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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy
Published in: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy 5/2013

01-10-2013 | Review

The role of APP and BACE1 trafficking in APP processing and amyloid-β generation

Authors: Xiaojie Zhang, Weihong Song

Published in: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy | Issue 5/2013

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Abstract

Neuritic plaques in the brain are a major neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. They are formed by the deposition and aggregation of extracellular amyloid-β protein (Aβ). Aβ is derived from the sequential cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase and γ-secretase. β-Site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) functions as the primary, if not sole, β-secretase in vivo and is essential for Aβ production. Regulation of APP processing is a major focus of research into AD pathogenesis. The trafficking systems of APP and its cleavage enzymes are complex. Transporting APP and secretases into the same subcellular organelles facilitates their interaction and favors APP processing. The role of APP and BACE1 trafficking in the amyloidgenic pathway and the underlying mechanisms for Aβ production are discussed in this review. In addition, the distinct mechanisms of amino- and carboxy-terminal Aβ generation are reviewed.
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Metadata
Title
The role of APP and BACE1 trafficking in APP processing and amyloid-β generation
Authors
Xiaojie Zhang
Weihong Song
Publication date
01-10-2013
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy / Issue 5/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1758-9193
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/alzrt211

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