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A round-up of the ONWARDS phase 3 clinical trials evaluating the novel weekly insulin icodec in people with diabetes.
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Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine
Published in: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Review

The 1027th target candidate in stroke: Will NADPH oxidase hold up?

Authors: Kim A Radermacher, Kirstin Wingler, Pamela Kleikers, Sebastian Altenhöfer, Johannes JR Hermans, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Harald HHW Schmidt

Published in: Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine | Issue 1/2012

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Abstract

As recently reviewed, 1026 neuroprotective drug candidates in stroke research have all failed on their road towards validation and clinical translation, reasons being quality issues in preclinical research and publication bias. Quality control guidelines for preclinical stroke studies have now been established. However, sufficient understanding of the underlying mechanisms of neuronal death after stroke that could be possibly translated into new therapies is lacking. One exception is the hypothesis that cellular death is mediated by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is defined as an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from different possible enzymatic sources. Among these, NADPH oxidases (NOX1-5) stand out as they represent the only known enzyme family that has no other function than to produce ROS. Based on data from different NOX knockout mouse models in ischemic stroke, the most relevant isoform appears to be NOX4. Here we discuss the state-of-the-art of this target with respect to stroke and open questions that need to be addressed on the path towards clinical translation.
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Metadata
Title
The 1027th target candidate in stroke: Will NADPH oxidase hold up?
Authors
Kim A Radermacher
Kirstin Wingler
Pamela Kleikers
Sebastian Altenhöfer
Johannes JR Hermans
Christoph Kleinschnitz
Harald HHW Schmidt
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Experimental & Translational Stroke Medicine / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 2040-7378
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/2040-7378-4-11

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