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Journal of Neuroinflammation
Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation 1/2014

Open Access 01-12-2014 | Research

Critical role of inflammatory cytokines in impairing biochemical processes for learning and memory after surgery in rats

Authors: Hongying Tan, Jiangbei Cao, Junfeng Zhang, Zhiyi Zuo

Published in: Journal of Neuroinflammation | Issue 1/2014

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Abstract

Background

Patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction have poor outcomes. Neuroinflammation may be the underlying pathophysiology for this dysfunction. We determined whether proinflammatory cytokines affect the trafficking of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors to the plasma membrane, a fundamental biochemical process for learning and memory.

Methods

Four-month-old male Fischer 344 rats were subjected to right carotid exposure under isoflurane anesthesia. Some rats received intravenous lidocaine infusion during anesthesia. Rats were tested two weeks later by Barnes maze. The hippocampus was harvested six hours after the surgery for western blotting of interleukin (IL)-1β or IL-6. Hippocampal slices were prepared from control rats or rats subjected to surgery two weeks previously. They were incubated with tetraethylammonium, an agent that can induce long term potentiation, for determining the trafficking of GluR1, an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunit.

Results

Surgery or anesthesia increased the time to identify the target box during the Barnes maze test training sessions and one day after the training sessions. Surgery also prolonged the time to identify the target box eight days after the training sessions. Surgery increased IL-1β and IL-6 in the hippocampus. The tetraethylammonium–induced GluR1 phosphorylation and trafficking were abolished in the hippocampal slices of rats after surgery. These surgical effects were partly inhibited by lidocaine. The incubation of control hippocampal slices with IL-1β and IL-6 abolished tetraethylammonium–induced GluR1 trafficking and phosphorylation. Lidocaine minimally affected the effects of IL-1β on GluR1 trafficking.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that surgery increases proinflammatory cytokines that then inhibit GluR1 trafficking, leading to learning and memory impairment.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Critical role of inflammatory cytokines in impairing biochemical processes for learning and memory after surgery in rats
Authors
Hongying Tan
Jiangbei Cao
Junfeng Zhang
Zhiyi Zuo
Publication date
01-12-2014
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Neuroinflammation / Issue 1/2014
Electronic ISSN: 1742-2094
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-11-93

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