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The Journal of Headache and Pain
Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

Migraine incidence in 5 years: a population-based prospective longitudinal study in Turkey

Authors: Betul Baykan, Mustafa Ertas, Necdet Karlı, Derya Uluduz, Ugur Uygunoglu, Esme Ekizoglu, Elif Kocasoy Orhan, Sabahattin Saip, Mehmet Zarifoglu, Aksel Siva

Published in: The Journal of Headache and Pain | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

The incidence of migraine has been investigated only in a few studies worldwide and it is not known in our country. We, therefore, aimed to estimate the migraine incidence in a previously accomplished population-based prevalence study sample of 5323 individuals in the year 2008.

Methods

The former Turkish headache prevalence study has been completed as a nationwide, randomized, home-based study of face-to-face examination by physicians trained for headache diagnosis by using ICHD criteria. Five years after this study an optimized survey including 50 questions was performed to estimate the migraine incidence in migraine-free individuals in the previous study, with a 56.4 % responder rate. Two validation studies for this survey were performed prior and after the study each in 100 subjects by comparing the gold standard of expert diagnosis of headache, showing high rate of reliability (Crohnbach alpha: 0.911 and 0.706, respectively).

Results

Migraine incidence was estimated as 2.38 % (2.98 % in women and 1.93 % in men) per year in 2563 migraine-free individuals; if the population at risk is defined as the group without any headaches, the migraine incidence decreased to 1.99 %. The chronic migraine (CM) incidence [without medication overuse (MOH)] was 0.066 % and that of MOH was 0.259 %. We found a significant burden of the disease on the occupational functionality as well as on social and family life, even in the early years of the migraine. The family history of headaches especially in the fathers could be useful to predict new cases of migraine, besides the well-known risk factor, diagnosis of depression, whereas income and education did not seem to relate to migraine onset.

Conclusions

Our study with a large population-based nation-wide sample, using ICHD-II criteria, with structured headache interviews as well as blinded re-validation of the questionnaire diagnoses showed a 2.38 % incidence rate of migraine in Turkey, higher than most of the other previous reports; a finding which could be related to genetic factors and also to the methodological differences in the study designs. Moreover the incidence of CM was found to be 0.066 %.
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Metadata
Title
Migraine incidence in 5 years: a population-based prospective longitudinal study in Turkey
Authors
Betul Baykan
Mustafa Ertas
Necdet Karlı
Derya Uluduz
Ugur Uygunoglu
Esme Ekizoglu
Elif Kocasoy Orhan
Sabahattin Saip
Mehmet Zarifoglu
Aksel Siva
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
Springer Milan
Published in
The Journal of Headache and Pain / Issue 1/2015
Print ISSN: 1129-2369
Electronic ISSN: 1129-2377
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-015-0589-2

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