Primary Care
Published in: BMC Primary Care 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Research article

Systematic review of international clinical guidelines for the promotion of physical activity for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases

Authors: N. Aerts, D. Le Goff, M. Odorico, J. Y. Le Reste, P. Van Bogaert, L. Peremans, G. Musinguzi, P. Van Royen, H. Bastiaens

Published in: BMC Primary Care | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

Cardiovascular diseases are the world’s leading cause of morbidity and mortality. An active lifestyle is one of the cornerstones in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. An initial step in guiding primary prevention programs is to refer to clinical guidelines. We aimed to systematically review clinical practice guidelines on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and their recommendations regarding physical activity.

Methods

We systematically searched Trip Medical Database, PubMed and Guidelines International Network from January 2012 up to December 2020 using the following search strings: ‘cardiovascular disease’, ‘prevention’, combined with specific cardiovascular disease risk factors. The identified records were screened for relevance and content. We methodologically assessed the selected guidelines using the AGREE II tool. Recommendations were summarized using a consensus-developed extraction form.

Results

After screening, 27 clinical practice guidelines were included, all of which were developed in Western countries and showed consistent rigor of development. Guidelines were consistent about the benefit of regular, moderate-intensity, aerobic physical activity. However, recommendations on strategies to achieve and sustain behavior change varied. Multicomponent interventions, comprising education, counseling and self-management support, are recommended to be delivered by various providers in primary health care or community settings. Guidelines advise to embed patient-centered care and behavioral change techniques in prevention programs.

Conclusions

Current clinical practice guidelines recommend similar PA lifestyle advice and propose various delivery models to be considered in the design of such interventions. Guidelines identify a gap in evidence on the implementation of these recommendations into practice.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Systematic review of international clinical guidelines for the promotion of physical activity for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases
Authors
N. Aerts
D. Le Goff
M. Odorico
J. Y. Le Reste
P. Van Bogaert
L. Peremans
G. Musinguzi
P. Van Royen
H. Bastiaens
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Primary Care / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2731-4553
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01409-9

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