Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
International Breastfeeding Journal
Published in: International Breastfeeding Journal 1/2010

Open Access 01-10-2010 | Editorial

Breastfeeding and HIV: experiences from a decade of prevention of postnatal HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa

Authors: Karen Marie I Moland, Marina M de Paoli, Daniel W Sellen, Penny van Esterik, Sebalda C Leshabari, Astrid Blystad

Published in: International Breastfeeding Journal | Issue 1/2010

Login to get access

Abstract

Infant feeding by HIV-infected mothers has been a major global public health dilemma and a highly controversial matter. The controversy is reflected in the different sets of WHO infant feeding guidelines that have been issued over the last two decades. This thematic series, 'Infant feeding and HIV: lessons learnt and ways ahead' highlights the multiple challenges that HIV-infected women, infant feeding counsellors and health systems have encountered trying to translate and implement the shifting infant feeding recommendations in different local contexts in sub-Saharan Africa. As a background for the papers making up the series, this editorial reviews the changes in the guidelines in view of the roll out of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programmes in sub-Saharan Africa between 2001 and 2010.
Literature
1.
WHO: New data on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and their policy implications: Conclusions and recommendations. Technical consultation on behalf of the UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/UNAIDS inter-agency task team on mother-to-child transmission of HIV. 2001, Geneva: WHO
2.
UNAIDS: 2008 Report on the global AIDS epidemic. 2008, 1-358.
3.
Jackson DJ, Goga AE, Doherty T, Chopra M: An update on HIV and infant feeding issues in developed and developing countries. JOGNN. 2009, 38: 219-229.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Dorenbaum A, Cunningham CK, Gelber RD, Culnane M, Mofenson L, Britto P, Rekacewicz C, Newell ML, Delfraissy JF, Cunningham-Schrader B: Two-dose intrapartum/newborn nevirapine and standard antiretroviral therapy to reduce perinatal HIV transmission - A randomized trial. JAMA. 2002, 288 (2): 189-198. 10.1001/jama.288.2.189.CrossRefPubMed
5.
WHO: Towards universal access, Scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector. 2008, WHO
6.
De Cock KM, Fowler MG, Mercier E, de Vincenzi I, Saba J, Hoff E, Alnwick DJ, Rogers M, Shaffer N: Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-poor countries: translating research into policy and practice. JAMA. 2000, 283 (9): 1175-1182. 10.1001/jama.283.9.1175.CrossRefPubMed
7.
UNAIDS: What countries need. Investments needed for 2010 targets. 2009, Geneva: UNAIDS
8.
Coutsoudis A, Goga AE, Rollins N, Coovadia HM: Free formula milk for infants of HIV-infected women: blessing or curse?. Health Policy Plan. 2002, 17 (2): 154-160. 10.1093/heapol/17.2.154.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Black RE, Morris SS, Bryce J: Where and why are 10 million children dying every year?. Lancet. 2003, 361 (9376): 2226-2234. 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13779-8.CrossRefPubMed
10.
WHO Collaborative Study Team on the Role of Breastfeeding on the Prevention of Infant Mortality: Effect of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality due to infectious diseases in less developed countries: a pooled analysis. The Lancet. 2000, 355 (9202): 451-455. 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)82011-5.CrossRef
11.
Jones G, Steketee RW, Black RE, Bhutta ZA, Morris SS, The Bellagio Child Survival Study Group: How many deaths can we prevent this year?. The Lancet. 2003, 362: 65-71. 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13811-1.CrossRef
12.
Coutsoudis A, Pillay K, Spooner E, Kuhn L, Coovadia HM: Influence of infant-feeding patterns on early mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Durban, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. South African Vitamin A Study Group. Lancet. 1999, 354 (9177): 471-476. 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01101-0.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Coovadia HM, Rollins NC, Bland RM, Little K, Coutsoudis A, Bennish ML, Newell ML: Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 infection during exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life: an intervention cohort study. Lancet. 2007, 369 (9567): 1107-1116. 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60283-9.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Iliff PJ, Piwoz EG, Tavengwa NV, Zunguza CD, Marinda ET, Nathoo KJ, Moulton LH, Ward BJ, Humphrey JH: Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission and increases HIV-free survival. AIDS. 2005, 19 (7): 699-708. 10.1097/01.aids.0000166093.16446.c9.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Thior I, Lockman S, Smeaton LM, Shapiro RL, Wester C, Heymann SJ, Gilbert PB, Stevens L, Peter T, Kim S: Breastfeeding plus infant zidovudine prophylaxis for 6 months vs formula feeding plus infant zidovudine for 1 month to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission in Botswana: a randomized trial: the Mashi Study. JAMA. 2006, 296 (7): 794-805. 10.1001/jama.296.7.794.CrossRefPubMed
16.
WHO, UNAIDS: HIV and infant feeding: A guide for health care managers and supervisors. 1998, Geneva
17.
WHO, UNAIDS: HIV and infant feeding: A review of HIV transmission through breastfeeding. 1998, Geneva
18.
WHO: World Health Organization: Prevention of HIV in infants and young children: Review of evidence and WHO's activities. 2002, Geneva, 1-6.
19.
WHO: Strategic approaches to the prevention of HIV infection in infants. 2002, Geneva
20.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, FAO, UNHCR, WFP, Bank W, UNFPA, IAEA: HIV and infant feeding: Guidelines for decision-makers. 2003, Geneva
21.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, FAO, UNHCR, WFP, Bank W, UNFPA, IAEA: HIV and infant feeding: Framework for priority action. 2003, Geneva, 1-8.
22.
WHO: Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating Pregnant Women and Preventing HIV Infection in Infants: Guidelines On Care, Treatment and Support For Women Living With HIV/AIDS and their Children in Resource-Constrained Settings. 2004, Geneva
23.
WHO: WHO update on global guidance in the area of HIV and infant feeding. Food Nutr Bull. 2004, 97-98. 1
24.
WHO, UNAIDS, USAIDS, UNICEF, CDC, UNFPA: National Guide to Monitoring and Evaluating Programmes for the Prevention of HIV in Infants and Young Children. 2004, 1-32.
25.
WHO: WHO HIV and infant feeding technical consultation held on behalf of the Inter-Agency Task Team (IATT) on prevention of HIV infections in pregnant woment, mothers and their infants: consensus statement. 2006, Geneva, 5:
26.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, UNFPA: HIV and Infant Feeding: New evidence and programmematic experience. Report of a Technical Consultation held on behalf of the Inter-agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIV Infections in Pregnant Women, Mothers and their Infants, Geneva, Switzerland, 25-27 October 2006. 2007, Geneva
27.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF, UNFPA: HIV and Infant Feeding: Update. Based on the Technical Consultation. Technical Consultation held on behalf of the Inter-agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIV Infections in Pregnant Women, Mothers and their Infants, Geneva, Switzerland, 25-27 October 2006. 2007, Geneva
28.
WHO: Rapid advice: use of antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants. 2009, Geneva: WHO
29.
WHO, UNAIDS, UNFPA, UNICEF: Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding: Principles and recommendations for infant feeding in the context of HIV and a summary of evidence. 2010, Geneva: WHO
30.
Thiry L, Sprecher-Goldberger S, Jonckheer T: Isolation of AIDS virus from cell-free breastmilk of three health virus carriers. The Lancet. 1985, ii: 891-892. 10.1016/S0140-6736(85)90156-4.CrossRef
31.
Ziegler J, Johnson R, Cooper D, Gold J: Postnatal transmission of AIDS-associated retrovirus from mother to infant. The Lancet. 1985, 325 (8434): 896-898. 10.1016/S0140-6736(85)91673-3.CrossRef
32.
33.
WHO: Consensus statement from the WHO/UNICEF consultation on HIV transmission and breastfeeding. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 1992, 24: 177-179.
34.
Leshabari SC, Blystad A, Moland KM: Difficult choices: infant feeding experiences of HIV-positive mothers in northern Tanzania. SAHARA J. 2007, 4 (1): 544-555.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Rollins NC: Infant feeding and HIV. Br Med J. 2007, 334 (7592): 487-488. 10.1136/bmj.39135.411563.80.CrossRef
36.
Moland KM, Blystad A: Counting on mother's love: the global politics of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Eastern Africa. Anthropology and Public Health: Bridging Differences in Culture and Society. Edited by: Hahn RA, Inhorn MC. 2009, New York: Oxford University Press, 447-479. 2CrossRef
37.
Sellen DW, Wachira C, Gill Z: Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS (PMTCT): client experience with counseling for safe infant feeding (SIF) in Voi Area Development Program, Kenya. FASEB J. 2007, 21: A677-A678.
38.
WHO: Update based on the Technical Consultation held on behalf of the Inter-agency Task Team (IATT) on Prevention of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women, Mothers and their Infants. 2006, Geneva: WHO
39.
Coutsoudis A, Coovadia HM, Wilfert CM: HIV, infant feeding and more perils for poor people: New WHO guidelines encourage review of formula milk policies. Bull World Health Organ. 2008, 86: 210-214.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
40.
Kasenga F, Hurtig AK, Emmelin M: HIV-positive women's experiences of a PMTCT programme in rural Malawi. Midwifery. 2010, 26 (1): 27-37. 10.1016/j.midw.2008.04.007.CrossRefPubMed
41.
de Paoli MM, Mkwanazi NB, Richter LM, Rollins N: Early cessation of breastfeeding to prevent postnatal transmission of HIV: a recommendation in need of guidance. Acta Paediatr. 2008, 97: 1663-1668. 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00956.x.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Rollins NC, Becquet R, Bland RM, Coutsoudis A, Coovadia HM, Newell ML: Infant feeding, HIV transmission and mortality at 18 months: the need for appropriate choices by mothers and prioritization within programmes. AIDS. 2008, 22 (17): 2349-2357. 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328312c740.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
43.
Chinkonde JR, Sundby J, de Paoli M, Thorsen VC: The difficulty with responding to policy changes for HIV and infant feeding in Malawi. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 11-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
44.
Koricho AT, Moland KM, Blystad A: Poisonous milk and sinful mothers: the changing meaning of breastfeeding in the wake of the HIV epidemic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 12-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
45.
Engebretsen IMS, Moland KM, Nankunda J, Karamagi CA, Tylleskar T, Tumwine JK: Gendered perceptions on infant feeding in Eastern Uganda: continued need for exclusive breastfeeding support. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 13-10.1186/1746-4358-5-2.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
46.
Njunga J, Blystad A: 'The divorce program': gendered experiences of HIV positive mothers enrolled in PMTCT programs - the case of rural Malawi. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 14-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
47.
Levy JM, Webb AL, Sellen DW: "On our own, we can't manage": experiences with infant feeding recommendations among Malawian mothers living with HIV. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 15-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
48.
Nankunda J, Tumwine JK, Nankabirwa V, Tylleskär T, PROMISE-EBF Study Group: "She would sit with me": mothers' experiences of individual peer support for exclusive breastfeeding in Uganda. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 16-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
49.
Nkonki LL, Daniels KL, PROMISE-EB Study Group: Selling a service: experiences of peer supporters while promoting exclusive infant feeding in three sites in South Africa. Int Breastfeed J. 2010, 5: 17-PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Breastfeeding and HIV: experiences from a decade of prevention of postnatal HIV transmission in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors
Karen Marie I Moland
Marina M de Paoli
Daniel W Sellen
Penny van Esterik
Sebalda C Leshabari
Astrid Blystad
Publication date
01-10-2010
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
International Breastfeeding Journal / Issue 1/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1746-4358
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4358-5-10

Other articles of this Issue 1/2010

International Breastfeeding Journal 1/2010 Go to the issue

Research

"On our own, we can't manage": experiences with infant feeding recommendations among Malawian mothers living with HIV

Research

Selling a service: experiences of peer supporters while promoting exclusive infant feeding in three sites in South Africa

Research

The difficulty with responding to policy changes for HIV and infant feeding in Malawi

Research

Does opening a milk bank in a neonatal unit change infant feeding practices? A before and after study

Research

Gendered perceptions on infant feeding in Eastern Uganda: continued need for exclusive breastfeeding support

Research

Two sides of breastfeeding support: experiences of women and midwives