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Globalization and Health
Published in: Globalization and Health 1/2012

Open Access 01-12-2012 | Research

Where are the NGOs and why? The distribution of health and development NGOs in Bolivia

Authors: Lindsay P Galway, Kitty K Corbett, Leilei Zeng

Published in: Globalization and Health | Issue 1/2012

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Abstract

Background

The presence and influence of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the landscape of global health and development have dramatically increased over the past several decades. The distribution of NGO activity and the ways in which contextual factors influence the distribution of NGO activity across geographies merit study. This paper explores the distribution of NGO activity, using Bolivia as a case study, and identifies local factors that are related to the distribution of NGO activity across municipalities in Bolivia.

Methods

The research question is addressed using a geographic information system (GIS) and multiple regression analyses of count data. We used count data of the total number of NGO projects across Bolivian municipalities to measure NGO activity both in general and in the health sector specifically and national census data for explanatory variables of interest.

Results

This study provides one of the first empirical analyses exploring factors related to the distribution of NGO activity at the national scale. Our analyses show that NGO activity in Bolivia, both in general and health-sector specific, is distributed unevenly across the country. Results indicate that NGO activity is related to population size, extent of urbanization, size of the indigenous population, and health system coverage. Results for NGO activity in general and health-sector specific NGO activity were similar.

Conclusions

The uneven distribution of NGO activity may suggest a lack of co-ordination among NGOs working in Bolivia as well as a lack of co-ordination among NGO funders. Co-ordination of NGO activity is most needed in regions characterized by high NGO activity in order to avoid duplication of services and programmes and inefficient use of limited resources. Our findings also indicate that neither general nor health specific NGO activity is related to population need, when defined as population health status or education level or poverty levels. Considering these results we discuss broader implications for global health and development and make several recommendations relevant for development and health practice and research.
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Metadata
Title
Where are the NGOs and why? The distribution of health and development NGOs in Bolivia
Authors
Lindsay P Galway
Kitty K Corbett
Leilei Zeng
Publication date
01-12-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Globalization and Health / Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1744-8603
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-8-38

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