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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Evaluating the levels of interleukin-1 family cytokines in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Authors: Paola Italiani, Cecilia Carlesi, Paola Giungato, Ilaria Puxeddu, Barbara Borroni, Paola Bossù, Paola Migliorini, Gabriele Siciliano, Diana Boraschi

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease leading to the death of affected individuals within years. The involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS, is increasingly recognized but still not well understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of inflammation-related IL-1 family cytokines (IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-37) and their endogenous inhibitors (IL-1Ra, sIL-1R2, IL-18BP, sIL-1R4) in patients with sporadic ALS (sALS),

Methods

Sera were collected from 144 patients (125 patients were characterized by disease form, duration, and disability, using the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) and from 40 matched controls. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from 54 patients with sALS and 65 patients with other non-infectious non-oncogenic diseases as controls. Cytokines and inhibitors were measured by commercial ELISA.

Results

Among the IL-1 family cytokines tested total IL-18, its endogenous inhibitor IL-18BP, and the active form of the cytokine (free IL-18) were significantly higher in the sALS sera than in controls. No correlation between these soluble mediators and different clinical forms of sALS or the clinical setting of the disease was found. IL-18BP was the only mediator detectable in the CSF of patients.

Conclusions

Among the IL-1 family cytokines, only IL-18 correlates with this disease and may therefore have a pathological role in sALS. The increase of total IL-18 suggests the activation of IL-18-cleaving inflammasome. Whether IL-18 upregulation in circulation of sALS patients is a consequence of inflammation or one of the causes of the pathology still needs to be addressed.
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Metadata
Title
Evaluating the levels of interleukin-1 family cytokines in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors
Paola Italiani
Cecilia Carlesi
Paola Giungato
Ilaria Puxeddu
Barbara Borroni
Paola Bossù
Paola Migliorini
Gabriele Siciliano
Diana Boraschi
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-94

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