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Journal of Hematology & Oncology
Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Review

Alterations in the ribosomal machinery in cancer and hematologic disorders

Authors: Niraj Shenoy, Rachel Kessel, Tushar D Bhagat, Sanchari Bhattacharyya, Yiting Yu, Christine Mcmahon, Amit Verma

Published in: Journal of Hematology & Oncology | Issue 1/2012

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Abstract

Ribosomes are essential components of the protein translation machinery and are composed of more than 80 unique large and small ribosomal proteins. Recent studies show that in addition to their roles in protein translation, ribosomal proteins are also involved in extra-ribosomal functions of DNA repair, apoptosis and cellular homeostasis. Consequently, alterations in the synthesis or functioning of ribosomal proteins can lead to various hematologic disorders. These include congenital anemias such as Diamond Blackfan anemia and Shwachman Diamond syndrome; both of which are associated with mutations in various ribosomal genes. Acquired uniallelic deletion of RPS14 gene has also been shown to lead to the 5q syndrome, a distinct subset of MDS associated with macrocytic anemia. Recent evidence shows that specific ribosomal proteins are overexpressed in liver, colon, prostate and other tumors. Ribosomal protein overexpression can promote tumorigenesis by interactions with the p53 tumor suppressor pathway and also by direct effects on various oncogenes. These data point to a broad role of ribosome protein alterations in hematologic and oncologic diseases.
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Metadata
Title
Alterations in the ribosomal machinery in cancer and hematologic disorders
Authors
Niraj Shenoy
Rachel Kessel
Tushar D Bhagat
Sanchari Bhattacharyya
Yiting Yu
Christine Mcmahon
Amit Verma
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Hematology & Oncology / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1756-8722
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-8722-5-32

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