Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Head & Face Medicine
Published in: Head & Face Medicine 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Can cone beam CT predict the hardness of interradicular cortical bone?

Authors: Tamar Brosh, Bereznyak-Elias Yekaterina, Raphael Pilo, Nir Shpack, Silvia Geron

Published in: Head & Face Medicine | Issue 1/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Objectives

Orthodontic mini implants can be inserted at the interradicular site. The bone quality at this site may affect the stability and anchorage of the implant. Bone density is clinically evaluated by Hounsfield units (HU) obtained from cone beam CT (CBCT). The objective of this study was to determine the correlations between HU, microhardness and cortical bone thickness of interradicular site at various segments (anterior/posterior) and aspects (buccal/lingual) of both jaws in a swine model.

Materials and methods

Eight mandible and maxilla swine bones were scanned by CBCT. The HU and thickness of the above-mentioned sites were determined. Then, a Knoop microhardness test was applied and the Knoop Hardness Number was obtained (KHN).

Results

The mandible parameters spread over a wider range than the maxilla. The buccal aspect of the maxilla had higher HU and KHN values than the mandible. The lingual aspect of the mandible had higher KHN values than the maxilla. Posterior segments had higher HU and KHN values. The thickness of the alveolar cortical bone was greater in the maxilla than in the mandible. Correlations were found between HU and KHN for 3 of the 4 sites (anterior or posterior, buccal or lingual) of the mandible only. No correlations were found for the maxilla. Upon pooling the HU and KHN data for the whole jaw, correlation was found for the maxilla as well.

Conclusions

Relying on HU values as a predictor of cortical bone hardness should be considered with caution.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
Papadopoulos MA, Papageorgiou SN, Zogakis IP: Clinical effectiveness of orthodontic miniscrew implants: a meta-analysis. J Dent Res. 2011, 90: 969-976.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Ren Y, Maltha JC, Kuijpers-Jagtman AM: Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Angle Orthod. 2003, 73: 86-92.PubMed
3.
Chen Y, Kyung HM, Zhao WT, Yu WJ: Critical factors for the success of orthodontic mini-implants: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009, 135: 284-291.CrossRef
4.
Meursinge Reynders RA, Ronchi L, Ladu L, Etten-Jamaludin F, Bipat S: Insertion torque and success of orthodontic mini-implants: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2012, 142: 596-614.CrossRef
5.
Huja SS, Litsky AS, Beck FM, Johnson KA, Larsen PE: Pull-out strength of monocortical screws placed in the maxillae and mandibles of dogs. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2005, 127: 307-313.CrossRef
6.
Park HS, Lee YJ, Jeong SH, Kwon TG: Density of the alveolar and basal bones of the maxilla and the mandible. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2008, 133: 30-37.CrossRef
7.
Chun YS, Lim WH: Bone density at interradicular sites: implications for orthodontic mini-implant placement. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2009, 12: 25-32.CrossRefPubMed
8.
AlSamak S, Gkantidis N, Bitsanis E, Christou P: Assessment of potential orthodontic mini-implant insertion sites based on anatomical hard tissue parameters: a systematic review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2012, 27: 875-887.PubMed
9.
Lim JE, Lee SJ, Kim YJ, Lim WH, Chun YS: Comparison of cortical bone thickness and root proximity at maxillary and mandibular interradicular sites for orthodontic mini-implant placement. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2009, 12: 299-304.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Motoyoshi M, Yoshida T, Ono A, Shimizu N: Effect of cortical bone thickness and implant placement torque on stability of orthodontic mini-implants. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007, 22: 779-784.PubMed
11.
Cho SA, Park KT: The removal torque of titanium screw inserted in rabbit tibia treated by dual acid etching. Biomaterials. 2003, 24: 3611-3617.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Martinelli FL, Luiz RR, Faria M, Nojima LI: Anatomic variability in alveolar sites for skeletal anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2010, 138: 252-259.CrossRef
13.
Silvestrini Biavati A, Tecco S, Migliorati M, Festa F, Marzo G, Gherlone E, Tete S: Three-dimensional tomographic mapping related to primary stability and structural miniscrew characteristics. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2011, 14: 88-99.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Horner KA, Behrents RG, Kim KB, Buschang PH: Cortical bone and ridge thickness of hyperdivergent and hypodivergent adults. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2012, 142: 170-178.CrossRef
15.
Farnsworth D, Rossouw PE, Ceen RF, Buschang PH: Cortical bone thickness at common miniscrew implant placement sites. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2011, 139: 495-503.CrossRef
16.
Motoyoshi M, Inaba M, Ono A, Ueno S, Shimizu N: The effect of cortical bone thickness on the stability of orthodontic mini-implants and on the stress distribution in surrounding bone. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009, 38: 13-18.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Hodgskinson R, Currey JD, Evans GP: Hardness, an indicator of the mechanical competence of cancellous bone. J Orthop Res. 1989, 7: 754-758.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Johnson WM, Rapoff AJ: Microindentation in bone: hardness variation with five independent variables. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2007, 18: 591-597.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Boivin G, Bala Y, Doublier A, Farlay D, Ste-Marie LG, Meunier PJ, Delmas PD: The role of mineralization and organic matrix in the microhardness of bone tissue from controls and osteoporotic patients. Bone. 2008, 43: 532-538.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Lettry S, Seedhom BB, Berry E, Cuppone M: Quality assessment of the cortical bone of the human mandible. Bone. 2003, 32: 35-44.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Iijima M, Takano M, Yasuda Y, Muguruma T, Nakagaki S, Sakakura Y, Ochi M, Mizoguchi I: Effect of the quantity and quality of cortical bone on the failure force of a miniscrew implant. Eur J Orthod. 2013, 35: 583-589.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Holm L, Cunningham SJ, Petrie A, Cousley RR: An in vitro study of factors affecting the primary stability of orthodontic mini-implants. Angle Orthod. 2012, 82: 1022-1028.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Deguchi T, Nasu M, Murakami K, Yabuuchi T, Kamioka H, Takano-Yamamoto T: Quantitative evaluation of cortical bone thickness with computed tomographic scanning for orthodontic implants. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2006, 129: 721-e7-721.e12CrossRef
24.
Lim JE, Lim WH, Chun YS: Quantitative evaluation of cortical bone thickness and root proximity at maxillary interradicular sites for orthodontic mini-implant placement. Clin Anat. 2008, 21: 486-491.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Lee KJ, Joo E, Kim KD, Lee JS, Park YC, Yu HS: Computed tomographic analysis of tooth-bearing alveolar bone for orthodontic miniscrew placement. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009, 135: 486-494.CrossRef
26.
Chen CH, Chang CS, Hsieh CH, Tseng YC, Shen YS, Huang IY, Yang CF, Chen CM: The use of microimplants in orthodontic anchorage. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006, 64: 1209-1213.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Monnerat C, Restle L, Mucha JN: Tomographic mapping of mandibular interradicular spaces for placement of orthodontic mini-implants. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009, 135: 428-429.CrossRef
28.
Stoppie N, Pattijn V, Van Cleynenbreugel T, Wevers M, Vander Sloten J, Ignace N: Structural and radiological parameters for the characterization of jawbone. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006, 17: 124-133.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Lee S, Gantes B, Riggs M, Crigger M: Bone density assessments of dental implant sites: 3. Bone quality evaluation during osteotomy and implant placement. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007, 22: 208-212.PubMed
30.
Tseng YC, Hsieh CH, Chen CH, Shen YS, Huang IY, Chen CM: The application of mini-implants for orthodontic anchorage. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006, 35: 704-707.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Turkyilmaz I, Ozan O, Yilmaz B, Ersoy AE: Determination of bone quality of 372 implant recipient sites using Hounsfield unit from computerized tomography: a clinical study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2008, 10: 238-244.PubMed
32.
Zapata U, Opperman LA, Kontogiorgos E, Elsalanty ME, Dechow PC: Biomechanical characteristics of regenerated cortical bone in the canine mandible. J Tissue Eng Regen Med. 2011, 5: 551-559.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
33.
Schwartz-Dabney CL, Dechow PC: Variations in cortical material properties throughout the human dentate mandible. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2003, 120: 252-277.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Baumgaertel S, Hans MG: Buccal cortical bone thickness for mini-implant placement. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009, 136: 230-235.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Can cone beam CT predict the hardness of interradicular cortical bone?
Authors
Tamar Brosh
Bereznyak-Elias Yekaterina
Raphael Pilo
Nir Shpack
Silvia Geron
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Head & Face Medicine / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1746-160X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-160X-10-12

Other articles of this Issue 1/2014

Head & Face Medicine 1/2014 Go to the issue

Case report

Correction of a severe facial asymmetry with computerized planning and with the use of a rapid prototyped surgical template: a case report/technique article

Research

Retrospective study of biopsied head and neck lesions in a cohort of referral Taiwanese patients

Research

Whole body magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomography angiography in the vascular mapping of head and neck: an intraindividual comparison

Research

Biodegradation pattern and tissue integration of native and cross-linked porcine collagen soft tissue augmentation matrices – an experimental study in the rat

Research

Significant variation in salivation by short-term suggestive intervention: a randomized controlled cross-over clinical study

Research

Analysis of the torque capacity of a completely customized lingual appliance of the next generation