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Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Published in: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 1/2017

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

The joint impact of habitual exercise and glycemic control on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older males

Authors: Ryoma Michishita, Takuro Matsuda, Shotaro Kawakami, Satoshi Tanaka, Akira Kiyonaga, Hiroaki Tanaka, Natsumi Morito, Yasuki Higaki

Published in: Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

This retrospective study evaluated the influence of the joint impact of habitual exercise and glycemic control on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) during a 6-year follow-up period in middle-aged and older males.

Methods

The study population included 303 males without a history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal dysfunction, or dialysis treatment. Their lifestyle behaviors regarding exercise and physical activity were evaluated using a standardized self-administered questionnaire. The participants were divided into four categories according to the performance or non-performance of habitual exercise and the presence or absence of hyperglycemia.

Results

After 6 years, 32 subjects (10.6%) developed CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria). The cumulative incidence of CKD was significantly higher among subjects who did not perform habitual exercise and hyperglycemic subjects (log-rank test: p < 0.05, respectively). According to a Cox proportional hazards model, the hazard ratio (HR) for the incidence of CKD in subjects with a normal glucose tolerance (NGT) who did not perform habitual exercise (HR = 2.82, 95% confidence of interval (CI) = 1.07–7.36, p = 0.034) and that in hyperglycemic subjects who did not perform habitual exercise (HR = 5.89, 95% CI = 1.87–16.63, p = 0.003) were significantly higher in comparison to the subjects with a NGT who performed habitual exercise.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the habitual exercise and good glycemic control and their combination were associated with the incidence of CKD.
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Metadata
Title
The joint impact of habitual exercise and glycemic control on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in middle-aged and older males
Authors
Ryoma Michishita
Takuro Matsuda
Shotaro Kawakami
Satoshi Tanaka
Akira Kiyonaga
Hiroaki Tanaka
Natsumi Morito
Yasuki Higaki
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 1342-078X
Electronic ISSN: 1347-4715
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-017-0683-y

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