Top

Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Review

Ships, ports and particulate air pollution - an analysis of recent studies

Authors: Daniel Mueller, Stefanie Uibel, Masaya Takemura, Doris Klingelhoefer, David A Groneberg

Published in: Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology | Issue 1/2011

Abstract

The duration of use is usually significantly longer for marine vessels than for roadside vehicles. Therefore, these vessels are often powered by relatively old engines which may propagate air pollution. Also, the quality of fuel used for marine vessels is usually not comparable to the quality of fuels used in the automotive sector and therefore, port areas may exhibit a high degree of air pollution. In contrast to the multitude of studies that addressed outdoor air pollution due to road traffic, only little is known about ship-related air pollution. Therefore the present article aims to summarize recent studies that address air pollution, i.e. particulate matter exposure, due to marine vessels. It can be stated that the data in this area of research is still largely limited. Especially, knowledge on the different air pollutions in different sea areas is needed.

Available only for authorised users

Elfman L, Riihimaki M, Pringle J, Walinder R: Influence of horse stable environment on human airways. J Occup Med Toxicol 2009, 4: 10. 10.1186/1745-6673-4-10PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Groneberg DA, Fischer A: Occupational medicine and toxicology. J Occup Med Toxicol 2006, 1: 1. 10.1186/1745-6673-1-1PubMedCentralCrossRef

Groneberg DA, Nowak D, Wussow A, Fischer A: Chronic cough due to occupational factors. J Occup Med Toxicol 2006, 1: 3. 10.1186/1745-6673-1-3PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Groneberg DA, Scutaru C, Lauks M, Takemura M, Fischer TC, Kolzow S, van Mark A, Uibel S, Wagner U, Vitzthum K, et al.: Mobile Air Quality Studies (MAQS)-an international project. J Occup Med Toxicol 2010, 5: 8. 10.1186/1745-6673-5-8PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Groneberg-Kloft B, Kraus T, Mark A, Wagner U, Fischer A: Analysing the causes of chronic cough: relation to diesel exhaust, ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides and other environmental factors. J Occup Med Toxicol 2006, 1: 6. 10.1186/1745-6673-1-6PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Sierra-Vargas MP, Guzman-Grenfell AM, Blanco-Jimenez S, Sepulveda-Sanchez JD, Bernabe-Cabanillas RM, Cardenas-Gonzalez B, Ceballos G, Hicks JJ: Airborne particulate matter PM2.5 from Mexico City affects the generation of reactive oxygen species by blood neutrophils from asthmatics: an in vitro approach. J Occup Med Toxicol 2009, 4: 17. 10.1186/1745-6673-4-17PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Six Common Air Pollutants[http://www.epa.gov/air/urbanair/]

Europäische Union: Richtlinie 2008/50/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates - über Luftqualität und saubere Luft für Europa. Book Richtlinie 2008/50/EG des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates - über Luftqualität und saubere Luft für Europa 2008, 9–31. (Editor ed.^eds.). pp. 9–31. City

Atkinson RW, Anderson HR, Sunyer J, Ayres J, Baccini M, Vonk JM, Boumghar A, Forastiere F, Forsberg B, Touloumi G, et al.: Acute effects of particulate air pollution on respiratory admissions - Results from APHEA 2 project. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001, 164: 1860–1866.CrossRefPubMed

10.

Brook RD, Rajagopalan S, Pope CA, Brook JR, Bhatnagar A, Diez-Roux AV, Holguin F, Hong YL, Luepker RV, Mittleman MA, et al.: Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease An Update to the Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2010, 121: 2331–2378. 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181dbece1CrossRefPubMed

11.

Dominici F, Peng RD, Bell ML, Pham L, McDermott A, Zeger SL, Samet JM: Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Jama-Journal of the American Medical Association 2006, 295: 1127–1134. 10.1001/jama.295.10.1127CrossRef

12.

Gavett SH, Koren HS: The role of particulate matter in exacerbation of atopic asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2001, 124: 109–112. 10.1159/000053685CrossRefPubMed

13.

Gehring U, Heinrich J, Kramer U, Grote V, Hochadel M, Sugiri D, Kraft M, Rauchfuss K, Eberwein HG, Wichmann HE: Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cardiopulmonary mortality in women. Epidemiology 2006, 17: 545–551. 10.1097/01.ede.0000224541.38258.87CrossRefPubMed

14.

Ko FWS, Hui DSC: Outdoor air pollution: impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2009, 15: 150–157. 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32832185eeCrossRefPubMed

15.

Pope CA, Kanner RE: Acute effects of pm-10 pollution on pulmonary-function of smokers with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary-disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993, 147: 1336–1340.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Sint T, Donohue JF, Ghio AJ: Ambient air pollution particles and the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inhal Toxicol 2008, 20: 25–29. 10.1080/08958370701758759CrossRefPubMed

17.

Sunyer J, Basagana X: Particles, and not gases, are associated with the risk of death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Epidemiol 2001, 30: 1138–1140. 10.1093/ije/30.5.1138CrossRefPubMed

18.

Tecer LH, Alagha O, Karaca F, Tuncel G, Eldes N: Particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10–2.5, and PM10) and children's hospital admissions for asthma and respiratory diseases: A bidirectional case-crossover study. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part a-Current Issues 2008, 71: 512–520. 10.1080/15287390801907459CrossRef

19.

Vidale S, Bonanomi A, Guidotti M, Arnaboldi M, Sterzi R: Air pollution positively correlates with daily stroke admission and in hospital mortality: a study in the urban area of Como, Italy. Neurol Sci 2010, 31: 179–182.CrossRefPubMed

20.

Yeatts K, Svendsen E, Creason J, Alexis N, Herbst M, Scott J, Kupper L, Williams R, Neas L, Cascio W, et al.: Coarse particulate matter (PM2.5–10) affects heart rate variability, blood lipids, and circulating eosinophils in adults with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 2007, 115: 709–714. 10.1289/ehp.9499PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

21.

Pandolfi M, Gonzalez-Castanedo Y, Alastuey A, de la Rosa JD, Mantilla E, de la Campa AS, Querol X, Pey J, Amato F, Moreno T: Source apportionment of PM(10) and PM(2.5) at multiple sites in the strait of Gibraltar by PMF: impact of shipping emissions. Environ Sci Pollut Res 2011, 18: 260–269. 10.1007/s11356-010-0373-4CrossRef

22.

Agrawal H, Eden R, Zhang X, Fine PM, Katzenstein A, Miller JW, Ospital J, Teffera S, Cocker DR III: Primary Particulate Matter from Ocean-Going Engines in the Southern California Air Basin. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43: 5398–5402. 10.1021/es8035016CrossRefPubMed

23.

Ault AP, Moore MJ, Furutani H, Prather KA: Impact of Emissions from the Los Angeles Port Region on San Diego Air Quality during Regional Transport Events. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43: 3500–3506. 10.1021/es8018918CrossRefPubMed

24.

Poplawski K, Setton E, McEwen B, Hrebenyk D, Graham M, Keller P: Impact of cruise ship emissions in Victoria, BC, Canada. Atmos Environ 2011, 45: 824–833. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.11.029CrossRef

25.

Deniz C, Kilic A: Estimation and Assessment of Shipping Emissions in the Region of Ambarli Port, Turkey. Environ Prog Sustain Energy 2010, 29: 107–115.

26.

Deniz C, Kilic A, Civkaroglu G: Estimation of shipping emissions in Candarli Gulf, Turkey. Environ Monit Assess 2010, 171: 219–228. 10.1007/s10661-009-1273-2CrossRefPubMed

27.

Healy RM, O'Connor IP, Hellebust S, Allanic A, Sodeau JR, Wenger JC: Characterisation of single particles from in-port ship emissions. Atmos Environ 2009, 43: 6408–6414. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.07.039CrossRef

28.

Jonsson AM, Westerlund J, Hallquist M: Size-resolved particle emission factors for individual ships. Geophys Res Lett 2011., 38:

29.

Jayaram V, Agrawal H, Welch WA, Miller JW, Cocker DR: Real-Time Gaseous, PM and Ultrafine Particle Emissions from a Modern Marine Engine Operating on Biodiesel. Environ Sci Technol 2011, 45: 2286–2292. 10.1021/es1026954CrossRefPubMed

30.

Heikkila J, Virtanen A, Ronkko T, Keskinen J, Aakko-Saksa P, Murtonen T: Nanoparticle Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Engine Running on Alternative Diesel Fuels. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43: 9501–9506. 10.1021/es9013807CrossRefPubMed

31.

Jung H, Kittelson DB, Zachariah MR: Characteristics of SME biodiesel-fueled diesel particle emissions and the kinetics of oxidation. Environ Sci Technol 2006, 40: 4949–4955. 10.1021/es0515452CrossRefPubMed

32.

Winnes H, Fridell E: Particle Emissions from Ships: Dependence on Fuel Type. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 2009, 59: 1391–1398.CrossRef

33.

Moldanova J, Fridell E, Popovicheva O, Demirdjian B, Tishkova V, Faccinetto A, Focsa C: Characterisation of particulate matter and gaseous emissions from a large ship diesel engine. Atmos Environ 2009, 43: 2632–2641. 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.008CrossRef

34.

Murphy SM, Agrawal H, Sorooshian A, Padro LT, Gates H, Hersey S, Welch WA, Jung H, Miller JW, Cocker DR, et al.: Comprehensive Simultaneous Shipboard and Airborne Characterization of Exhaust from a Modern Container Ship at Sea. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43: 4626–4640. 10.1021/es802413jCrossRefPubMed

35.

Contini D, Gambaro A, Belosi F, De Pieri S, Cairns WRL, Donateo A, Zanotto E, Citron M: The direct influence of ship traffic on atmospheric PM(2.5), PM(10) and PAH in Venice. Journal of Environmental Management 2011, 92: 2119–2129. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.01.016CrossRefPubMed

36.

Groneberg-Kloft B, Fischer TC, Quarcoo D, Scutaru C: New quality and quantity indices in science (NewQIS): the study protocol of an international project. J Occup Med Toxicol 2009, 4: 16. 10.1186/1745-6673-4-16PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

37.

Vitzthum K, Scutaru C, Musial-Bright L, Quarcoo D, Welte T, Spallek M, Groneberg-Kloft B: Scientometric analysis and combined density-equalizing mapping of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) research. PLoS One 2010, 5: e11254. 10.1371/journal.pone.0011254PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

38.

Groneberg-Kloft B, Kreiter C, Welte T, Fischer A, Quarcoo D, Scutaru C: Interfield dysbalances in research input and output benchmarking: visualisation by density equalizing procedures. International journal of health geographics 2008, 7: 48. 10.1186/1476-072X-7-48PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

39.

Scutaru C, Quarcoo D, Takemura M, Welte T, Fischer TC, Groneberg-Kloft B: Density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking in Industrial Health. Ind Health 2010, 48: 197–203. 10.2486/indhealth.48.197CrossRefPubMed

40.

Groneberg-Kloft B, Quarcoo D, Scutaru C: Quality and quantity indices in science: use of visualization tools. EMBO Rep 2009, 10: 800–803.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

41.

Scutaru C, Quarcoo D, Sakr M, Shami A, Al-Mutawakel K, Vitzthum K, Fischer TC, Zuberbier T, Groneberg-Kloft B: Density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking of European allergy research. J Occup Med Toxicol 2010, 5: 2. 10.1186/1745-6673-5-2PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

42.

Groneberg-Kloft B, Scutaru C, Dinh QT, Welte T, Chung KF, Fischer A, Quarcoo D: Inter-disease comparison of research quantity and quality: bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Asthma 2009, 46: 147–152. 10.1080/02770900802503115CrossRefPubMed

43.

Kusma B, Scutaru C, Quarcoo D, Welte T, Fischer TC, Groneberg-Kloft B: Tobacco control: visualisation of research activity using density-equalizing mapping and scientometric benchmarking procedures. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009, 6: 1856–1869. 10.3390/ijerph6061856PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

44.

Groneberg-Kloft B, Scutaru C, Fischer A, Welte T, Kreiter C, Quarcoo D: Analysis of research output parameters: density equalizing mapping and citation trend analysis. BMC Health Serv Res 2009, 9: 16. 10.1186/1472-6963-9-16PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Title: Ships, ports and particulate air pollution - an analysis of recent studies
Authors: Daniel Mueller
Stefanie Uibel
Masaya Takemura
Doris Klingelhoefer
David A Groneberg
Publication date: 01-12-2011
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6673
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-6-31

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Ships, ports and particulate air pollution - an analysis of recent studies

Abstract

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2011

Retrospective examination of injuries and physical fitness during Federal Bureau of Investigation new agent training

Initiation of health-behaviour change among employees participating in a web-based health risk assessment with tailored feedback

Complications and management of acute copper sulphate poisoning; a case discussion

Recruitment and retention of farm owners and workers for a six-month prospective injury study in New Zealand: a feasibility study

A case study on co-exposure to a mixture of organic solvents in a Tunisian adhesive-producing company

Effects of furosemide on the hearing loss induced by impulse noise