Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Critical Care 3/2010

Open Access 01-06-2010 | Research

Reducing mortality in severe sepsis with the implementation of a core 6-hour bundle: results from the Portuguese community-acquired sepsis study (SACiUCI study)

Authors: Teresa Cardoso, António Henriques Carneiro, Orquídea Ribeiro, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Altamiro Costa-Pereira

Published in: Critical Care | Issue 3/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Introduction

To evaluate the impact of compliance with a core version of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign 6-hour bundle on 28 days mortality.

Methods

Cohort, multi-centre, prospective study on community-acquired sepsis (CAS).

Results

Seventeen intensive care units (ICU) entered the study. Over a one year period, 4,142 patients were enrolled in the study. Of the 897 (24%) admitted with CAS, 778 (87%) had severe sepsis or septic shock on ICU admission. In the first six hours of hospital admission: (1) 62% had serum lactate measured; (2) 69% fluids administered; (3) 77% specimens collected for microbiology before antibiotic administration; (4) 48% blood cultures obtained; (5) 52% antibiotics administered within the first hour of the diagnosis; (6) vasopressors were given in 78%; (7) 56% had central venous measurement (CVP) measurement; (8) 17% had a central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) measurement; (9) dobutamine was administered in 52%. Compliance with all actions 1 to 6 (core bundle) was associated with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.24-0.80] in severe sepsis and 0.49 (95% CI = 0.25-0.95) in septic shock, for 28 days mortality. This corresponded to a number needed to treat of 6 patients to save one life.

Conclusions

Compliance with this core bundle was associated with a significant reduction in the 28 days mortality. Urgent action should be taken in order to ensure that early sepsis diagnosis is followed by full completion of this "core bundle" followed by activation of expertise help in severe sepsis.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Alberti C, Brun-Buisson C, Goodman S V, Guidici D, Granton J, Moreno R, Smithies M, Thomas O, Artigas A, Le Gall JR: Influence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis on outcome of critically ill infected patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168: 77-84. 10.1164/rccm.200208-785OCCrossRefPubMed Alberti C, Brun-Buisson C, Goodman S V, Guidici D, Granton J, Moreno R, Smithies M, Thomas O, Artigas A, Le Gall JR: Influence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis on outcome of critically ill infected patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168: 77-84. 10.1164/rccm.200208-785OCCrossRefPubMed
2.
go back to reference Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M: The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. New Engl J Med 2003, 348: 1546-1554. 10.1056/NEJMoa022139CrossRefPubMed Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M: The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. New Engl J Med 2003, 348: 1546-1554. 10.1056/NEJMoa022139CrossRefPubMed
3.
go back to reference Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Crit Care Med 2008, 36: 296-327. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000298158.12101.41CrossRefPubMed Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Crit Care Med 2008, 36: 296-327. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000298158.12101.41CrossRefPubMed
4.
go back to reference Levy MM PP, Pronovost PJ, Dellinger RP, Townsend S, Resar RK, Clemmer TP, Ramsay G: Sepsis change bundles: converting guidelines into meaningful change in behaviour and clinical outcome. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: S595-597. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000147016.53607.C4CrossRefPubMed Levy MM PP, Pronovost PJ, Dellinger RP, Townsend S, Resar RK, Clemmer TP, Ramsay G: Sepsis change bundles: converting guidelines into meaningful change in behaviour and clinical outcome. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: S595-597. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000147016.53607.C4CrossRefPubMed
5.
go back to reference Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, Gerlach H, Calandra T, Cohen J, Gea-Banacloche J, Keh D, Marshall JC, Parker MM, Ramsay G, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL, Levy M: Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: 858-873. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4CrossRefPubMed Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, Gerlach H, Calandra T, Cohen J, Gea-Banacloche J, Keh D, Marshall JC, Parker MM, Ramsay G, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL, Levy M: Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for the management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: 858-873. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4CrossRefPubMed
6.
7.
go back to reference Abraham E, Laterre P, Garg R, Levy H, Talwar D, Trzaskoma BL, François B, Guy JS, Bruckmann M, Rea-Neto A, Rossaint R, Perrotin D, Sablotzki A, Arkins N, Utterback BG, Macias WL: Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) for adults with severe sepsis and low risk of death. New Engl J Med 2005, 353: 1332-1341. 10.1056/NEJMoa050935CrossRefPubMed Abraham E, Laterre P, Garg R, Levy H, Talwar D, Trzaskoma BL, François B, Guy JS, Bruckmann M, Rea-Neto A, Rossaint R, Perrotin D, Sablotzki A, Arkins N, Utterback BG, Macias WL: Drotrecogin Alfa (Activated) for adults with severe sepsis and low risk of death. New Engl J Med 2005, 353: 1332-1341. 10.1056/NEJMoa050935CrossRefPubMed
8.
go back to reference The NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators: Intensive versus Consventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients. New Engl J Med 2009, 360: 1283-1297. 10.1056/NEJMoa0810625CrossRef The NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators: Intensive versus Consventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients. New Engl J Med 2009, 360: 1283-1297. 10.1056/NEJMoa0810625CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, Moreno R, Singer M, Freivogel K, Weiss YG, Benbenishty J, Kalenka A, Forst H, Laterre PF, Reinhart K, Cuthbertson BH, Payen D, Briegel J: Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. New Engl J Med 2008, 358: 111-124. 10.1056/NEJMoa071366CrossRefPubMed Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, Moreno R, Singer M, Freivogel K, Weiss YG, Benbenishty J, Kalenka A, Forst H, Laterre PF, Reinhart K, Cuthbertson BH, Payen D, Briegel J: Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. New Engl J Med 2008, 358: 111-124. 10.1056/NEJMoa071366CrossRefPubMed
10.
go back to reference Póvoa P, Carneiro AH, Ribeiro OS, Pereira AC: Influence of vasopressor agent in septic shock mortality. Results from the Portuguese Community-Acquired Sepsis Study (SACiUCI study). Crit Care Med 2009, 37: 410-416. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181958b1cCrossRefPubMed Póvoa P, Carneiro AH, Ribeiro OS, Pereira AC: Influence of vasopressor agent in septic shock mortality. Results from the Portuguese Community-Acquired Sepsis Study (SACiUCI study). Crit Care Med 2009, 37: 410-416. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181958b1cCrossRefPubMed
11.
go back to reference Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, Angus D, Cook D, Cohen J, Opal SM, Vincent JL, Ramsay G: 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003, 31: 1250-1256. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3BCrossRefPubMed Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, Angus D, Cook D, Cohen J, Opal SM, Vincent JL, Ramsay G: 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003, 31: 1250-1256. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3BCrossRefPubMed
12.
go back to reference Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM: CDC definitions for nosocomial infections. In APIC Infection Control and Applied Epidemiology: principles and practice. Edited by: RN O. St. Louis: Mosby; A1-A20. Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Horan TC, Hughes JM: CDC definitions for nosocomial infections. In APIC Infection Control and Applied Epidemiology: principles and practice. Edited by: RN O. St. Louis: Mosby; A1-A20.
13.
go back to reference Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, Dellinger RP, Fein AM, Knaus WA, Schein RM, Sibbald WJ: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992, 101: 1644-1655. 10.1378/chest.101.6.1644CrossRefPubMed Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, Dellinger RP, Fein AM, Knaus WA, Schein RM, Sibbald WJ: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992, 101: 1644-1655. 10.1378/chest.101.6.1644CrossRefPubMed
14.
go back to reference Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F: A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA 1993, 270: 2957-2963. 10.1001/jama.270.24.2957CrossRefPubMed Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F: A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study. JAMA 1993, 270: 2957-2963. 10.1001/jama.270.24.2957CrossRefPubMed
15.
go back to reference Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE: APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985, 13: 818-829. 10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009CrossRefPubMed Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE: APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985, 13: 818-829. 10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009CrossRefPubMed
17.
go back to reference Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendonca A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG: The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22: 707-710. 10.1007/BF01709751CrossRefPubMed Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendonca A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG: The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 1996, 22: 707-710. 10.1007/BF01709751CrossRefPubMed
18.
go back to reference Bender R, Blettner M: Calculating the "number needed to be exposed" with adjustment for confounding variables in epidemiological studies. J Clin Epidemiol 2002, 55: 525-530. 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00510-8CrossRefPubMed Bender R, Blettner M: Calculating the "number needed to be exposed" with adjustment for confounding variables in epidemiological studies. J Clin Epidemiol 2002, 55: 525-530. 10.1016/S0895-4356(01)00510-8CrossRefPubMed
19.
go back to reference Vikman S AK, Tierala I, Peuhkurinen K, Majamaa-Voltti K, Niemela M, Tuunanen H, Nieminen MS, Niemela K: Improved adherence to practice guidelines yields better outcome in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation: findings from nationwide FINACS studies. J Intern Med 2004, 256: 316-323. 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01374.xCrossRefPubMed Vikman S AK, Tierala I, Peuhkurinen K, Majamaa-Voltti K, Niemela M, Tuunanen H, Nieminen MS, Niemela K: Improved adherence to practice guidelines yields better outcome in high-risk patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation: findings from nationwide FINACS studies. J Intern Med 2004, 256: 316-323. 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01374.xCrossRefPubMed
20.
go back to reference Wolff AM, Taylor SA, McCabe JF: Using checklists and reminders in clinical pathways to improve hospital inpatient care. Med J Aust 2004, 181: 428-431.PubMed Wolff AM, Taylor SA, McCabe JF: Using checklists and reminders in clinical pathways to improve hospital inpatient care. Med J Aust 2004, 181: 428-431.PubMed
21.
go back to reference Ferrer R, Artigas A, Levy MM, Blanco J, Gonzalez-Diaz G, Garnacho-Montero J, Ibanez J, Palencia E, Quintana M, de la Torre-Prados MV: Improvement in process of care and outcome after a multicenter severe sepsis educational program in Spain. JAMA 2008, 299: 2294-2303. 10.1001/jama.299.19.2294CrossRefPubMed Ferrer R, Artigas A, Levy MM, Blanco J, Gonzalez-Diaz G, Garnacho-Montero J, Ibanez J, Palencia E, Quintana M, de la Torre-Prados MV: Improvement in process of care and outcome after a multicenter severe sepsis educational program in Spain. JAMA 2008, 299: 2294-2303. 10.1001/jama.299.19.2294CrossRefPubMed
22.
go back to reference Nguyen HB, Corbett SW, Steele R, Banta J, Clark RT, Hayes SR, Edwards J, Cho TW, Wittlake WA: Implementation of a bundle of quality indicators for the early management of severe sepsis and septic shock is associated with decrease mortality. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 1105-1112. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000259463.33848.3DCrossRefPubMed Nguyen HB, Corbett SW, Steele R, Banta J, Clark RT, Hayes SR, Edwards J, Cho TW, Wittlake WA: Implementation of a bundle of quality indicators for the early management of severe sepsis and septic shock is associated with decrease mortality. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 1105-1112. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000259463.33848.3DCrossRefPubMed
23.
go back to reference Gao F, Melody T, Daniels DF, Giles S, Fox S: The impact of compliance with 6-hour and 24-hour sepsis bundles on hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2005, 9: R764-770. 10.1186/cc3909PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Gao F, Melody T, Daniels DF, Giles S, Fox S: The impact of compliance with 6-hour and 24-hour sepsis bundles on hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 2005, 9: R764-770. 10.1186/cc3909PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
24.
go back to reference Heller RF, Dobson AJ: Disease impact number and population impact number: population perspectives to measures of risk and benefit. BMJ 2000, 321: 950-953. 10.1136/bmj.321.7266.950PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Heller RF, Dobson AJ: Disease impact number and population impact number: population perspectives to measures of risk and benefit. BMJ 2000, 321: 950-953. 10.1136/bmj.321.7266.950PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
25.
go back to reference Otero RM, Nguyen HB, Huang DT, Gaieski DF, Goyal M, Gunnerson KJ, Trzeciak S, Sherwin R, Holthaus CV, Osborn T, Rivers EP: Early goal-direct therapy in severe sepsis an septic shock revisited: concepts, controversies, and contemporary findings. Chest 2006, 130: 1579-1595. 10.1378/chest.130.5.1579CrossRefPubMed Otero RM, Nguyen HB, Huang DT, Gaieski DF, Goyal M, Gunnerson KJ, Trzeciak S, Sherwin R, Holthaus CV, Osborn T, Rivers EP: Early goal-direct therapy in severe sepsis an septic shock revisited: concepts, controversies, and contemporary findings. Chest 2006, 130: 1579-1595. 10.1378/chest.130.5.1579CrossRefPubMed
26.
go back to reference Gaieski D, McCoy J, Zeserson E, Goyal M: Mortality benefit after implementation of early goal directed therapy protocol for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. Ann Emerg Med 2005,46(suppl):4. 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.06.020CrossRef Gaieski D, McCoy J, Zeserson E, Goyal M: Mortality benefit after implementation of early goal directed therapy protocol for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. Ann Emerg Med 2005,46(suppl):4. 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2005.06.020CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, Lahey D, Ngo L, Buras J, Wolfe RE, Weiss JW, Lisbon A: Implementation and outcomes of Multiple Urgent Sepsis Therapies (MUST) protocol. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1025-1032. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000206104.18647.A8CrossRefPubMed Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, Lahey D, Ngo L, Buras J, Wolfe RE, Weiss JW, Lisbon A: Implementation and outcomes of Multiple Urgent Sepsis Therapies (MUST) protocol. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1025-1032. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000206104.18647.A8CrossRefPubMed
28.
go back to reference Miguel-Yanes JM, Andueza Lillo JA, González-Ramallo VJ, Pastor L, Munoz J: Failure to implement evidence-based clinical guidelines for sepsis at the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2006, 24: 553-559. 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.01.012CrossRefPubMed Miguel-Yanes JM, Andueza Lillo JA, González-Ramallo VJ, Pastor L, Munoz J: Failure to implement evidence-based clinical guidelines for sepsis at the ED. Am J Emerg Med 2006, 24: 553-559. 10.1016/j.ajem.2006.01.012CrossRefPubMed
29.
go back to reference Gao F: Will sepsis care bundles improve patient outcome? Adv Sepsis 2006, 5: 94-96. Gao F: Will sepsis care bundles improve patient outcome? Adv Sepsis 2006, 5: 94-96.
30.
go back to reference Gomes E, Araújo R, Carneiro A, Lecky FE, Costa-Pereira A: Mortality distribution in a trauma system: from data to health policy recommmendations. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2008,34(6):561-569. 10.1007/s00068-007-6189-3CrossRef Gomes E, Araújo R, Carneiro A, Lecky FE, Costa-Pereira A: Mortality distribution in a trauma system: from data to health policy recommmendations. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2008,34(6):561-569. 10.1007/s00068-007-6189-3CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Boersma E, Maas AC, Deckers JW, Simoons ML: Early thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction: reappraisal of the golden-hour. Lancet 1996, 348: 771-775. 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02514-7CrossRefPubMed Boersma E, Maas AC, Deckers JW, Simoons ML: Early thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction: reappraisal of the golden-hour. Lancet 1996, 348: 771-775. 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)02514-7CrossRefPubMed
32.
go back to reference Meschia JF, Miller DA, Brott TG: Thrombolytic treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Mayo Clin Proc 2002, 77: 542-551. 10.4065/77.6.542CrossRefPubMed Meschia JF, Miller DA, Brott TG: Thrombolytic treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Mayo Clin Proc 2002, 77: 542-551. 10.4065/77.6.542CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Reducing mortality in severe sepsis with the implementation of a core 6-hour bundle: results from the Portuguese community-acquired sepsis study (SACiUCI study)
Authors
Teresa Cardoso
António Henriques Carneiro
Orquídea Ribeiro
Armando Teixeira-Pinto
Altamiro Costa-Pereira
Publication date
01-06-2010
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Critical Care / Issue 3/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1364-8535
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/cc9008

Other articles of this Issue 3/2010

Critical Care 3/2010 Go to the issue